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| | Frankfurt School |
 | | The independent institute was conceived by Felix J. Weil, along with his fellow students Max Horkheimer and Friedrich Pollock, and endowed initially by his father Hermann Weil, a grain merchant. |
 | | Erich Fromm, Karl Landauer (director of the Frankfurt Psychoanalytic Institute), Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer, A. Gurland, Paul Massing, Paul Lazarsfeld, and Mirra Komarovsky, among many others, were affiliated with the institute in the 1930s; Fromm had severed his ties by the end of the decade. |
 | | Hegel's dialectical phenomenology, the leftist (or "critical") Hegelianism of the 1840s, and Karl Marx's dialectical materialism. |
| www.press.jhu.edu /books/hopkins_guide_to_literary_theory/frankfurt_school.html (3668 words) |
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