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	Red Gold . Innovators & Pioneers . Karl Landsteiner \| PBS
		Karl Landsteiner was one of the first scientists to study the physical processes of immunity.
		Landsteiner identified the agents responsible for immune reactions, examined the interaction of antigens and antibodies, and studied allergic reactions in experimental animals.
		Landsteiner graduated from medical school at the age of 23 and immediately began advanced studies in the field of organic chemistry, working in the research laboratory of his mentor, Ernst Ludwig.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/redgold/innovators/bio_landsteiner.html (943 words)

	Karl Landsteiner - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Karl Landsteiner (June 14, 1868 - June 26, 1943), was an Austrian biologist and physician.
		He was born in Vienna, Austria to Leopold Landsteiner, a journalist and newspaper editor who was also a doctor of law.
		Karl Landsteiner died of a heart attack while still working at his laboratory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Karl_Landsteiner (239 words)

	Karl Landsteiner - Wikipedia
		Landsteiner studierte an der Universität Wien Medizin, er promovierte 1891 zum Doktor der Medizin.
		Karl Landsteiner war ein Mensch voller Energie und Forscherdrang.
		Seit 2005 besteht in Niederösterreich die "Karl Landsteiner Gesellschaft" als Verein zur Durchführung von wissenschaftlichen Forschungen im Bereich der Medizin und verwandter wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Karl_Landsteiner (506 words)

	Karl Landsteiner / Nobelpreistr - Economy-point.org
		Landsteiner studied Vienna medicine, it at the university attained a doctorate 1891 to the doctor of the medicine.
		Between 1898 and 1908 Landsteiner was an assistant at the pathological anatomy of the University of Vienna, afterwards until 1919 executive committee of the Wilhelminenspitals in Vienna.
		Since 2005 the "“Karl Landsteiner society"” exists as association for the execution of scientific research in the range of the medicine and related scientific disciplines in Lower Austria.
	www.economy-point.org /k/karl-landsteiner.html (583 words)

	Karl Landsteiner - Biography
		Karl Landsteiner was born in Vienna on June 14, 1868.
		Karl was brought up by his mother, Fanny Hess, to whom he was so devoted that a death mask of her hung on his wall until he died.
		In 1901-1903 Landsteiner pointed out that a similar reaction may occur when the blood of one human individual is transfused, not with the blood of another animal, but with that of another human being, and that this might be the cause of shock, jaundice, and haemoglobinuria that had followed some earlier attempts at blood transfusions.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1930/landsteiner-bio.html (1032 words)

	Karl Landsteiner (www.whonamedit.com)
		Karl Landsteiner was one of the first scientists to study the physical processes of immunity and is reckoned as the founder of serology.
		Karl was placed under the guardianship of a family friend, but remained close to his mother.
		During 1896-1897 Landsteiner was an assistant to Max von Gruber (1853-1927) in the newly established Institute of Hygiene at the University of Vienna.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2794.html (2340 words)

	Agapit ╧ 7-8
		Karl Landsteiner was born in 1868 in Vienna.
		It was in 1900 that K. Landsteiner (who was then the assistent of the Vienna Institute of Pathology) took blood from himself and his five employees, separated serum from erythrocytes using a centrifuge and mixed separate samples of erythrocytes with the serum of different persons and with his own.
		In 1940 Landsteiner together with A.Wiener found the human blood factor which they called the rhesus factor (Rh) since in the course of investigations they used the serum of rabbits immunized by erythrocytes of Macacus rhesus species.
	www.histomed.kiev.ua /agapit/ag78/ag78-45e.html (812 words)

	India infoline - Pharmaline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		That mystery was finally solved by Karl Landsteiner, a Vienna born physician and researcher that - Humans, although one species, vary in their types of blood.
		Karl labeled these two protein as A and B and went on to identify the blood groups A, B, AB and O (the label for cells containing neither of these two proteins).
		Karl also found out that blood contains antibodies against the protein not found on their red cells, so that when a type A or B person is transfused with blood of a different type, his or her antibodies will destroy the red blood cells with the foreign marker.
	www.indiainfoline.com /phar/mile/1901.html (477 words)

	Der Entdecker der Blutgruppen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Landsteiner wird ein sehr enges Verhältnis mit seiner Mutter nachgesagt.
		Landsteiner ist Jude, und seine Frau konvertiert in den ersten Jahren der Ehe zu seiner Religion.
		Verwandte seiner Frau in Holland sind Karl Landsteiner 1919 bei der Übersiedlung in das Land der Tulpen behilflich.
	www.surfmed.at /news/6876172b097904f7def26d5936fd41fb (542 words)

	Karl Landsteiner -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Landsteiner (June 14 1868 - June 26 1943), was an (A mountainous republic in central Europe; under the Habsburgs (1278-1918) Austria maintained control of the Holy Roman Empire and was a leader in European politics until the 19th century) Austrian ((biology) a scientist who studies living organisms) biologist.
		In 1908 he became (Someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university) professor of (Any deviation from a healthy or normal condition) pathology at the University of Vienna.
		Karl Landsteiner died of a (A sudden severe instance of abnormal heart function) heart attack while still working at his laboratory.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ka/karl_landsteiner.htm (225 words)

	Karl Landsteiner
		Karl Landsteiner was born on June 14, 1868, in Vienna, Austria.
		Landsteiner became an assistant under Max von Gruber in the Hygiene Institute in Vienna in 1896.
		In 1901-1903, Landsteiner discovered that during a blood transfusion from human to human, different foreign bloods tends to clump and cause shock or jaundice.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/Landsteiner.html (325 words)

	Karl Landsteiner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Landsteiner (June 14 1868 - June 26 1943), was an Austria n biologist.
		KARL MAY and Co. - Das Karl-May-Magazin Die Online-Ausgabe des Magazins KARL MAY and Co. Diese Webseite befasst sich überwiegend mit der Wirkungsgeschichte Karl Mays und wird vom Team des Mescalero e.V. gestaltet.
		Karl May Mailingliste und Diskussionsplattform bei Yahoo zu Karl May und verwandtem Umfeld.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Karl_Landsteiner.html (397 words)

	Karl Landsteiner Winner of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Medicine
		Karl Landsteiner Winner of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Medicine
		Karl Landsteiner - Biography (submitted by Davis Brown)
		Karl Landsteiner Biography from Encyclopedia Britannica (submitted by www.britannica.com)
	www.almaz.com /nobel/medicine/1930a.html (91 words)

	Ockham's Razor
		Landsteiner was born in Vienna in 1868, trained in medicine at the University of Vienna and became a research assistant at the pathology institute there.
		Landsteiner's approach to this problem was to separate blood samples from several volunteers into the red cells, which he washed in a saline solution, and the fluid in which they circulate in the body, the serum.
		Landsteiner realised that each of the two copies could be one of three variants - A, B or O. An individual who inherited A from both mother and father ended up blood type 'A'.
	www.jcu.edu.au /school/pms/CGC/Flanders.html (1972 words)

	Karl Landsteiner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nach seinem Studium verbrachte Landsteiner fünf Jahre Ausland in Laboratorien in Zürich Würzburg und 1896 kehrte er nach Wien zurück und und Assistent am Hygienischen Institut.
		Zwischen 1898 und 1908 Landsteiner Assistent an der Pathologischen Anatomie der Wien danach bis 1919 Vorstand des Wilhelminenspitals Wien.
		Karl Landsteiner war ein Mensch voller Energie Forscherdrang.
	de.freeglossary.com /Karl_Landsteiner (374 words)

	Karl Landsteiner biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Landsteiner (June 14 1868 - June 26 1943), was an Austrian biologist.
		In 1909 he developed the modern system of classification of blood groups, and in 1930 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
		With A. Weiner, he identified the Rh factor in 1940.
	karl-landsteiner.biography.ms (55 words)

	Poliovirus - Discovery
		Before the discovery of the infectious nature of the disease, the paralytic aspect was considered to be its characteristic feature, as documented by the denomination "infantile paralysis." Although its infectious nature was long hypothesized, Ivar Wickman was the first to clearly show the infectious nature of polio after an epidemic in Sweden in 1905.
		Landsteiner and his assistant E. Popper injected intraperitoneally suspensions from the spinal cord of a 9-year-old boy into rabbits, guinea pigs, mice and monkeys.
		Unfortunately, this discovery led to the neglect of epidemiological studies showing poliovirus was transmitted as a gastrointestinal infection.
	www.brown.edu /Courses/Bio_160/Projects2000/Polio/PoliovirusDiscovery.htm (235 words)

	Der Entdecker der Blutgruppen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Landsteiner war Sohn des Zeitungsherausgebers und Journalisten Dr. Leopold Landsteiner, seine Mutter war Fanny Landsteiner.
		Erst 1916, einige Jahre nach ihrem Tod, heiratet Landsteiner Leopoldine Helene Wlasto.
		Obwohl Karl Landsteiner bereits wegen seiner Leistungen überaus bekannt ist, bekommt die Familie die Not des ersten Weltkriegs und der Nachkriegszeit unmittelbar zu spüren.
	www.surfmed.de /news/6876172b097904f7def26d5936fd41fb (542 words)

	Blood Types Components
		Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943) was a Vienna physician awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1930 for his work in typing blood.
		Landsteiner reported in 1875 a man’s transfusion of blood to other animals allowed blood corpuscles to clump and break up, causing disastrous results.
		In 1909, Landsteiner classified the human blood into Types, known as A, B, AB and O. He observed two distinct chemical molecules present on the surface of the red blood cell.
	www.irmc.org /body.cfm?id=526 (828 words)

	Karl Landsteiner - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The specificity of serological reactions,: By Karl Landsteiner
		Karl Landsteiner, the discoverer of the blood-groups and a pioneer in the field of immunology: Biography of a Nobel Prize winner of the Vienna Medical School
		Karl Landsteiner: June 14, 1868-June 26, 1943 (Biographical memoirs / National Academy of Sciences)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /karl_landsteiner.htm (137 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Ziegler Karl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Ziegler, Karl (1898-1973), German chemist and Nobel laureate, born near Kassel.
		The scientific and technological momentum in the plastics industry carried over into the post-war years.
		Landsteiner, Karl (1868-1943), Austrian-born American pathologist and Nobel laureate.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Ziegler_Karl.html (82 words)

	MedicalPost.com: NOBEL IN MEDICINE: The discoverer of the four blood groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In fact, the award came three decades after Dr. Landsteiner first reported his findings that, when blood was transfused from one human to another, the foreign corpuscles clumped together and broke up, leading to a potentially fatal situation involving shock, jaundice and/or hemoglobinuria.
		Even Dr. Landsteiner thought the most important aspect of the report was his suggestion that blood characteristics were inherited, meaning paternity could be determined—an assumption later proven to be true.
		Dr. Landsteiner died from a heart attack in the lab at the Rockefeller Institute in June 1939.
	www.medicalpost.com /mpcontent/article.jsp?content=/content/EXTRACT/RAWART/3714/33A.html (525 words)

	Karl Landsteiner
		1901 - 1903: Landsteiner zeigte auf bei der Übertragung von Blut von einem zu einem anderen dieses Blut sich in Blutgefäßen oft verklumpte und zersetzte.
		Viele meinen: Karl Landsteiner sei der Mediziner gewesen der Einsteins Relativitätstheorie nicht nur sondern auch verstanden habe.
		Karl Landsteiner war ein Mensch voller und Forscherdrang.
	www.uni-protokolle.de /Lexikon/Karl_Landsteiner.html (464 words)

	AllRefer.com - Karl Landsteiner (Medicine, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Karl Landsteiner[kArl lAnt´shtInur] Pronunciation Key, 1868–1943, American medical research worker, b.
		In 1922 he came to the United States to join the staff of the Rockefeller Institute (now Rockefeller Univ.).
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Karl Landsteiner
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Landstei.html (197 words)

	All About Blood > Blood Types - What are they? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1901, an Austrian Scientist, Karl Landsteiner, found that reactions between substances present on the surface of red cells (antigens) and other substances in plasma (antibodies) sometimes caused the red blood cells to clump together, causing adverse reactions in recipients.
		After further experiments, he found four blood groups based on the presence or absence of two specific antigens, which are now called A and B. An antigen is a protein or carbohydrate substance (such as a toxin or enzyme) capable of stimulating an immune response.
		Landsteiner's discovery paved the way for a system of blood grouping called the ABO system.
	www.arcbs.redcross.org.au /Donor/aboutblood/bloodtypes.asp (473 words)

	[No title]
		C'est cette difficulté que Karl Landsteiner se proposa de surmonter, lorsqu'il commença ses recherches comme assistant à l'Institut viennois de l'Hygiène.
		Landsteiner avait été frappé par le fait que, lorsqu'on mélangeait le sang de plusieurs personnes, il y avait parfois coagulation et parfois non.
		Landsteiner en conclut qu'il devait y avoir des similitudes et des contradictions dans le sang de différents personnes.
	www.multimania.com /thvincent/landsteiner.htm (307 words)

	Karl - Medicine 1930 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Karl Sigman Professor Secretary of the Center for Applied Probability (CAP) · Columbia University in the City
		Biography of Karl Weierstrass (1815-1897) Karl Weierstrass's father, Wilhelm Weierstrass, was secretary to the mayor of Ostenfelde at the time of Karl's
		Founded in 1989 on the beaches of San Diego, Karl Strauss Brewing Company is dedicated to crafting beers as great as the Southern California lifestyle.
	www.vnyu.com /?q=karl (212 words)

	Landsteiner, Karl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1927 Landsteiner found that, in addition to antigens A and B, human blood cells contain one or other or both of two heritable antigens, M and N. These are of no importance in transfusions, because human serum does not contain the corresponding antibodies, but they are of value in resolving paternity disputes.
		Landsteiner was born and educated in Vienna, and also studied at other universities in Europe.
		He worked at the Vienna Pathology Laboratory 1898-1908, became professor at a Vienna hospital, and left Austria 1919 for the Netherlands, moving 1922 to the USA and the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/L/Landsteiner/1.html (139 words)

	The ABO Blood Group System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The ABO blood group system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner who was born in Vienna on the 14 / 06 / 1868.
		Death was attributed to the organ damage and hyperkalemia from the rapid release of potassium from the lysed red cells (1).
		As a result Landsteiner divided these individuals into three groups called groups A, group B and group C. The group C was later changed to group O (1, 6, 7).
	www.bh.rmit.edu.au /mls/subjects/abo/resources/discovery1.htm (703 words)

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