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Topic: Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria

	Karl Theodor, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (1724-1799) — GAMEO
		Karl Theodor, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (1724-1799) — GAMEO
		Karl Theodor, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (1724-1799)
		Karl Theodor (Charles Theodore), Elector Palatine of the Rhine, 1742-1799, and Elector of Bavaria, 1777-1799 (Karl IV Theodor, Kurfürst von der Pfalz, Karl II Theodor, Kurfürst von Bayern): born 12 December 1724, the son of Johann Christian von der Pfalz-Sulzbach.
	www.gameo.org /encyclopedia/contents/K3754.html (601 words)

	Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Karl Theodor, Prince-Elector, Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria (December 12, 1724 – February 16, 1799) reigned as Prince-Elector and Count Palatinate from 1742, and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777, until his death.
		Born in Drogenbos near Brussels, and educated in Mannheim, Karl Theodor inherited Electoral Palatine in 1742.
		Karl Theodor never became popular as a ruler in Bavaria; in the following years, he constantly tried without success to exchange the ducal lands of Bavaria for the Austrian Netherlands and a royal crown, and he never managed to control the mounting social tensions in Bavaria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Karl_Theodor,_Elector_of_Bavaria (500 words)

	Karl Theodor Elector of Bavaria - encyclopedia article - Citizendium
		Karl Theodor (Charles Theodore) Wittelsbach (- 1799, Munich) was the Elector of the Palatinate of the Rhine from 1743 until his death in 1799, and of the joined Palatinate-Bavaria after the extinction of the Bavarian branch of the Wittelsbach family with the death of Elector Max III Joseph in 1777.
		Both Karlstor (Karl's Gate) and Karlsplatz in Munich are named after him.
		Karl Theodor was unpopular with his Bavarian subjects.
	en.citizendium.org /wiki/Karl_Theodor_Elector_of_Bavaria (187 words)

	Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Karl Theodor (born in 1724) reigned as Elector and Prince of the Palatinate from 1742 until his death 1799, and also as Duke of Bavaria from 1777 (until his death in 1799).
		Born in Drogenbos near Brussels on December 12, 1724, and educated in Mannheim, Karl Theodor inherited Electoral Palatine in 1742.
		Karl Theodor never became established as a ruler in Bavaria; in the following years, he constantly tried without success to exchange the ducal lands of Bavaria for the Austrian Netherlands and a royal crown, and he never managed to control the mounting social tensions in Bavaria.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Karl_Theodor (415 words)

	Holy Roman Empire elector
		In the Holy Roman Empire, the electors or electoral princes (the German term is Kurfürst, with the plural Kurfürsten) had the function of electing the king of Germany preparatory to his accession as the next emperor, though until the 12th century they often merely formalized what was in fact a dynastic succession.
		In 1623, the Elector Palatine Frederick V was banned for his involvement with the revolt of Bohemia, and his electorate was given to the Duke of Bavaria (Maximilian I), who became known as the Elector of Bavaria.
		The Archbishops of Trier and Cologne were eliminated, and Karl Theodor von Dalberg[?], the Archbishop of Mainz, was moved to Regensburg and given the title of Prince-Primate of the Empire.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ku/Kurfuersten___Electors.html (963 words)

	Palatinate
		In the Golden Bull of 1356, the Palatinate was made one of the secular electorates, and given the hereditary offices of Archsteward of the Empire and Imperial Vicar of the western half of Germany.
		When the senior branch of the family died out in 1559, the Electorate passed to Frederick III of Simmern, a staunch Calvinist, and the Palatinate became one of the major centers of Calvinism in Europe, supporting Calvinist rebellions in both the Netherlands and France.
		The childless Karl Theodor also inherited Bavaria when its electoral line became extinct in 1777, and all the Wittelsbach lands save Zweibrücken on the French border (whose Duke was, in fact, Karl Theodor's presumptive heir) were now under a single rule.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pa/Palatinate.html (668 words)

	Titles of European hereditary rulers
		In 1180, the Roman Emperor Frederick I deposed the rebellious Henry XII "the Lion" (+1195), Duke of Bavaria and Saxony, and bestowed the Duchy of Bavaria to Otto of Wittelsbach (+1183).
		Emperor Frederick I deposed the rebellious Henry XII "the Lion" (+1195), Duke of Bavaria and Saxony, and bestowed the Duchy of Bavaria to Otto of Wittelsbach (+1183) (1180).
		Charles-Theodor (+1799), Elector of the Palatinate, inherited Bavaria (1777).
	www.geocities.com /eurprin/bavaria.html (4035 words)

	Congress of Ems
		Pius VI erected this nunciature upon the urgent request of the Elector of Bavaria, who was loath to have parts of his territory under the spiritual jurisdiction of bishops who, being electors like himself, were rather his equals than his subordinates.
		The Elector of Bavaria likewise remained a zealous defender of the pope and his nuncio at Munich, and even the Protestant King Frederick II of Prussia was an opponent of the "Punctation" and favoured the nuncio Pacca at Cologne.
		He desired Karl Theodor von Dalberg as coadjutor, and, to obtain the consent of Rome, he withdrew, at least apparently, from the "Punctation" and obtained a renewal of his quinquennial faculties from Rome on 9 Aug., 1787.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/e/ems,congress_of.html (1082 words)

	Heidelberg • City of Heidelberg
		In 1720 religious conflicts with the citizens of Heidelberg caused the Prince Elector Carl Philipp to transfer his residence to Mannheim, where it remained until the Elector Karl Theodor became Elector of Bavaria in 1777 and established his court in Munich.
		Electors of the Palatinate from the Wittelsbach Dynasty, sovereigns with great political influence and small human foibles, had their residence here for five centuries.
		Karl Theodor — who gave Heidelberg the Old Bridge (Alte Brücke) and the Karl's Gate (Karlstor) — was unable to fulfill his plan of rebuilding the castle from its ruins, because he became Elector of Bavaria in 1777 and set up court in Munich.
	www.heidelberg.army.mil /sites/about/city.asp (1714 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Elector (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He fought in the Dutch War (1672-78) and in 1687 went to Bavaria, where he helped strengthen the new French alliance with the elector of Bavaria; he fought with the elector against the Ottomans at Mohács.
		Born in Prague, he was the son of Frederick the Winter King, elector palatine and king of Bohemia, and Elizabeth, daughter of James I of England.
		The rival candidate for the throne was the son of Augustus II, the elector of Saxony, who was supported by Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI Caus, Salomon de 1576-1626, French engineer and physicist, educated in England.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Elector&StartAt=31 (662 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty--Bavaria
		Kurfürst Karl Theodor, of the Palatine Wittelsbacher inherited the Bavarian throne.
		Kurfürst Max IV Joseph, a distant cousin of Kurfürst Karl Theodor, succeeded to the throne.
		Bavaria while Ludwig II wasstill king was swept up in the War against France and the unification of German under the Crown of Prussia.
	histclo.com /royal/gers/royal-bavaria.htm (2544 words)

	Wikinfo \| Maximilian I of Bavaria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He was carefully educated under the supervision of his uncle, Duke Christian IV of Zweibriicken, took service in 1777 as a colonel in the French army and rose rapidly to the rank of major-general.
		On April 1 1795 he succeeded his brother, Charles II, as duke of Zweibriicken, and on February 16 1799 became elector of Bavaria on the extinction of the Sulzbach line with the death of the elector Charles Theodore.
		At Vienna and afterwards Maximilian sturdily opposed any reconstitution of Germany which should endanger the independence of Bavaria, and it was his insistence on the principle of full sovereignty being left to the German reigning princes that largely contributed to the loose and weak organization of the new German Confederation.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Maximilian_I_of_Bavaria (1056 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Elector
		Albert Achilles, 1414-86, elector of Brandenburg (1470-86); third son of Elector Frederick I.
		John Frederick I 1503-54, elector (1532-47) and duke (1547-54) of Saxony; last elector of the Ernestine branch of the house of Wettin.
		Maximilian I 1573-1651, elector (1623-51) and duke (1597-1651) of Bavaria, one of the outstanding figures of the Thirty Years War and an ardent supporter of the Counter Reformation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Elector&StartAt=31 (614 words)

	HOASM: The Mannheim School
		During the second half of the 18th century Mannheim, as residence of Karl Theodor, was one of the most flourishing seats of the arts and sciences.
		The growing use of crescendo and diminuendo around the middle of the century was one symptom of a trend toward attaining variety within a movement by means of gradual transitions; Baroque movements had either kept to a uniform dynamic level or else introduced distinct contrasts, as in the concerto.
		Karl Philipp Stamitz was the elder son of Johann Stamitz, and the most popular among the Mannheim composers.
	www.hoasm.org /XIIA/XIIAMannheimSchool.html (501 words)

	Benjamin Thompson Summary
		In Bavaria, where his job was to oversee the boring of cannons at the Munich Arsenal, he noticed that the metal got so hot it had to be constantly cooled with water.
		In 1784 this freelance diplomat joined the court of Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria, and rapidly rose to become head of the ineffectual Bavarian Army.
		For his contributions to building up Bavaria's defensive strength, in 1793 he was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire and took the name "Count Rumford,"; since that was the original name of the New Hampshire town in which he had first taught school.
	www.bookrags.com /Benjamin_Thompson (7076 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for electors (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sophia, 1630-1714, electress of Hanover, consort of Elector Ernest Augustus.
		As adviser to Frederick IV, elector palatine, he sought to build a strong Protestant alliance against the Catholic states and achieved limited success with the formation (1608) of the Protestant Union.
		He became architect to Charles Albert, elector of Bavaria, and, when the latter became Emperor Charles VII (1742), was appointed architect to the imperial court.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=electors&StartAt=41 (684 words)

	Spymac.com :: Galleries :: Places :: Destinations :: Red Chamber (Rotes Zimmer) in Residenz in Munich (Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Maria Emanuel (1662 - 1726; elector of Bavaria 1679 - 1706 and 1714 - 1726), and Therese Kunigunde (1679 - 1730; Princess of Poland), the second wife of Elector Maxilian II.
		Philipp Theodor as Elector of Pfalz 1742 - 1799; and as Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria 1777 - 1799).
		From 1808 - 1918, it was the residence of the Kings of Bavaria.
	www.spymac.com /galleries/show_photo.php?picid=479880 (671 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for electors (Site not responding. Last check: )
		electors in the history of the Holy Roman Empire, the princes who had the right to elect the German kings or, more exactly, the kings of the Romans (Holy Roman emperors).
		electoral college in U.S. government, the body of electors that chooses the president and vice president.
		Louis IV or Louis the Bavarian, 1287?-1347, Holy Roman emperor (1328-47) and German king (1314-47), duke of Upper Bavaria.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=electors&StartAt=41 (539 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Bavaria, 1777-1799
		In 1795, Bavaria concluded a treaty of neutrality with France, permitting a French force to occupy the fortress of Mannheim.
		Charles Theodor simultaneously was Duke-Elector of Bavaria and Kurpfalz, Duke of Pfalz-Neuburg, Pfalz-Sulzbach, Jülich and Berg.
		During Charles Theodor's rule, the Illuminates, a branch of the Masonic movement, founded in Ingolstadt/Bavaria in 1776, spread; the Illuminates opposed Charles Theodor, who in turn banned the movement in 1785.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/germany/bavaria17771799.html (706 words)

	Karl Theodor Elector Of Bavaria \| Talk Frederick William Elector Of Brandenburg (Site not responding. Last check: )
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	ddfv.info /karl-theodor-elector-of-bavaria.htm (412 words)

	A Bavarian Illuminati Primer
		Adam Weishaupt founded the Illuminati of Bavaria on May 1, 1776 on the principles of his early training as a Jesuit.
		But it cannot be denied, that in the process of time abuses had crept into the Institution and that by the influence of unworthy men, the system became corrupted; yet the course accusations of Barruel and Robison are known to be exaggerated, and some of them altogether false....
		The Edicts [on June 22, 1784, for its suppression] of the Elector of Bavaria [Duke Karl Theodor] were repeated in March and August, 1785 and the Order began to decline, so that by the end of the eighteenth century it had ceased to exist....
	freemasonry.bcy.ca /texts/illuminati.html (3561 words)

	Lauser Notes
		The historical Electoral Palatinate was a much larger territory than that which later became known as the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), on the left bank of the Rhine.
		In 1619 Elector Frederick V (the "Winter King") (the son-in-law of King James I of England) accepted the throne of Bohemia from rebellious Protestant noblemen.
		The area remained a part of Bavaria until after the Second World War, when it was separated and became a part of the new state of Rhineland-Palatinate, along with former left bank territories of Prussia and Hessen-Darmstadt.
	www.ortlauserfamilies.org /lauser_notes.htm (862 words)

	Gatorsports.com :: 100 years of Gator Football
		During a later division of territory among the heirs of Duke Louis II of Upper Bavaria in 1294, the elder branch of the Wittelsbachs came into possession of both the Rhenish Palatinate and the territories in the Bavarian "Nordgau" (Bavaria north of the Danube river) with the centre around the town of Amberg.
		In the Golden Bull of 1356, the Palatinate was recognized as one of the secular electorates, and given the hereditary offices of Archsteward (ErztruchseÃ) of the Empire and Imperial Vicar (Reichsverweser) of the western half of Germany.
		In 1619 Elector Frederick V (the "Winter King") (the son-in-law of King James I of England) accepted the throne of Bohemia from the Bohemian estates.
	www.gatorsports.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?template=wiki&text=Palatinate (1177 words)

	Amazon.com: "Karl Theodor": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		By the 1790s, however, the building had become so dilapidated that Karl Theodor, yielding to popular pressure, put the Opera Haus at the disposal of the public for plays of this nature...
		1799-1825 Bavaria is ruled by Maximilian IV Joseph from the...
		Karl Theodor, the Elector of Bavaria, was an old-style ruler who was looking for a scientist to ornament his court, and, when...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Karl-Theodor (617 words)

	RESCUING THE MANNHEIM MUSIC - New York Times
		During those years of Karl Theodor von Sulzbach's rule as Elector Palatine, the Mannheim court orchestra was famous throughout Europe for its unprecedented virtuosity and brilliance.
		While it may not be historically correct to say that the modern symphony orchestra was actually born in mid-18th-century Mannheim, that city was the scene of extraordinary changes in orchestral technique and compositional styles, developments that were to affect the course of musical history.
		The innovations of the Mannheim musicians would probably not have been possible without the generosity of Elector Karl Theodor, a music-loving prince who poured millions of gulden into the expansion and upkeep of his proud cultural possession - when he became Elector of Bavaria in 1778, most of his musicians moved with him to Munich.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9D04EEDA133BF93BA35751C0A967948260&sec=&pagewanted=print (648 words)

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