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Topic: Kars Province

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	Kars - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kars is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of the Kars Province, formerly at the head of a sanjak in the Turkish vilayet of Erzurum.
		Later on, Kars was captured and destroyed by the Seljuk Turks, by the Mongols in the 13th century, and by Timur (Tamerlane) in 1387.
		Kars Kalesi, the citadel atop a plateau overlooking Kars, appears to have been built by Ottoman Sultan Murad III during the war with Persia, at the close of the 16th century.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Kars (654 words)

	Kars Province - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kars is a province of Turkey, and is located in the northeastern part of the country, next to the border with Armenia.
		The province was once under the administration of the Democratic Republic of Armenia as the Vanand province (with the city of Kars as its capital).
		Under Armenia, the area of the present Kars province was administered as the Vanand province with the city of Kars as its capital.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kars_Province (153 words)

	Kars - East Turkey - Azerb.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kars is situated at the junction of a plain and a mountain, at an altitude of 1750m in a sea of dry grass swept by the wind.
		Kars was the capital of Bagatrid Kingdom, an Armenian state of the 9th and 10th centuries.
		It suceeded to Kars in 961 as capital of the Bagatrid kingdom.
	geo.ya.com /travelimages/az-kars.html (1711 words)

	Kars
		It is the capital of Kars province with 350,000 inhabitants (2004 estimate).
		Kars is the economic and administrative centre of a vast but fairly thinly populated region.
		The main attraction among Kars' historical buildings is the Church of the Apostles built in the 930's by the Armenian king Abbas 1.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/kars.htm (372 words)

	Kars - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Kars
		It was taken by the Seljuk Turks in the mid-11th and the Georgians in the early 13th centuries.
		Kars had reverted to Turkey by peace treaty on previous occasions, but was ceded to Russia after the 1878 Congress of Berlin.
		The province and town were returned to Turkey after World War I, and a treaty between Turkey and the Soviet Union signed in Kars in 1921.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Kars (389 words)

	Armenian Architecture - VirtualANI - A History of the City of Kars
		For a short time (928-961) Kars was the capital of the Armenian Bagratid kingdom and it was during this time that the Cathedral, now known as the Church of the Apostles, was built.
		Kars became a strategic and heavily fortified border town protecting the Turkish empire's eastern frontier and the road to Erzurum.
		The recapture of Kars was a key military objective for Turkey during the early months of the First World War, but their invading army was heavily defeated at the battle of Sarikamish.
	www.virtualani.org /kars/index.htm (1441 words)

	Kars, Turkey
		The Old Kars was founded around the Kars Citadel, located on a hill to the north, and the core of it is formed by the Kaleici District.
		The historical Kars Citadel, the symbol of the city, was constructed by Saltukoglu Izzeddin Han in 1152.
		Sarikamis, a county of Kars Province, is surrounded by forests and known for its natural beauties.
	www.enjoyturkey.com /info/sights/kars.htm (410 words)

	Kars, Turkey-Adiyamanli.org
		Kars is situated on a plateau 5,740 feet (1,750 m) above sea level on the Kars River, a tributary of the Aras River, near the border with Armenia.
		Kars is important as a center for trade in livestock and is also noted for its cheese.
		The province, famous in Turkish history, lies at the foot of a magnificent fortress, the Kars Kalesi from the 12thcentury.
	www.adiyamanli.org /kars.html (841 words)

	Ivan G. Samarin - The Great Molokan Communicator
		The subject of this sketch was born in February 1857 in the village of Mikhailovka, Kazasch district, Elizavetpol province, Russia (present-day Azerbaijzan).
		Then, having improved his ability to read and write at the office of the Justice of the Peace and the Police Commissioner, he was charged, in addition to his regular duties, with the compilation of charts showing the number of livestock at the neighbouring villages.
		In 1879 and 1881, Samarin petitioned the authorities for permission for the Molokans to move to Kars and Transcaspian provinces, and he made arrangements for seed grain to be advanced to them.
	www.doukhobor.org /Samarin.htm (1723 words)

	Kars, Turkey
		The high steppes of Kars and Ardahan, (up to 2,500m/8,200ft) are dominated in places by volcanoes and divided into four sections by deep hollows.
		In one of these valleys between the Ardahan and Kars Yaylasi lies the provincial capital of Kars, which was settled by Turks before 130 B.C., but there are many reminders particularly in the architecture of the period of Russian domination before the First World War.
		The Kars and Ardahan region belonged to Russia in 1807, 1854-1856 (Crimean War) and again from 1873 to 1921.
	www.planetware.com /turkey/kars-tr-kar-kr.htm (414 words)

	Kars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Armenian civilians fleeing Kars after being forced to leave their homes circa 1920-1921.
		Kars Mayor Naif Alibeyoğlu, believes that the border should be opened again and that there should be no nationalist sentiment against the Armenians.
		As a city at the juncture of Armenian, Caucasian, Russian, and Turkish cultures, the buildings of Kars come in a variety of architectures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kars (1116 words)

	The Russo-turkish Frontier - Kurds And Armenians
		The northern half of the Province of Kars consists of a mountainous frontier country known as the Olti District, which has an exclusively Kurdish population.
		Their plans were then defeated by the dispatch of a British brigade from Tiflis to Kars and the arrest of the Moslem Parliament, or 'Shura', which the Tartar population had set up there, with the object of establishing a new and independent Moslem Republic.
		The arrival of this British brigade was followed by the announcement that Kars Province had been allotted by the Supreme Council of the Allies to the Armenians, and that announcement having been made, the British troops were then completely withdrawn, and Armenian occupation commenced.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles38/near-east-12.shtml (3104 words)

	Nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kars, the principal city in the eastern border region of this area, has always been a target for invaders from the east and northeast.
		Kars defended the approaches to Erzerum--just as Erzerum was the key to the rest of Anatolia.
		It is also well remembered that as recently as 1914, the blood of 75,000 dead Turkish soldiers, as well as Russian troops, stained the snowy slopes of SarIkamIs, a major regional town where a terrible battle was fought in that year.
	www.turkishdogs.com /kars/kars_nomenclature.html (329 words)

	Igdir, Turkey - Mersina: Information about Turkey
		The province of Igdir lies as a fertile plain between two lofty locations, in Eastern Anatolia.
		In the northwest, at a distance of 180 kms extends the high plateau of Kars province which previously comprised this district inside its borders.
		Olive groves cover this area, and the dove, which allegedly brought an olive branch to Noah, is believed to have taken it from this wide grove.
	www.mersina.com /Turkey/E_Anatolia/Igdir/index.html (146 words)

	KARS - Online Information article about KARS
		province of Kars, formerly at the See also:
		The fortress was again stormed by the Russians in the war of 1877–78, and on its conclusion was transferred to See also:
		London, '856); and Narrative of the Defence of Kars (London, 1857) ; Dr Sandwith, Narrative of the Siege of Kars (London, I856); C. See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /JUN_KHA/KARS.html (546 words)

	Ardahan, Turkey - Mersina: Information about Turkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ardahan, which was previously the town of the province of Kars, 101 kms northeast, is a new province of Turkey.
		Standing on flatland, this little city is a lovely spot with beautiful natural surroundings, and it has been the home of many civilizations dating far back to antiquity.
		It is possible to find reminders of Ardahan's past everywhere over the land, the most important monumental figure feature being the ancient fortress (Ardahan Kalesi), which carries the same name as this historical city.
	www.mersina.com /Turkey/E_Anatolia/Ardahan (82 words)

	Kars and Ani and some Hopa Photo Gallery by Dick Osseman at pbase.com
		Kars is a city in the far Eastern part of Turkey, near the border with Armenia.
		I show some pictures of Kars, some of Ani, and some of Hopa, which is actually on the Black Sea coast, the last stop before Georgia.
		Kars and Ani they were former Armenian cities.There were meny other churches and monasters but now unforunatelly they are destroyed or converted into mosques.I think civilisation can be called a civilisation only if has respect in confront of other civilisations.
	www.pbase.com /dosseman/kars (1630 words)

	Ethnologue: Turkey
		East central, mainly in Elazig, Bingol, and Diyarbakir provinces, upper courses of the Euphrates, Kizilirmaq, and Murat rivers.
		The majority are in the provinces of Hakkari, Siirt, Mardin, Agri, Diyarbakir, Bitlis, Bingol, Van, Adiyaman, and Mus.
		Rize in northeast, towns of Kemer, Atin, Artasen, Vitse, Arkab, Hopa, Sarp; and villages in Artvin, Sakarya, Kocaeli, and Bolu provinces.
	www.christusrex.org /www3/ethno/Turk.html (1899 words)

	Toprak Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ardahan, a lovely new city, which was previously the town of the province of Kars, 101 km northeast, is a new province of Türkiye.
		Sarikamis (53 km southwest of Kars) is a ski center with resort hotels, set in a scenic pine forest.
		In the lake, the man-made Akcakale Island was reputedly constructed with the labor of thousands; a temple with Urartian inscriptions remains.
	web.deu.edu.tr /atiksu/turkiye/ardahan.html (256 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - When Ottomans Ruled the Earth, part 2
		Kars falls in February 1522, and thanks to the additional leverage, the Empire gains Azerbaijan and Kurdistan in peace negotiations.
		The defenders in the capital province of Sochi meet a similar fate in October, but then General Euldj Ali comes face-to-face with a different kind of opponent: the Georgian winter.
		His minimum goal is to conquer the Hungarian provinces of Croatia and Serbia to give the Empire a good position for a future attack on the Austrian gold mines in Styria.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=174 (4644 words)

	Kars
		Castle, later a city in the Vanand canton of the Ayrarat province in Armenia (present day northeast Turkey, on the Kars River).
		Considered inaccessible during the reign of Sembat I, Kars served as a royal treasury.
		In 961, Kars became Kingdom, as the Prince Mushegh Bagradouni previously appointed as ruler of Kars by the King Ashot III, proclaimed himself King of Kars.
	www.armenianhistory.info /kars.htm (101 words)

	SARIKAMIŞ HAKKINDA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It is a charming district of the province of Kars in the Erzurum-Kars division of the Eastern Anatolia region.
		The most important streams are Kars Creek flowing down the Soğanlı Mountains and Aras River passing through Karakurt subdistrict.
		Most of the local dances of Kars are performed by boys and girls together.
	www.camkar.com /engsarikamis2.htm (586 words)

	Ardahan Weather Forecast Reports in Ardahan Turkey
		Ardahan Province is one of the 81 provinces of Turkey, situated in the far north-east of the country, on the border with Georgia and Armenia.
		Neighbouring provinces are Artvin to the west, Erzurum to the southwest, and Kars to the south.
		The province covers an area of 5,576 km² and has a population of 121,616 (2005).
	www.turkeyforecast.com /weather/ardahan (87 words)

	Ani, Turkey
		Only on its north side is the plateau linked to the surrounding tableland; secured against attack from this direction by walls, it is hard to imagine a more strategic site for a medieval town.
		Although a special pass was formerly needed for visiting the ruined town, since 1991 regulations have been relaxed somewhat.
		Because the site is right on the Armenian frontier (the Arpa Çayi forms the actual boundary) the use of cameras may be forbidden depending on the political situation at the time.
	www.planetware.com /turkey/ani-tr-kar-an.htm (784 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - Kars People To Open Case For The Closure Of Armenian Nuclear Plant
		Mayor of Turkey's Kars province announced on Monday that Kars municipality will open an international case for the closure of Armenia's Metsamor Nuclear Plant claiming that it casts danger for the region which is on the fault line, Turkish Daily News reports.
		After the statements of an academician from Ferrara University on the dangers of the plant who visited the region last week, Kars municipality and council decided to open a case for the closure of the plant.
		Alibeyoglu said Turkish and Armenian people will face a big danger in the case of a possible earthquake, because of this outdated plant, that was established in the 1970s.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=2377 (478 words)

	GUIDE TO NORTH EASTERN TURKISH PILE RUGS
		Not far from the Soviet and Iran frontiers lies Kars the capital of the large Kars province north of Lake Van in the farthest north east end of Turkey.
		In the 9th and 10th centuries AD Kars was the capital of an Armenian principality.
		The Kars Kazaks rugs can be separated from the Caucasian Kazaks because of their subdued dyes and the extensive use of rugged dark brown wool, and in the typical Kurdish ones the plaited and braiding ends.
	www.spongobongo.com /dddr30.htm (1297 words)

	AYF.ORG / Website of the AYF-YOARF, Eastern Region USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		By the XVIII th century Ani truly turned out to be an abandoned "ghost city" and it remains so to this day a "ghost city" as the Turks now like to call Ani.
		In 1878 A.D. the Russian army and Armenian volunteer units liberated the Kars province from the Turks along with the semi ruined Ani, which by this time became a symbol of glorious past of Armenia, the time when Ani was the trading center, where East met West.
		In 1919 the province of Kars with the great city of Ani was restored to Armenia, forming part of newly formed independent Republic of Armenia, only to be invaded and annexed by the Turks one year later which still remains in such status to this day.
	www.ayf.org /fom/april_99_ani/greatcity8.shtml (383 words)

	ARMENIAN HIGHLAND
		The history of this great city began in a more distant place, quite afar from the location on the left bank of the Arax river in a close proximity to the city of Kars.
		THE REMNANTS OF Under the rule of the increasingly growing power of the Bagratids, who by the late IXth century had liberated Armenia from Caliphate's rule and restored the Armenian Monarchy, Ani became an expanding and growing city.
		Merchants and craftsmen flocked to Ani from old cities such as Dvin and Kars, which during this period had to secede their supremacy to Ani.
	www.armenianhighland.com /ani/chronicle253.html (861 words)

	ReadLiterature.Com - A Burnt-Out Case
		Kar means Snow in Turkish and coincidentally there is a town called Kars.
		His discovery that God is the hidden symmetry in the universe, as symbolized by the hidden symmetry of the snowflake, is all an illusion.
		The result is a strange mix of over-detailed reporting on the events and circumstances in Kars during the snow storm and very generalized, almost philosophical commentary on love, poetry, happiness in which the character Ka is embedded.
	www.readliterature.com /BC_snowOP.htm (7809 words)

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