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Topic: Karstic

In the News (Sat 22 Nov 08)

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	Karstic zones in Piemonte
		The karstic phenomenon that interests the karstic lands is in fact characterized by a barrel landscape, different forms of superficial corrosion (furrowed fields, dolines, etc), absence of water circulation in surface that instead exercise their corrosive and erosive action deeply, digging cavities and abysses.
		The karstic landscape shows hilly reliefs separated by usually dry torrential furrows, and stony and barren tops; the morphologies more typical are constituted by dry valleys and closed depressions, formed frequently by several associated basins, and by series of plateaus, with little marked slope, and strongly absorption, without superficial flowing waters.
		The massif of the Marguareis, and its continuation towards east (Tanaro Valley) is situated, geographically, in the Ligurian Alps, to the border between the Piemonte and Liguria italian regions and the France; it represents the oriental extremity of the mountainous chain of the Argentera-Mercantour.
	digilander.libero.it /enrlana/e_piemonte.htm (2151 words)

	Karstic caves in prehistoric Apulia - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
		The Grotta dei Cervi is of karstic origin and contains the largest as well as the most important set of paintings from the European Neolithic, thanks to the hundreds of pictures painted on the walls of its galleries and in the many chambers it is composed of.
		Their distribution shows that the different sections of the cave were intended for different purposes, bears testimony to the use of the cave as a place of worship, and is an outstanding example of the spiritual sphere of the populations from the Neolithic Age.
		The karstic caves of prehistoric Apulia are absolutely authentic properties since their peculiarities and morphology allow ruling out any interventions aimed at restoring and/or replacing the relevant findings.
	whc.unesco.org /en/tentativelists/5011 (873 words)

	Groundwaters in Hungary
		Karstic formations are covered by geological formations of low conductivity at many sites also in the hilly regions while at the margins of such territories the karstic reservoir may be covered with clastic sediments of large (sometimes several km) thickness, generally impermeable, lying directly above the karstic formations.
		In determining the age of karstic water the use of tracers is a widespread method: this means giving various paints and tracers to the water when disappearing in the sinkholes and observing their appearance at the springs.
		The largest decrease can be observed in the abstraction of karstic water: the abstraction has fallen to one third of the volume abstracted in the 80s because of the decrease of the former large abstractions of mining industry in the early 90s and because of closing up the relevant mines.
	www.kvvm.hu /szakmai/karmentes/kiadvanyok/fav/fava/fava02.htm (4282 words)

	Virginia Karst Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The country's karstic groundwater problems are accelerated with the advent of (1) expanding urbanization, (2) misuse and improper disposal of environmentally hazardous chemicals, (3) shortage of suitable repositories for toxic waste (both household and industrial), and (4) ineffective public
		In fact, stresses induced by mankind in karstic terrane result in environmental problems that are much more acute than those that would occur in terranes underlain by other types of rock.Much of karstlands of the United States lies in rural regions where environmental impacts are generally limited to those imposed by agricultural practices and highways.
		Karstic terrane, particularly that of moderate to high sinkhole density, thus imposes constraints on land use.
	www.dcr.virginia.gov /dnh/vcbsinkholes.htm (1336 words)

	Sustainable Mountain Management: A Case Study from the Malatya Mountains, Se Taurus
		Karstic lands are the main occurrence areas of oak forest.
		Soil formation in the karstic lands is mainly determined by the limestone purity, situation of the cracks and the inclination of the beds.
		Soil material in the karstic land is of clay which is the main remaining material after the removal of calcium carbonate.
	www.toprak.org.tr /isd/can_24.htm (2635 words)

	Speleogenesis.info :: International journals on karst and cave science
		Most part of the karstic underground galleries are permanently filled with water: on the sides of the galleries former water table levels are indicated by numerous calcareous sinters.
		Dating of the three conspicuous calcareous levels in the cave and that of the surface basaltic mesa, to be established a few kilometres from the cave enable a chronology the stages of karstic evolution.
		The current karstic denudation rate is about 3 mm/Ky. The geomorphological evolution of surface and sub-surface landforms during the Quaternary is shown and deduced from the processes which have led to breccia formations in calcareous rocks.
	www.speleogenesis.info /partners/issue.php?issue_id=10 (1451 words)

	volume_4_3-4.htm
		During the evolution of a karstic network, it is not just the simple transition from a young stage to a senile stage in terms of topography: mountains continue to uplift, rocks fracture, earthquakes take place, climates change.
		These factors have controlled the multiphased karstic evolution in relation to successive reduction of the base level and are responsible incision and widening of the valleys.
		Karstic phenomena are generally visible on the Ognon river fault system across the Triassic and Jurassic limestones with sometimes some dissolution disorder inside anhydritic marls.
	www.ulg.ac.be /geolsed/GB/volume_4_3-4.htm (2481 words)

	karst these nathalie vanara (anglais)
		The karstic relief itself is remarkable for its high degree of evolution discernable in the fullness of figures.
		The drainage basins of karstic systems of Arbailles are difficult to delimitate because of their complex geologic structure.
		Karstic waters are very sensitive to equipment as shown by the increasing turbidity of some sources.
	www.karstologie.com /these-karst-vanara-anglais.html (1633 words)

	UMR UTC Research: Completed Report R50/R-5-38061
		On the basis of this correlation and knowledge of karstic processes, the sub-pavement voids were attributed mostly to the piping of fine-grained soil into the westernmost karstic sinkhole.
		These subsidence features and sub-pavement voids were attributed to karst-related activity, as karstic sinkholes are prevalent in the surrounding area and the runoff waters that flow into the tunnel, drain rapidly through the fractured concrete floor.
		The gradual, but continual and visually-detectable subsidence in areas bordering the paved roadway in the study area and the sub-pavement voids, are attributed to the upward-propagating, piping-removal of embankment soil (i.e., washout of the fine-grained fraction of the embankment fill) through this sinkhole.
	campus.umr.edu /utc/research/r050/cr/index.htm (2423 words)

	part32
		It is well known that groundwaters in karstic terrains are very vulnerable to external pollution, not only because of low autopurification properties of karstic aquifers, but also of fact that underground collector (fracture) networks, although of limited extension, are able to drain very large catchment areas with disseminated and concentrated polluters.
		In that sense, environmental impact of polluters into the karstic aquifers should be based on studying geological structures and their hydrogeological conditions and dynamic processes, caused by groundwater circulation beginning from precipitation and surface flows within catchment areas to different discharges of spring zones.
		In karstic terrains of the Carpathian-Balkan mountain the apparent velocities of groundwater flows range from 22.20 to 0.45 cm/s, with an average of 6.31 cm/s.
	www.glnet.edu.cn /IGCP379/1997/part32.htm (2479 words)

	Research - Carol M. Wicks - Department of Geological Sciences-University of Missouri-Columbia
		Predicting the response of karstic basins to recharge events involves two components: understanding and predicting the spatially and temporally variable recharge to the basins and understanding and predicting how water and solutes are transported through the basins.
		Recharge to karstic basins occurs through seepage through the unsaturated zone (a distributed source), through seepage through the bottoms of losing streams (a line source), and through swallets where stream flow directly into cave systems.
		However understanding recharge to karstic basins is an important step in being able to predict groundwater flow through these basins.
	web.missouri.edu /~wicksc/research.html (620 words)

	Recursos Hídricos y Geología Ambiental
		Impact of quarrying gypsum in a semidesert karstic area (Sorbas, SE Spain).
		The role of Western Mediterranea tectonic evolution in the geometry of a karstic domain in the Betic Cordilleras (Sierra Gorda, Spain): importance of a tardy extensional regime.
		Study of Hydrographs of Karstic Aquifers by means of correlation and cross-spectral analysis.
	www.ual.es /GruposInv/RecHid/publicaciones.htm (868 words)

	Research - Carol M. Wicks - Department of Geological Sciences-University of Missouri-Columbia
		The Karst Research group is investigating the relation between rainfall intensity, duration, and magnitude and the frequency, duration, and magnitude of scour events in Springfield Plateau basins.
		Predicting the response of karstic basins to recharge events involves two components: understanding and predicting the spatially and temporally variable recharge to the basins and understanding and predicting how water and solutes are transported through the basins.
		Recharge to karstic basins occurs through seepage through the unsaturated zone (a distributed source), through seepage through the bottoms of losing streams (a line source), and through swallets where stream flow directly into cave systems.
	www.missouri.edu /~geosccw/research.html (620 words)

	Shared Spaces - Feedback
		Karstic areas in Molise are used for cattle grazing and low-intensity agriculture, the latter of which involves manure spreading.
		Italian partners focusing on pasture land-use in karstic areas), and bringing these together will contribute to a detailed DSS that can be used in all countries.
		In addition, the positive results of the previous KATER project have shown that interdisciplinary co-operation is critical to environmental protection in karstic areas.
	www2.vrom.nl /pagina.html?id=9139 (2358 words)

	Karstic Caves
		To date over 6,500 such caves have been explored in Slovenia and there are probably as many which are, as yet, unexplored.
		A complex of subterranean rivers with a dense network of tunnels, labyrinths and huge spaelean halls, most of which are adorned by stalactites and stalagmites and other wondrous forms of sinter and subterranean karstic ornamentation have, over hundreds of thousands of years, steadily been created beneath the land's surface.
		Slovenia's most renowned and internationally acclaimed subterranean wonder is the enormous Postojna Cave which, over the past two million years, has been carved out by the Pivka river.
	www.uvi.si /eng/slovenia/background-information/waters/karst (384 words)

	Water Research Institute
		At this time karst center has three groups that named modeling group, exploration group and karstic reservoir study group.
		NKC (National Karst Center) in relation to develop applied research in karst and hard rock and also to transfer new technology are cooperating with international karst centers of Turkey, Austria, Slovenia, Check Republic, International Atomic Agency, International Association of Hydrologists and Unesco.
		Performance of research and applied studies of karst region and presentation of code of practice, technical specification as required by the regional water authorities.
	www.wri.ac.ir /english/karst (362 words)

	Land of contrasts offers unique experience
		The south and southwest have a very interesting geological structure with a number of karstic mountains.
		Karstic mountains, countless waterfalls and plants make the place look like a long lost world in a Hollywood movie.
		Under subtropical climates, karstic mountains and hills come to be shaped as cones.Karst, lime, caves, and underground worlds are what south-west Guizhou landscape is all about.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /citylife/2006-10/08/content_703256.htm (614 words)

	Managing water supply resources in karstic environment (temperate climate)
		Throughout history, karstic aquifers have had an important role in urban development around the Mediterranean and especially in areas with insufficient surface water resources.
		Specifically, the two main aqueducts, the Peisistratean and the Hadrianian, conveyed water from karstic springs at foothills of surrounding mountains, whereas porous aquifers were exploited by an extended network of wells.
		Thus, karstic water was crucial to enhance the Athens water supply system during the recent drought period (1988-1994).
	www.itia.ntua.gr /e/docinfo/718 (407 words)

	SIGEP- Geotope 015 - THE LAGOA SANTA KARST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Most of the karstic area localizes between the Velhas river (to the East) and the Mata stream (to the West-Southwest) and is limited to the South-Southwest by the granitic-gneissic terrains of the crystalline bedrock.
		The main morfogenetic domains in this karstic region are defined by two physiographic features described by Auler (1994) in the center-southern portion of the area: the Karstic Plateau and the Mocambeiro Depression, with elevations ranging from 650m (the Mocambeiro plain and Sumidouro locality) to 900m (Ferradores elevation).
		The Karstic Plateau is a region of great hydric dynamics of capture and transmission of the pluvial waters towards the local base-levels.
	www.unb.br /ig/sigep/sitio015/sitio015english.htm (7707 words)

	GEOMORFOLOGIA OF CAVES AREAS
		The landscape is ruined, pitted, mostly in blind valleys where we can see the macro-forms (colines, stone towers, needles and archs, great vertical walls, canyons, sinks and resurgences of rivers, grottoes and abysses), and the micro-forms (lapies and speleothems).
		To this singular relief is given the name KARST which means originally “field od calcareous stones” and the group of macro and microforms are known as “karstic features”.
		This factor is considered the principal form of action to the formation of karstic relief and it may be understood through two simplified equations:
	www.espiritodaterra.com.br /cave3.htm (987 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The overriding goal of our project is challenging a wide cultural dialogue on an international level about the karstic phenomenon in conglomerates, phenomenon that materialises in the concreting of pebbles and thinner material and makes the land acquire a peculiar lie depending on the different areas, originating unique morphological and landscape settings.
		The final touring exhibition aims at being the ultimate means of comparison of the different expression forms shaped by the students of the particpipating countries, who are in first person the authors of the educational tools representing landscape chenges in the course of time.
		Why karstic conglomerate landscapes The karstic phenomenon unites very few landscapes in Europe, which represent, due to their fragility, precious laboratories in miniature where it is possible to learn many lessons about human behaviour eco-sustainability.
	www.mk.gov.pl /pkk/doc/Karstic.doc (882 words)

	Karstic Features of Gachsaran Evaporites in the Region of Ramhormoz, Khuzestan Province, in Southwest Iran
		Karst and karstic features are a common and well-developed phenomenon that can be seen extensively in the Iranian Plateau, especially in the Zagros Mountains.
		Most of the karstic features such as sink holes, springs and cavities are related to the geologic structures.
		This study was the first attempt to define karstification in the Gachsaran Formation with regard to its impact on the quality of surface and ground waters and to its limiting factors.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0528069 (364 words)

	Lagoon Edge
		Additionally, dissolved carbon dioxide gas is being released from the fresh water at that point, and may be participating in chemical reactions at the edge of the karstic shelf.
		We extracted core samples along the shoreline of the Muyil lagoon, and to the east of Structure 10H-1 near the base of the edge of the karstic shelf.
		Similar core samples to bedrock taken near test pit 29 along a line from the slope of the karstic shelf down to the soil at water level first produced a thin 3-15-cm thick cap of humus, and then an underlying yellow-white limestone mud indistinguishable from that at the lagoon edge 500 m to the east.
	muyil.smv.org /lagoon_edge.htm (489 words)

	contact
		The Karstic gorges are devised in two categories on the genesis criterion: gorges dug by surface waters that deepened their bed progressively and gorges that appeared out of ex-tunnel caves that crumbled.
		Barsa lies in the South of Balileasa and in the west of The Fortress Valley and is limited to the west by a crest which borders the Galbena Valley (the Cheile Jgheabului sector) and to the South by the slope of the Stone of Galbena.
		The Galbena Karstic Emergence is the resurgence of the subterranean river of the Fortress of Ponor, which collects in fact the greatest part of the water of the Padis-Fortress of Ponor closed basin.
	www.greenagenda.org /cet/padisen.htm (17644 words)

	Views of the National Parks
		Many enchanting caves and karstic areas are protected within the national park system, without proper management, however, the use of caves by humans can cause serious negative impacts upon cave and karst resources.
		The lack of surface water is characteristic of karst; most of the rain that falls on karstic landscapes drains into the ground rather than flows into surface streams.
		In undisturbed karstic areas, the capacity of a sinkhole drain is more or less in balance with long-term climate and can drain the water produced by most storms.
	www2.nature.nps.gov /views/KCs/CaveKarst/HTML/ET_Threats.htm (954 words)

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