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	Karl Kautsky
		Karl Kautsky has been rightly considered the successor of Engels in the intellectual leadership of the Marxian School.
		Kautsky was the compiler and editor of Karl Marx's Theories of Surplus Value (1905-10), the founder of Die Neue Zeit and a political leader of the German Social Democrats.
		As such, Kautsky served as the principal opponent of Eduard Bernstein's "revisionist" interpretation of Marx (1899), as a protagonist during the Socialist Calculation debate (1907), as well as an arbitrator during the intra-Marxian debate on the theory of crisis and the debate on imperialism.
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/profiles/kautsky.htm (234 words)

	The P.R. and the Renegade Kautsky
		Kautsky either rejects the assumption of state power by the working class altogether, or he concedes that the working class may take over the old, bourgeois state machine; but he will by no means concede that it must break it up, smash it, and replace it by a new, proletarian machine.
		Kautsky has concealed from his German readers the universally known fact (which only malignant Mensheviks now suppress) that the divergence between the Soviets and the "general state" (that is, bourgeois) institutions existed even under the rule of the Mensheviks, i.e., from the end of February to October 1917.
		Kautsky praises the Mensheviks for having insisted on maintaining the fighting efficiency of the army, and he blames the Bolsheviks for having added to "disorganization of the army," which was already disorganized enough as it was.
	www.marx2mao.com /Lenin/RK18.html (15968 words)

	KARL KAUTSKY
		Kautsky si ribellò in ogni modo a questa poco gratificante immagine di mero difensore dell’ortodossia marxista nella sua intatta originarietà.
		Kautsky nasce a Praga nel 1854: nel 1871, si iscrive all’Università di Vienna e abbraccia gli ideali del socialismo, anche sull’onda degli accadimenti politici (il ’71 è l’anno della Comune di Parigi).
		Secondo Kautsky, la futura rivoluzione sarà determinata, oltre che dal radicalizzarsi dei conflitti di classe, dall’incapacità di sopravvivere del capitalismo, che col prevalere del capitale finanziario e dei monopoli assume un atteggiamento sempre più aggressivo e autoritario, a tal punto da non poter più nemmeno accettare la conciliazione dei propri interessi col sistema democratico.
	www.filosofico.net /kautsky.htm (1647 words)

	Leon Trotsky’s Political Profiles: Karl Kautsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Kautsky was without doubt the most outstanding theoretician of the Second International and over the major part of his conscious life he represented and generalized the better sides of the Second International.
		Kautsky the propagandist and vulgarizer of Marxism saw his principal theoretical mission in reconciling reform and revolution.
		Kautsky tirelessly defended the revolutionary character of the doctrine of Marx and Engels although even here the initiative in rebutting the attempts of the revisionists belonged usually not to him but to the more decisive elements (Rosa Luxemburg, Plekhanov and Parvus).
	marxists.anu.edu.au /archive/trotsky/works/1940/profiles/kautsky.htm (1394 words)

	[No title]
		Kautsky refutes Bernstein in detail, but here is a characteristic thing: Bernstein, in his _Premises of Socialism_, of Herostratean fame, accuses Marxism of "Blanquism" (an accusation since repeated thousands of times by the opportunists and liberal bourgeoisie in Russia against the revolutionary Marxists, the Bolsheviks).
		Kautsky abandons Marxism for the opportunist camp, for this destruction of the state machine, which is utterly unacceptable to the opportunists, completely disappears from his argument, and he leaves a loophole for them in that "conquest" may be interpreted as the simple acquisition of a majority.
		Kautsky will have to achieve his beloved "unity" with the Scheidmanns, Plekhanovs, Potresovs, Tseretelis, and Chernovs, who are quite willing to work for the "shifting of the balance of forces within the state power", for "winning a majority in parliament", and "raising parliament to the ranks of master of the government".
	eserver.org /Govt/state-and-revolution/06.vulgarization-of-marxism.txt (4126 words)

	Karl Kautsky - Wikipedia w kroliki.com 07
		Kautsky dowodził, że w nowoczesnym kapitalizmie następuje koncentracja produkcji i centralizacja kapitału, względne zubożenie proletariatu i zaostrzenie sprzeczności klasowych oraz przybierają na sile tendencje do uwstecznienia demokratycznych form ustroju państwowego.
		Kautsky odrzucał koncepcję koalicji partii socjaldemokratycznej z liberałami.
		Po wybuchu wojny Kautsky początkowo przystał na głosowanie za kredytami wojennymi.
	www.kroliki.com /wiki/link-Karol_Kautsky (531 words)

	Paul Mattick: Karl Kautsky, De Marx a Hitler (1939)
		Kautsky aspirava a ésser un bon sirvent del marxisme; de fet, plaure Engels i Marx semblava ésser la seua professió vital.
		Kautsky escrigué el seu darrer llibre, com s’ha dit, «per determinar quina posició haurien de prendre els socialistes i els demòcrates en cas que esclatàs una nova guerra malgrat tota la nostra oposició».
		Kautsky és convençut que fins i tot sense una guerra el feixisme serà derrota, que l’ascens de la democràcia es repetirà, i que el nou període tornarà a un desenvolupament pacífic cap al socialisme, com el període anterior al feixisme.
	www2.cddc.vt.edu /marxists/catala/mattick/1939/xx/kautsky.htm (6287 words)

	Karl Kautsky Summary
		Kautsky was the author of much of the Erfurt program of 1891, strongly Marxist and revolutionary in tone, which was to remain the official program of the party throughout the imperial period, and he strongly resisted the revisionist tendencies associated with Bernstein that subsequently challenged many of the basic assumptions laid down at Erfurt.
		Kautsky did not believe that the contradictions of capitalism or the class consciousness of the workers were advanced enough for such tactics.
		Born in Prague, Karl Kautsky was studying history and philosophy at the University of Vienna in 1874, and became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) in 1875.
	www.bookrags.com /Karl_Kautsky (1411 words)

	Karl Kautsky
		The Kautskys were aware of the importance of these documents when they were alive, and made a habit of preserving any piece of paper that came to their attention, no matter if it was a one-line postcard, a visiting card, or a huge correspondence file.
		Thanks to their passion for preservation, the Kautskys have left an archive that now holds about 15,000 letters sent by 3,000 people, books of letters with copies of the Kautskys own letters, manuscripts of published and unpublished texts, and many files of family members.
		The Kautskys were truly internationalist in their way of living and orientation.
	www.iisg.nl /collections/kautsky.php (973 words)

	Lenin: Book Review: Karl Kautsky. Bernstein und das sozialdemokratische Programm. Eine Antikritik
		Kautsky points out that it is utterly absurd to regard two opposite, mutually exclusive theories suitable for different purposes (and, furthermore, Bernstein does not say for what purposes either of the two theories is suit able).
		Kautsky analyses the basic tendencies of contemporary economic development in particularly great detail in order to refute Bernstein’s opinion that this development is not proceeding in the direction indicated by Marx.
		Kautsky emphasises the point that the question is one of the direction, by and large, of development and by no means of particularities and superficial manifestations, which no theory can take into account in all their great variety.
	www.marx.org /archive/lenin/works/1899/dec/kautsky.htm (3373 words)

	Terrorism or Communism Chapter 4
		Kautsky, in spite of all the happenings in the world to-day, completely fails to realize what war is in general, and the civil war in particular.
		Kautsky, who, during the last two years, has covered mountains of paper with polemics against Communism and Terrorism, is obliged, at the end of his pamphlet, to recognize the facts, and unexpectedly to admit that the Russian Soviet Government is to-day the most important factor in the world revolution.
		Kautsky’s admission is an involuntary sanctioning of the methods of the Red Terror, and at the same time the most effective condemnation of his own critical concoction.
	www.gnostics.com /trotsky1.htm (7138 words)

	The State and Revolution — Chapter 6
		Kautsky did not say a word about the fact that Bernstein attributed to Marx the very opposite of Marx's real idea, that since 1852 Marx had formulated the task of the proletarian revolution as being to "smash" the state machine.
		Kautsky abandons Marxism for the opportunist camp, for this destruction of the state machine, which is utterly unacceptable to the opportunists, completely disappears from his argument, and he leaves a loophole for them in that "conquest" may be interpreted as the simple acquisition of a majority.
		Kautsky will have to achieve his beloved "unity" with the Scheidmanns, Plekhanovs, Potresovs, Tseretelis, and Chernovs, who are quite willing to work for the "shifting of the balance of forces within the state power", for "winning a majority in parliament", and "raising parliament to the ranks of master of the government".
	www.marxist.net /lenin/staterev/ch06.htm (4344 words)

	Leninism or Communism by Jean Barrot, a Wildcat Pamphlet
		Kautsky was unquestionably the major thinker of the Second International and his party, the German Social Democratic Party, the most powerful.
		Kautsky, the guardian of orthodoxy, was almost universally regarded as the most knowledgeable expert on the work of Marx and Engels arid their privileged interpreter.
		Kautsky's positions therefore bear witness to a whole era of the working class movement and are worth knowing if only for this.
	www.af-north.org /wildcat/Barrot.htm (3943 words)

	Alain Badiou ONE DIVIDES INTO TWO
		Kautsky, as behoves a declared partisan of the representative and parliamentary political regime, puts almost all the emphasis on the question of the right to vote.
		Had Kautsky said: I oppose the Russian Bolsheviks' decision to deny the right to vote to reactionaries and exploiters, he would have taken a stance on what Lenin calls an essentially Russian question, and not on the question of the dictatorship of the proletariat in general.
		Kautsky claimed to intervene on the question of the dictatorship of the proletariat in general, and of democracy in general.
	lacan.com /divide.htm (3655 words)

	Gary P Steenson
		Much of Kautsky's part in the debate was devoted to refuting Bernstein's objections to the fundamentals of Marxism-value theory, the dialectic, materialism, the class struggle-in fact, virtually everything that made it different from various forms of ethical socialism that were common in the nineteenth century.
		Kautsky and other critics of Bernstein were on the firmest ground when they rejected his call for the expansion of the party beyond the industrial working class.
		Anticipating Kautsky's later conclusions, she contended rather that what was needed was for Bernstein to recognize finally that in theory and practice he was not a socialist, but a petty-bourgeois radical.
	faculty.goucher.edu /history231/steenson.htm (9851 words)

	The "Renegade" Kautsky and his Disciple Lenin. \| libcom.org
		Part of the interest in discussing Kautsky's article was the fact that Lenin's much better known article The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism was based on it, and it therefore illuminated the relationship between Kautsky's and Lenin's conceptions of marxism and socialism.
		Kautsky, the guardian of orthodoxy, was almost universally regarded as the most knowledgeable expert on the work of Marx and Engels and their privileged interpreter.
		Kautsky's reply to this question formed the theoretical foundation of the practice and organisation of all the parties which made up the Second International.
	libcom.org /library/renegade-kautsky-disciple-lenin-dauve (3782 words)

	Karl Kautsky, The Materialist Conception of History
		Kautsky was the literary legatee of Marx and Engels, and the great systematiser of their work.
		Kautsky's negative attitude to Freud, for example (pp.58, 93, 106-7, 511), stands in marked contrast to Trotsky in Culture and Socialism, and readers of Lenin's Materialism and Empirio-criticism will be interested to learn that Kautsky placed far more value on Mach's work than Lenin did (p.31).
		Kautsky's book was published in 1927, in the middle of the palmy days of the `Roaring Twenties' and the Stresemann Era, and its trouble-free, evolutionary, unproblematic conception of gradual upward human progress seemed to be a reasonable assumption at the time.
	www.revolutionary-history.co.uk /backiss/Vol2/No2/Kautsky.html (761 words)

	kautsky.htm
		Als wir darauf hinwiesen, daß Kautsky auch das repräsentierte, was in der alten Arbeiterbewegung reaktionär war, war das in einem ganz spezifischen Sinn gemeint.
		Kautskys "Orthodoxie" war in Wahrheit nichts anderes als die künstliche Bewahrung von Ideen, die der aktuellen Praxis widersprachen und somit letztlich zum Rückzug gezwungen waren, da die Realität immer stärker ist als die Ideologie.
		Kautsky ist überzeugt, daß, auch ohne Krieg, der Faschismus besiegt werden wird, der Aufstieg der Demokratie sich fortsetzen und die Zeit für eine friedliche Entwicklung zum Sozialismus wiederkommen wird, wie in der Zeit vor dem Faschismus.
	www.geocities.com /sozialebefreiung/kautsky.html (5814 words)

	UW School of Music : Catherine Kautsky
		Kautsky is the winner of the Passamaneck Competition in Pittsburgh, the C. Jackson Master Award at Tanglewood, and the Association Amicale d'Ecole Normale de Musique de Paris Prize of the French Piano Institute in Paris.
		Kautsky has held a grant for the last two years to take her studio touring, performing community outreach concerts in collaboration with dancers, actors, and students from other disciplines.
		Kautsky holds a bachelor's degree from the New England Conservatory, a master's degree from the Juilliard School, and a doctoral degree in performance from the State University of New York at Stony Brook, where she studied under Gilbert Kalish.
	www.music.wisc.edu /faculty/facultybio.jsp?faculty_id=39 (578 words)

	The Proletarian Revolution And The Renegade Kautsky
		Nearly nine-tenths of Kautsky’s book is devoted to a general theoretical question of the utmost importance, the question of the relation between the dictatorship of the proletariat and “democracy”.
		Kautsky has renounced Marxism by forgetting that every state is a machine for the suppression of one class by another, and that the most democratic bourgeois republic is a machine for the oppression of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie.
		Kautsky has to admit that the Soviet form of organisation is of world-wide, and not only of Russian significance, that it is one of the “most important phenomena of our times”, and that it promises to acquire “decisive significance” in the future great “battles between capital and labour”.
	www.marxists.org /archive/lenin/works/1918/oct/10.htm (2319 words)

	Karl Kautsky
		In 1880 Kautsky moved to Zurich where he met and was influenced by the Marxist writer, Eduard Bernstein.
		Kautsky, like Eduard Bernstein, sided with the left-wing over Germany's participation in the First World War and in 1915 voted against war credits.
		Kautsky returned to the Social Democrat Party after the war.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /GERkautsky.htm (1302 words)

	Basic Education Programme - What Marx & Engels Meant by Socialism
		This outline of socialism was written by Karl Kautsky at the time when he was a revolutionary and the leading writer in a great effort to popularise and spread the ideas of Karl Marx (who had died only a few years earlier) and Frederick Engels (who was still alive).
		Lenin acknowledged Kautsky as his teacher right up to 1914, and the only shift he made after that in his vision of socialism was to add a clearer idea of smashing the old bureaucratic state of the capitalists and replacing it with a flexible, responsive "semi-state".
		Ownership by the workers in common of the instruments of production means a co-operative system of production and the extinction of the exploitation of the workers, who become masters of their own products and who themselves appropriate the surplus of which, under our system, they are deprived by the capitalist.
	archive.workersliberty.org /publications/eduprog/kautsky.htm (2724 words)

	Eisner/Kautsky:Sozialdemokratie und Staatsform:GS SS285-325
		Kautskys Darlegungen über Monarchie und Republik stimmen nun zwar nicht überein mit denen Guesdes in Amsterdam, aber gerade in ihrer unsicheren Zwiespältigkeit sind sie geeignet, Guesdes Theorien wieder zu bestärken, und deshalb glaubte ich eine bestimmte und unzweideutige Antwort auf die Frage veranlassen zu sollen.
		Freilich, wie soll Kautsky noch richtig meine Ausführungen vom Jahre 1901 wiederzugeben imstande sein, wenn er nicht einmal korrekt wiederholt, was ich gestern geschrieben habe.
		Kautsky, der übrigens meine Kritik der guesdistischen Äußerungen an der entscheidenden Stelle abbricht, bezweifelt den von mir gegebenen Wortlaut.
	www.kurt-eisner-werke.org /I285.html (8588 words)

	Karl Kautsky on the roots of Communism and Christianity
		Kautsky was a German Jewish Marxist who wrote a book Terrorism and Communism opposing the totalitarian methods of the Bolsheviks, eliciting in reply Trotsky's book The Defence of Terrorism (also known as Dictatorship Vs.
		The Evidence from the Americas (3) Karl Kautsky, The Foundations of Christianity.
		Also see Trotsky's reply to Kautsky's criticisms of the Red Terror: worst.html.
	users.cyberone.com.au /myers/kautsky.html (7111 words)

	Kautsky, Karl
		Having joined the Austrian Social Democrats while a student at the University of Vienna, Kautsky became a Marxist when he went to Zürich (1880) and was influenced by the political theorist Eduard Bernstein (1850-1932).
		The German Social Democrats accepted Kautsky as their authority on Marxism until World War I, when he joined the minority Independent Social Democrats in their opposition to the war.
		After the October Revolution in Russia (1917), Kautsky became increasingly isolated from the Independents by his opposition to violent revolution and to minority socialist dictatorships.
	cyberspacei.com /jesusi/peace/pacifism/Kautsky.htm (398 words)

	Kautsky, Karl
		Kautsky (1854-1938), tysk socialist af tjekkisk oprindelse, central skikkelse i det tyske socialdemokratiske parti (SPD) og i 2.
		Karl Kautsky blev født i Prag og arbejdede indenfor det østrigske
		Kautsky formulerede her en teori, som blev kaldt «revolutionær ventepolitik»: socialisterne skulle ikke tage magten gennem voldelig revolution eller generalstrejke, men udvide deres magtbase gennem praktiske reformer, valgsejre og socialisering af produktivkræfterne, som ville komme i en stadig skarpere modsætning til de privatkapitalistiske ejendomsforhold.
	www.leksikon.org /art.php?n=1334 (451 words)

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