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	The Kazan Kremlin : The Republic of Tatarstan
		The Kazan Kremlin : The Republic of Tatarstan
		The Kremlin retained its position of importance after the fall of Kazan to the Russians and was converted into the administrative and military centre of the annexed Middle Volga region (1552-1708).
		While the Kazan Kremlin is protected by law, it also remains open to visits by Russian and overseas tourists, and guests of the city of Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan.
	www.tatar.ru /english/00001231_d.html (2622 words)

	Kazan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga (İdel) and Kazanka (Qazansu) rivers in central European Russia.
		In 1708, the Khanate of Kazan was abolished, and Kazan became the center of a guberniya.
		Kazan is served by the Kazan airport approximately 15 kilometers from the city centre.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kazan (2788 words)

	Kazan Kremlin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kazan Kremlin (Tatar: kirmän; Russian: Казанский Кремль) is the chief historic citadel of Tatarstan, situated in the city of Kazan, which was built on behest of Ivan the Terrible on the ruins of the former castle of Kazan khans.
		Major monuments in the Kremlin are the 5-domed and 6-columned Annunciation Cathedral (1561-62), rather speculatively attributed to the half-legendary Postnik Yakovlev, and the mysterious leaning Söyembikä Tower, named after the last queen of Kazan and regarded as the city's most conspicuous landmark.
		The opening of the biggest mosque in Europe, the Qol-Şärif mosque, was held in Kazan on June 24, 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kazan_Kremlin (241 words)

	Russia - Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin
		Kazan is a city in central European Russia, capital of the republic of Tatarstan, and a port at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka rivers.
		Kazan' was largely destroyed in 1774 during a revolt by troops under the leadership of the Cossack soldier Yemelyan Pugachev, but was rebuilt soon thereafter, during the reign of Catherine the Great.
		Kazan is the administrative center of the Republic of Tatarstan
	worldheritage.heindorffhus.dk /frame-RussiaKazan.htm (631 words)

	[No title]
		Kazan Kremlin proved to be in the focus of attention of scientific community.
		The idea of Kazan's emergence as one of the largest trading centres on the Volga proved to be so topical (but poorly studied) that the next conference discussed this subject already in the context of international relations of the Boulgar State with countries of the East and the West.
		Kazan, undoubtedly, was among the early trading settlements of the Boulgars on the Volga.
	www.kermen.ru /EngVer/ancient_kazan.php (5941 words)

	The Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Kingdom of Thailand
		Kazan architecture combines different styles hinting at the pretentious late Italian Baroque and refined Antiquity, magical Moorish bliss, an oriental cloud cloaking rich merchants and nobility private residences, and ancient skill of a traditional Tatar stone art originating in bas-reliefs.
		Kazan - the city with highly advantageous geographical position - from the ancient times was a mediator between East and West, and today plays a great role in political, economic and international relationships.
		The main and the brightest sight of the Kremlin is a seven-tier Suyumbika tower, spiritual symbol and historical pride of Kazan.
	www.thailand.mid.ru /kazan.html (2133 words)

	Kazan Diocese Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church. \| Historical Background of the Kazan Diocese
		He went to Kazan with Archimandrites Varsonofy and Herman and he was given instructions not to baptize by force, to be gentle with population of another faith, not to be cruel, and if it be necessary to set free from state law.
		In 1988 by decision of the Holy Synod to the Kazan cathedra was appointed rector of the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, secretary of the Diocesan Administration Archimandrite Anastasy (Metkin).
		In 2005 Archbishop of Kazan and Tatarstan Anastasy ordained 25 deacons and 22 priests.
	kazan.eparhia.ru /www/english/index.htm (3981 words)

	Best of Russia --- Architecture --- Kremlin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The ensemble is dominated by the Kremlin and the Lenin Mausoleum which stands by its walls.
		Now the Moscow Kremlin is one of the greatest museums of the world.The Kremlin palaces and chambers are keeping the state regalia, invaluable icons and treasures of the tsars.
		After its construction, the commandant of the Kremlin doubted the stability of the building's large green dome, which is clearly visible from Red Square, and the architect was forced to climb up onto the cupola and stay there for more than an hour before he was convinced of its integrity.
	www.bestofrussia.ca /kremlin.html (2456 words)

	Excursion to Kazan
		Kazan is situated on the bank of the Volga river.The city was founded by the tribes of Bulgars.
		There are a lot of places of interests in Kazan including the Kazan Kremlin which was built in the 16th century.
		You will surely enjoy the time spent in Kazan, you are going to like the old houses mixed with modern ones, high minarets of the mosques and the towers of the Kremlin.
	www.yoshkar-ola.com /travel/excursions/kazan.html (223 words)

	Volga Cruise: Kazan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kazan was founded in the 13th century by the Khan of the Golden Horde known as Kazan-Khan 45 km from the present city.
		The picture at right is a view through the kremlin wall to a memorial of a local poet who died in a concentration camp.
		Peter and Paul and the newly painted and gilded domes of the Annunciation Cathedral in the Kremlin.
	www.4windstravel.com /shows/ruscrs/kazan.html (312 words)

	Athena Review 1,3: Russian Archaeology
		Dolgorukiy's Kremlin, surrounded by wooden houses, stables and churches, was sacked and burned to the ground during the Mongol invasion in 1238.
		The Kremlin, and the city which surrounded it were rebuilt, and in 1339 it stood with fortifications made of oak.
		The original Kazan Cathedral was constructed in 1636 in commemoration of Tsar Mikhail Romanov's victory over the Poles, but was demolished in the 1930s, and replaced by a sidewalk cafe and a park.
	www.athenapub.com /rusarch1.htm (1267 words)

	UNESCO.ORG \| 1,000th anniversary of the founding of the city of Kazan and the 200th anniversary of Kazan State ...
		Kazan is one of the oldest cities of the Russian Federation.
		In the XIIIth century Kazan became the administrative and religious centre of the state of the Golden Horde, during the XVth-XVIth centuries Kazan was the capital of Khanat.
		The modern city of Kazan with its Historical and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin, included in 2000 in the UNESCO World Heritage List, its mosques, churches, museums and establishments of instruction, is renowned worldwide.
	portal.unesco.org /en/ev.php-URL_ID=18338&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (303 words)

	The Eisenhower Institute, Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		KAZAN, TATARSTAN, RUSSIAN FEDERARTION, January 25, 2003-As the overnight train approaches Kazan from the west, the Kremlin's Suyumbika Tower, Spass Tower, Blagoveschensky Cathedral, and Kul Sharif mosque rise up on the horizon of the East-European Plain.
		Kazan has remained at the heart of a region where Sunni Islam has been the dominant religion since the tenth century.
		In Kazan City stands the area's oldest stone mosque, Al Marzjani, which was built with the permission of Catherine the Great and now serves as a pillar for the city's Islamic revival.
	www.eisenhowerinstitute.org /presscenter/kazanrelease36-03.htm (1396 words)

	Kazan - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Following the conquests of the Mongol leader Genghis Khan early in the 13th century, the Mongol and Turkic elements of the invaders gradually merged...
		Kazan (; Tatar: Qazan, Казан) is the capital city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, and one of Russia's largest cities.
		FC Rubin Kazan (Russian: Футбольный клуб Рубин Казань), is a Russian football club, based in the Tatarstan city of Kazan.
	encarta.msn.com /Kazan.html (184 words)

	The Kazan Kremlin
		The Kazan Kremlin, a magnificent architectural ensemble bearting traces of many centuries of building activity, is enclosed by high, white stone walls with characteristic loop-holes and thirteen hippedroofed towers.
		The official versoin of the origin of the tower is that it was raised in the seventeenth century by Russian buildres as a watch-tower for military purposes.
		On this part of the Kremlin is the complex of buildings housing government offices and the consistory court, all of wich occupy the site of the former khan's palace, later, the sovereign's or supreme commander's residence.
	www.kcn.ru /tat_en/kazan/kazkreml.html (1251 words)

	Kazan Hotels - Book Cheap Hotels in Kazan, Russia from ebookers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It overlooks the Kazan Kremlin, which was bu...
		Regina Hotel is located in Kazan, 7 kilometres from railway station and 6 kilometres from the city c...
		Novinka Hotel is located in Kazan, 7 kilometres from railway station and 6 kilometres from city cent...
	www.ebookers.com /cheap_hotels/kazan.html (80 words)

	F&P Kazan Civic Networking Visit Card
		The long struggle between Russian State and Kazan khanate for domination on the Volga trade ways and in the Volga-Ural region was finished by fall of Kazan khanate and its connection in 1552 to Russian state.
		In 1996-1998 she was a post graduate school in the Kazan branch of Moscow Economic University on a speciality: strategic management of activity of the enterprises.
		Now project renders a significant assistance of administration of Kazan in distribution of the information about 2000 anniversary of capital of republic and is engaged in attraction of NGOs for participation in the program of organization of this anniversary.
	www.friends-partners.org /civnet/vc-kaz.html(opt,mozilla,pc,english,,MirAquaL) (1671 words)

	Yale Medicine Spring 2003: When East meets West
		Kazan State Medical University was founded in 1814, the year that Yale’s medical school conferred its first degrees, and has 5,000 students.
		Kazan faculty have research affiliations with several European institutions, in particular the Catholic University of Leuven, in Belgium, and the medical school is working on setting up a program with East Carolina University, in Greenville, N.C. But Kazan’s exchange with Yale is the main one, because it has continued for so long and is open-ended.
		Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan and a center of Russian culture and history—where the dramatist Maxim Gorky came of age, where Tolstoy and Lenin studied, where Nureyev danced—is relying on Yale and other international contacts to speed its development in medicine.
	info.med.yale.edu /external/pubs/ym_sp03/kazan.htm (5203 words)

	Kazan celebrates 1000th anniversary - Boston.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tens of thousands of Tatars, Russians and others packed the main square in Kazan on Friday for a gala concert to celebrate the millennial anniversary of the Volga River city, which President Vladimir Putin cast as a model of multiethnic coexistence.
		KAZAN, Russia --Tens of thousands of Tatars, Russians and others packed the main square in Kazan on Friday for a gala concert to celebrate the millennial anniversary of the Volga River city, which President Vladimir Putin cast as a model of multiethnic coexistence.
		Kazan residents had to brave extraordinary security measures including traffic being rerouted and police and traffic officers standing nearly every 50 feet -- measures put in place to accommodate Putin and 10 other leaders from the Commonwealth of Independent States.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2005/08/26/kazan_celebrates_1000th_anniversary (521 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kazan is the capital of Tatarstan in Russian Federation.
		It is a very interesting city and has a very beautiful Kremlin...
		By the way, in the town of Bulgar a few miles away from Kazan, there are ruins of the ancient city that very few people in the world know about.
	www.greatestcities.com /go.bml?journal=elforel&itemid=38342&dir=prev (156 words)

	Yale Medicine Spring 2003: When East meets West
		Kazan State Medical University was founded in 1814, the year that Yale’s medical school conferred its first degrees, and has 5,000 students.
		Kazan faculty have research affiliations with several European institutions, in particular the Catholic University of Leuven, in Belgium, and the medical school is working on setting up a program with East Carolina University, in Greenville, N.C. But Kazan’s exchange with Yale is the main one, because it has continued for so long and is open-ended.
		Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan and a center of Russian culture and history—where the dramatist Maxim Gorky came of age, where Tolstoy and Lenin studied, where Nureyev danced—is relying on Yale and other international contacts to speed its development in medicine.
	www.med.yale.edu /external/pubs/ym_sp03/kazan.htm (5203 words)

	Capital : The Republic of Tatarstan
		The most significant actions of international level within the framework of Kazan 1000-anniversary were the CIS heads summit and RF State Council session.
		Kazan is a large scientific centre of Russia and Tatarstan.
		In the course of festive celebrations five stations of Kazan underground were opened, Kul Sharif mosque was reconstructed and Annunciation cathedral opened after restorations, business terminal of international airport “Kazan”, new building of Tatar State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University, Hermitage centre in Kazan Kremlin and other important objects had flung opened their doors this year.
	www.tatar.ru /english/00000027.html (629 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The capital of the Kazan Khanate was all in ruins and fire.
		During the conquest of Kazan by the troops of Ivan the Terrible Seid Kul Sharif was one of the defense leaders.
		The investigator of the history of Kazan M.Khudyakov admitted that Mansur╒s son -Kul Sharif was the head of priesthood in 1552.
	kulsharif.rin.ru /eng/history.html (706 words)

	The NewsAhead Agency for future world news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kazan’s streets have run with blood through the ages, and the authorities worry that the world spotlight on Kazan for the millennium will attract Caucusus-related terrorism and new bloodletting in the city.
		Kazan, the largest port on the Volga River and economic center of the Russian republic of Tartarstan, was founded in the 1005 AD by
		The Kazan Kremlin is being updated, and dilapidated old buildings are being torn down to make way for "modern architectural units that are socially and culturally valuable," according to Kazan Mayor Kamil Iskhakov.
	www.newsahead.com /content/view/492/71 (387 words)

	The Volga Federal District of Russia, capital Nizhny Novgorod - Guide to Russia Geography
		The first building of the Kremlin was made from wood, but in 1500 an unknown architect found a new Kremlin construction method, which consisted of building from stone.
		This tower was named after the last Kazan tsarina, who is the subject of many legends and stories, all of which mention her beauty.
		The Kazan Kremlin is a wonderful symbol of the combination between Moslem and Orthodox cultures, a symbol of West meeting East.
	www.guidetorussia.org /new/history/volga-district.html (2339 words)

	Fourth International Symposium on Experimental Gravitation - Tourism
		The Kazan Kremlin is the only surviving Tatar fortress where the original town-planning concept is conserved.
		The Kremlin is the residence of the President of the Republic Tatarstan.
		Here, unique archeological finds proving that Kazan is 1000 years old, jewelry made by Bulgarian craftsmen in the 12th century, sacred books, household articles, as well as specimens of national dresses, military clothes and music instruments of Kazan Tatars are exhibited.
	dulkyn.org.ru /symposium/tourism.htm (512 words)

	History of Kazan
		Kazan, which like Rome stands on seven hills, is the capital of the ancient people and country whose names, though familiar, are shrouded in misconceptions.
		Under its spell Kazan was transformed from a small frontier Bolgar town into a powerful citadel of the khans and a world-famous trading capital on the Volga; its spell overthrew Kazan, turning it into a captive without rights; its spell made it rise again, but in the form a capital of a huge province...
		Kazan became in 1922 the capital of an autonomous Soviet republic and traversed the whole thorny path of the Soviet era.
	www.kcn.ru /tat_en/history/capital.html (894 words)

	President of Republic Tatarstan
		Refusal of tsarina was the reason of capture of Kazan by Russian armies after that Suyumbike agreed to marry but put condition that within a week Russian architects should manage to erect a high tower.
		In ancient part of the temple it is possible to see the rests of frescos of XVII century at altar parts, including the image of the Kazan Divine Mother, a famous wonder-working icon, had been kept for several years in the Annunciation cathedral.
		During storm of Kazan by Ivan Grozny armies seid Kul Sharif was one of heads of defense and heroically perished.
	president.tatar.ru /eng/kremlin/kremlin_travel.htm (1129 words)

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