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Topic: Kelp Gull

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	Gull - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apart from the kittiwakes, gulls are typically coastal or inland species, rarely venturing far out to sea.
		Gulls — the larger species in particular, are resourceful and highly-intelligent birds, demonstrating complex methods of communication and a highly-developed social structure.
		The taxonomy of the large white-headed gulls is particularly complicated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gull (301 words)

	Gulls in and around South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Three gull species are commonly found in South Africa namely the Harlaub's gull (Larus Harlaubii), the grey-headed gull (Larus cirrocephalus) and the southern flbacked gull or kelp gull (Larus dominicanus).
		Kelp gulls sometimes follow ships 200 km offshore to obtain offal and are found around our entire coast, estuaries, offshore waters, rubbish dumps, etc. They are rarely found inland.
		Gulls are birds full of character, aggression and gust and their social interaction and antics provide the onlooker with hours of amusement.
	www.adventures.co.za /gulls.htm (1085 words)

	Gulls - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kelp Gulls are aggressive predators taking every opportunity to rob other birds' nests of both eggs and small chicks.
		Kelp gulls have a white head, neck, underbody, rump and tail.
		Kelp gulls are opportunistic feeders, preying on and scavenging mollusks, fish, crustaceans, other seabirds, and even their own chicks and eggs.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/wildlife/birds/gulls.shtml (370 words)

	gull
		The great fl-backed gull (seen nesting here) is found in Atlantic regions and is the largest of the gulls.
		The herring gull can be distinguished from the common gull, which it closely resembles, by its larger size and slower, lazier wingbeats.
		Gulls are sociable, noisy birds and they breed in colonies.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0008298.html (398 words)

	Kelp Gull. Larus dominicanus vetula.
		Kelp Gulls breed in Namibia and South Africa.
		Kelp Gulls are aggressive predators on the offshore islands.
		Kelp Gulls are one of the species being targeted with individually engraved colour rings.
	www.sunsetbeach.co.za /kelp_gull.htm (451 words)

	Kelp Supplement -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kelp ash is calcined and rich in iodine and alkali.
		Kelp can stretch up to 50 feet (15 meters) or more from their anchors on the sea floor to the surface, providing a vertical infrastructure that is home to many fish and invertebrate species.
		Kelp forests are found in temperate ocean waters around the globe wherever water conditions are conducive to the successful establishment of kelp colonies.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/82/kelp-supplement.html (842 words)

	Kelp Gull, Larus dominicus - probable hybrid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This dark-backed gull was present at Brownsville Landfill on March 16, 1999 (photos by Martin Reid), and is probably the bird reported on March 5 as a possible Kelp hybrid.
		In my opinion the leg color was perfect for Kelp: a peculiar pale greenish-gray (and uniform throughout - unlike a minority of other large gulls that show areas of yellowish-gray and flesh on their legs).
		Thus, I feel it is probably a Kelp x smithsonianus hybrid - and I arrive at this latter partner because this is the only known interspecific pairing of Kelp (and from fairly close by, in SW Louisiana).
	www.martinreid.com /keguhp01.html (102 words)

	Birds of the Falkland Islands - Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus)
		Birds of the Falkland Islands - Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus)
		Kelp Gulls are extremely common along coasts all around the Falklands, but they mostly breed on remote coastal plains where human disturbance is minimal.
		Kelp Gulls are intelligent birds, able to feed as predators or scavengers.
	www.falklands.net /BirdGuideKelpGull.shtml (244 words)

	English and Scientific names:
		Gull was at rest on the beach when it took flight, Peregrine Falcon put all of the gulls and terns up.
		The gull was in with a mixed flock of gulls and terns, primarily Royal and Caspian Terns, with a few Laughing Gulls present as well.
		Large and bulky gull compared to the Laughing Gulls that were present, and to the larger tern species present there as well.
	losbird.org /lbrc/gbbgbosler.htm (244 words)

	Australian Antarctic Division - Kelp gull
		Kelp gull are broadly distributed in the subantarctic to subtropical regions, where sea surface temperatures range from 0° to 23° C. They can mostly be seen off the New Zealand coasts and islands, and along the south and south-east Australian coasts.
		Kelp gull prey on and scavenge molluscs, fish, crustaceans, other seabirds, and even their own chicks and eggs.
		Kelp gull nest on beaches, among rocks, grassy headlands, ledges, glacial moraines and offshore islets.
	www.aad.gov.au /?casid=1556 (279 words)

	BirdForum - One more Gull
		Kelp should have yellow/green legs and a yellow iris with a red orbital ring.
		However, there are many indications that the various subspecies of the Kelp Gull are invalid and the variation is probably nothing but individual (and, as mentioned previously, depending on light).
		Perhaps a majority of the "Kelp" gulls found here in the United States might be hybrids with the Herring Gull.
	www.birdforum.net /showthread.php?t=22529 (2427 words)

	LOS NEWS/NO. 181/JULY 1998
		Colonization of the Chandeleurs by Kelp Gulls may be related to the appearance of Kelp Gull on the Yucatan.
		Coinciding with the appearance of the apparent Kelp Gulls on the Chandeleurs was the colonization of those islands by breeding Herring Gulls, previously unknown as breeding birds in Louisiana and a very rare breeder elsewhere on the Gulf Coast.
		Adult California Gulls is easily separated from adult greenish-gray or gray-legged hybrids by the combination of dark brown iris, fl spot next to red gonys spot, and distinctive primary pattern (all white tip on primary #10, window on primary #9).
	www.losbird.org /los_news_181_98july.htm (7162 words)

	García-Borboroglu, P (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We examined microhabitat preferences and their adaptiveness for the kelp gull Larus dominicanus in one of its largest colonies in Patagonia.
		Our study shows that some kelp gull breeding parameters are affected by nest-site habitat characteristics.
		Vegetation effects and substrate characteristics were important variables in distinguishing random from nest sites and in explaining variation in breeding performance, showing that their habitat preferences are adaptive and allowing us to detect both the pattern and process in kelp gull habitat selection.
	www.oikos.ekol.lu.se /jab.35.2.abstracts/JAB3149abs.htm (281 words)

	Possible Kelp Gull at Dungeness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This unidentified gull was photographed by David Walker at Dungeness Point on 16 July 2001.
		In size it was midway between Great Black-backed Gull and Lesser Black-backed Gull and exhibited a number of features indicating the bird may be a second year Kelp Gull or possibly a hybrid bird.
		Also puzzling was the fact that this bird had relatively fresh flight feathers with no sign of moult at a time when all GBB Gulls and LBB Gulls are in the middle of their seasonal moult.
	www.southeastbirdnews.co.uk /PossibleKelpGull.htm (116 words)

	Silver Gull
		The Silver Gull has a white head, tail and underparts, with a light grey back and fl-tipped wings.
		The Silver Gull is a common sight at virtually any watered habitat throughout Australia and is rarely seen far from land.
		As with many other gull species, the Silver Gull has become a successful scavenger, readily pestering humans for handouts of scraps, pilfering from unattended food containers or searching for human refuse at tips.
	www.austmus.gov.au /factsheets/silver_gull.htm (313 words)

	Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		If the identification is correct this would apparently be the first Tamaulipas record and one of very few for Mexico or the northern hemisphere.
		This shot shows the presumed Kelp Gull with a winter Lesser Black-backed Gull and a Ring-billed Gull.
		The Kelp Gull standing near a Ring-billed Gull.
	www.greglasley.net /kelpgull.html (59 words)

	Robert H. Lewis Gulls
		Gulls are one of the last frontiers of bird identification, and I have been a certified gull freak for 24 years.
		I have long felt that gulls are the most interesting of all birds.
		16 December 2000: slides of Kelp Gulls in the Caribbean.
	www.bway.net /~lewis/birds/gulls.html (909 words)

	BirdForum - Steve Messick's Colorado gull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I'd have to agree with you on it being a Kelp Gull.
		I did not suggest that this was not, or could not be a Kelp Gull but it is best to proceed not from the obvious similarities (which are indeed obvious!) but from any potential obstacles.
		The Colorado gull seems to lack a mirror on P10, explained because it is growing a primary so the outer primaries are of a subadult.
	www.birdforum.net /showthread.php?p=66646 (1179 words)

	Nov. 2, 2003 Trip
		The Kelp Gull field trip this morning was successful, with 24 participants, and excellent views of the Kelp Gull.
		It was seen briefly by scouts Chris Wood and Brian Gibbons at Larimer County Landfill and then refound about noon for the rest of the group (by Chris again) at Horsetooth Reservoir (yes, Horsetooth Res., not Horseshoe Lake).
		I suspect that almost all the gulls of the area are continuing to roost each night at Horseshoe Lake, with good viewing at dusk from CR28.
	www.fortnet.org /Audubon/activities/field_trip_reports/2003_nov_2.htm (179 words)

	Field Guide > Strong flying waterbirds > Kelp Gull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Cape (Kelp or Black-backed Gull) is a large gull with a jet-fl back and upperwings.
		Young birds are greyish brown, and are usually seen together with adults, where their overall size and shape provides a clue as to what they are.
		Kelp Gulls are fairly common on beaches, in estuaries, and around human habitation along the coast.
	www.birdlife.org.za /fieldguide/book/species_info.cfm?id=159 (299 words)

	Gull index: gulls, seagulls, gull identification, problem gulls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Most gull-watchers know that even in the field, the perceived shade of gray on a gull can change depending on the angle that the bird is standing.
		Well in case you don't know it, scanning/preparing a photo image for display on a computer monitor introduces another enormous variable in the perceived shades of gray (and all color) - look at this revised sample that now includes an example of deceptive natural lighting.
		It is possible for the person scanning/editing the image to selectively adjust any part of the image, but it is reasonable to assume that such manipulation is not done, so it is safe to assess relative shades of color between objects in the same image.
	www.martinreid.com /gullinx.htm (264 words)

	:: BIRDLIFE.ORG.ZA >> BirdClubs :: Cape Bird Club >> (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kelp Gulls are now a rarity to our shores.
		The Cape Gull is the one you see in large numbers along our coast, particularly around False Bay in the cape.
		A "real" Kelp Gull was reported on Sunday 2 June at the Cape Point Nature Reserve at Bordjiesrif, and has already attracted quite a number of birders.
	www.birdlife.org.za /Birdclubs/Clubinfo/more_news.cfm?id=323&clubid=1 (259 words)

	Brown-hooded gull - AVESCHILENAS enlaRed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		With a distribution in all Chilean territory, Brown-hooded gull is found preferably in summer in the center and south zone, migrateing in winter northward of the country.
		Also they are approached to slaughterhouses or cold-storage plants to eat the wastes of these; similar habit to Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), but without to attack the sheep's breeding.
		It nestles in colonies, between November and January, among rushes in border or islands of lagoons or rivers, preferably near to the coast, in floating and voluminous nests made of rushes and other aquatic plants.
	www.avesdechile.cl /266en.htm (241 words)

	Kelp Gull -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kelp Gull -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		It is the southern equivalent of the northern hemisphere's (Click link for more info and facts about Lesser Black-backed Gull) Lesser Black-backed Gull and is similar in size to that species at 56cm with an 128cm wingspan.
		This is a mainly coastal (Mostly white aquatic bird having long pointed wings and short legs) gull.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ke/kelp_gull.htm (277 words)

	B-Mail(sm): ID-FRONTIERS for June 1-8, 2002
		This corresponds to the moult cycle of northern hemisphere gulls - not Kelp Gull, in which typically some new (fresh) primaries should be visible beyond the tertials in March.
		See also the Galveston TX Kelp, in direct comparison with American Herring Gulls (second pic): http://www.martinreid.com/kegup11.html Kelp looks large, but direct comparison with other large gulls is not so frequently available and its structure could be as much responsible of this feeling as its actual size.
		Comparing measurements of Kelp in Hanzab (not all races I believe) with argenteus and argentatus in BWP also shows that Kelp on average is smaller.
	www.virtualbirder.com /bmail/idfrontiers/200206/w1 (6094 words)

	Maryland Kelp Gull
		On 19 February 1999 I visited the now famous adult Kelp Gull on the Patuxent River in southern Maryland.
		When I was there, there was discussion about several features of the bird being not quite right for Kelp Gull, especially the iris color (too pale), the bill (not quite massive enough), and the legs (too brightly colored).
		1061: "It is possible that a true geographic variation may be shown by the color of the iris in Kelp Gulls, In the field I have recorded..."stone-gray"...
	www.bway.net /~lewis/birds/mkelp.html (367 words)

	NARBA Bird Sightings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The KELP GULL in Galveston, Texas continued on February 1st.
		It was associating with a flock of Ring-billed Gulls.
		IVORY GULL directions: The bird is being seen in Portland, Maine at the Portland Fish Pier.
	www.narba.org /sample.htm (1209 words)

	jan00
		It had the structure and general plumage of Kelp Gull (including the greenish-yellow legs), but its primary pattern was not typical of Kelp Gull (and was not in any odd molt), with regular white subapical "mirrors" on the outermost 5 rectrices.
		No other species of gulls are known from the state, though a multiple-observer record of a Ross's Gull from Fort Story (Feb. 1992) is convincing.
		In Cape Charles proper, Greater Yellowlegs were standing out on the frozen ice with gulls at the Washington Avenue pond, and in the previous week, on Thursday, a female Common Merganser huddled amongst numerous Red-breasted and Hooded Mergansers in the Kings Creek Marina.
	www.sterling-inn.com /Jan00.html (1140 words)

	B-Mail(sm): ID-FRONTIERS for September 21-30, 2003
		Note the Texas bird was accepted as a Yellow-footed Gull in spite of the legs being "not quite bright enough" which seems to be a concern to Jane.
		While Chris Wood and I considered all possible dark-mantled gulls in the ID of this bird, Kelp Gull was really the only thing that we could accept as correct.
		I have also seen the MD Kelp Gull, which was my only previous experience with the species.
	www.virtualbirder.com /bmail/idfrontiers/200309/w4 (5160 words)

	Band-tailed/Belcher's Gull
		I propose that the well-established name of Band-tailed Gull be maintained, as it is a very good identifier of Larus belcheri.
		However, since we are an AOU committee it would seem a bit odd if we were to come up with different English names, no? And Belcher's does have the advantage of being a mnemonic for the latin name..
		So in this case we could use "band-tailed gulls" to refer to the two, and the patronyms Belcher's and Olrog's to refer to the individual components.
	www.museum.lsu.edu /~remsen/SACCProp60.html (839 words)

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