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	Kenesaw Mountain Landis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kenesaw Mountain Landis (20 November 1866 – 25 November 1944) was an American jurist who served as a federal judge from 1905 to 1922, and subsequently as the first commissioner of Major League Baseball.
		While serving as a federal judge, Landis was selected to become the first Commissioner of Major League Baseball, serving from 1920 until his death in 1944.
		Landis tried to curb the growth of minor league farm systems by innovators such as Branch Rickey, in the name of protecting the lower levels of professional ball (the farm systems ultimately proved to be the salvation of minor league ball).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kenesaw_Mountain_Landis (795 words)

	Eastland Memorial Society - Kenesaw Mountain Landis
		Kenesaw Mountain Landis was born on November 20, 1866 in Millville, Ohio.
		Landis was the son of Dr. Abraham Landis, who had lost the use of his leg in the Civil War battle of Kennesaw Mountain in northwest Georgia on the morning of June 27, 1864.
		Landis was also involved in the disposition of the hulk of the Eastland after it was finally raised on August 14th, 1915.
	www.inficad.com /~ksup/landis.html (885 words)

	Landis, Kenesaw Mountain on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		LANDIS, KENESAW MOUNTAIN [Landis, Kenesaw Mountain], 1866-1944, American jurist and commissioner of baseball (1921-44), b.
		After organized baseball was confronted (1920) with the "Black Sox" scandal, a committee of baseball executives appointed (1921) Landis—who had presided at the case in which the newly organized Federal League brought suit against the National and American leagues for violating the Sherman Anti-Trust Act—to the new post of baseball commissioner.
		Landis immediately barred from organized baseball the eight Chicago White Sox players charged with bribery in the 1919 world series.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/L/Landis-K1.asp (408 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis
		Kenesaw Mountain is a variant spelling of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia, the site of a Civil War battle at which Landis's father Abraham, a physician and surgeon, served on the Union side, receiving a leg wound during the fighting.
		Landis was the sixth of seven children in the family and fourth of five males.
		Landis was appointed to the district bench in 1905 in the Northern District of Illinois after practicing law in Chicago from 1891.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h2074.html (1387 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis
		Landis was a staunch opponent of Branch Rickey's minor league farm system and fought it tooth and nail.
		Such was the hold of Landis on baseball that even as frail as he was, no one dared oppose him.
		Despite his faults, Kenesaw Mountain Landis was passionately devoted to baseball and to preserving its integrity.
	www.baseball-statistics.com /HOF/Landis.html (1218 words)

	Major League Baseball : History : Commissioners
		Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis was elected baseball's first Commissioner on January 12, 1921.
		Landis was approached by the owners shortly after the 1919 World Series, when the "Black Sox" scandal ripped through baseball.
		Landis accepted the post on the condition that he keep his job as a judge and that his baseball salary ($50,000) be decreased by the amount he received as a judge ($7,500).
	mlb.mlb.com /NASApp/mlb/mlb/history/mlb_history_people.jsp?story=com_bio_1 (418 words)

	Autograph Analysis and Signing Habits of Hall of Fame Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis - PSA Library
		The son of Union Army surgeon Dr. Abraham H. Landis and his wife Mary, Kenesaw Mountain Landis received his unusual birth name from the Georgian location where his father was disabled by the loss of a limb in the Civil War.
		Although Landis publicly announced that Negroes were not banned from baseball, he consciously maneuvered the assurance of the continuation of baseball's unwritten segregationist policies.
		Landis, despite his oversized ego and vindictive nature, had restored the fans' faith in the integrity of the game of baseball.
	www.psacard.com /articles/article_view.chtml?artid=4256&universeid=314 (2191 words)

	Kenesaw Landis Biography by Baseball Almanac
		Kenesaw Landis was born on November 20, 1866, and started serving as the Commissioner of Major League Baseball on November 12, 1920.
		As an acting Federal Judge from 1905-1922, Landis was selected in 1920 to become the first Commissioner of Major League Baseball, serving until his death in 1944.
		Kenesaw Landis was a federal judge in Chicago, Illinois prior to serving as Commissioner of Major League Baseball.
	www.baseball-almanac.com /articles/kenesaw_landis_biography.shtml (531 words)

	MSN Encarta - Landis, Kenesaw Mountain
		Kenesaw Mountain Landis (1866-1944), American jurist and baseball official, who became baseball's first commissioner in 1920.
		As baseball's first commissioner, Landis was granted absolute powers to govern every phase of the game and eliminate all dishonest and unfair practices.
		Landis was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1944.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565531/Landis_Kenesaw_Mountain.html (258 words)

	The New York Times: This Day In Sports
		Kenesaw Mountain Landis's appointment as the first commissioner of baseball was a direct result of the Black Sox scandal of 1919, in which eight members of the Chicago White Sox threw the World Series to the Cincinnati Reds (see Sept. 28).
		CHICAGO-With Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis of the United States District Court as arbitrator, a oneman court of last resort, peace will obtain in professional baseball for at least seven years, while the eminent jurist will also continue to strike terror into the hearts of criminals by retaining his position as a Federal Judge.
		In their conference with Judge Landis the major leaguers quickly sensed the fact that he was unwilling to leave his position on the bench despite his great interest in the game which he had characterized several years ago as a national institution.
	www.nytimes.com /packages/html/sports/year_in_sports/11.12.html (837 words)

	Kennesaw Mountain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kennesaw Mountain is a mountain between Marietta and Kennesaw, Georgia.
		It was the site of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in the 1864 Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War, and is within Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park.
		Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis, the first commissioner of Major League Baseball, was named after the battle in which his father nearly lost his left leg.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kennesaw_Mountain (132 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis \| BaseballLibrary.com
		Landis was granted absolute power over the game as commissioner in 1920 after the Black Sox scandal had tainted the game.
		Landis was a judge in an Illinois federal district court when he came to the attention of baseball's establishment during the Federal League's antitrust suit, which was heard in his court.
		Landis was opposed to the development of farm systems and made free agents of numerous players he decreed to have been "covered up" in the minor leagues, but he was unable to eradicate the practice, which preserved many of the faltering leagues.
	www.baseballlibrary.com /baseballlibrary/ballplayers/L/Landis_Kenesaw_Mountain.stm (4594 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Born in Millville, Ohio, on Nov. 20, 1866, Kenesaw M. Landis was appointed judge by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905.
		Although it is not related to the common ash, the mountain ash is so named because its leaves resemble those of the common ash.
		The Kunlun Mountains form the northern wing of the Plateau of Tibet, which is part of the highest region in the world.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9047048?source=RSSOTD (751 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis
		Landis, Kenesaw Mountain, 1866–1944, American jurist and commissioner of baseball (1921–44), b.
		Kenesaw Mountain Landis - Kenesaw Mountain Landis Born: Nov. 20, 1866 U.S. District Court judge who became first baseball...
		This Day in History: November 12 - November 12 1920 Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis was elected the first commissioner of baseball.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0828763.html (328 words)

	Amazon.com: Judge and Jury : The Life and Times of Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis: Books: David Pietrusza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Landis said he feared riots in ball parks if fls were admitted.
		Landis was hired by the owners, but he didn't appear to respect them.
		Judge Landis, referred to throughout the book by his nickname of "the Squire," was the most successful member of a family that became influential in the midwest as well as Washington, D.C. Indeed, almost half the book details the Squire's law career and eventual appointment as a federal judge in Illinois.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1888698098?v=glance (2604 words)

	Judge and Jury: The Life and Times of Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis
		The truth that emerges from this exhaustive and engaging biography of Judge Landis has no problem matching the outsized legend stride for stride.
		Landis moved into the public spotlight to clean up the national pastime after the disgrace of the 1919 World Series, but there was much more to this complex man and his complex career.
		Landis could be as severe and stubborn as he could be gentle and understanding, characteristics that both defined his decision-making and confused his critics.
	www.davidpietrusza.com /kml.html (530 words)

	ESPN Classic - SportsCenter Flashback: The Chicago Black Sox banned from baseball
		Landis' ruling follows a report that the trial in Chicago will be delayed.
		Last night, several hundred spectators in a Chicago courtroom boomed "Hooray for the clean Sox!" when seven former White Sox players and two gamblers were acquitted by a jury on charges that they conspired to defraud the public through the throwing of the 1919 World Series.
		The third baseman told Landis that though he was offered the bribe to throw the Series, he never accepted the money and played his best.
	espn.go.com /classic/s/black_sox_moments.html (694 words)

	History of the Landis families
		The oldest known Landis homestead is located in Hirzel was built in 1488 and is still kept by a Landis descendant, Alvin [Alwin] Landis, in the area now known as Oberhirzel, near Wädenswil, Canton Zurich, Switzerland.
		In 1637 a Hans Landis (the second) a minister of the Church of Horgerburg and his daughter Margaret Landis were placed in Othenbach prison (about 6 miles southwest of Zurich on the Reuss River) for 60 weeks and all of their property was sold.
		A Jacob Landis of Switzerland is one of the signers of a letter written on March 3, 1709 to the Anabaptist congregation in the Netherlands (Holland).
	math.uww.edu /~mcfarlat/pictures/landis20.htm (1332 words)

	S P O R T S J O N E S
		"Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis disclosed that for the first time in the history of the major leagues the question of Negroes in baseball will be on the agenda of the annual joint meeting of the big leagues this Friday in New York," Low wrote.
		The story said Landis would reveal nothing, except that he had agreed to the meeting, which was requested by members of the National Negro Publishers Association.
		Landis apparently had orchestrated the Robeson meeting to stifle any discussion among the baseball people, Pietrusza said.
	www.sportsjones.com /sj/283.shtml (637 words)

	Kenesaw Mountain Landis \| National Baseball Hall of Fame
		Baseball's first commissioner, Kenesaw Mountain Landis was elected to office on November 12, 1920, and helped restore public confidence in baseball following the "Black Sox" scandal of 1919.
		Landis subsequently issued other edicts utilizing the "absolute power" granted him by the owners to ensure the game's integrity, including allowing hundreds of minor leaguers contractual freedom.
		Tell someone about Kenesaw Mountain Landis by sending a free Hall of Fame Digital Postcard.
	www.baseballhalloffame.org /hofers_and_honorees/hofer_bios/landis_kenesaw.htm (226 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Judge and Jury: The Life and Times of Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		History has transformed Kenesaw Mountain Landis into a one-dimension figure: the stern, scowling ruler of baseball for a full quarter of a century--banishing wrongdoers, scowling at owners, blocking integration.
		In the half century since his death this cardboard image has crowded out the real Landis and the subtleties and contradictions that made him not only dictator of baseball but also the most famous, the most popular--and, yes, the most controversial--federal judge in America.
		Above all Landis was a shrewd and crafty wielder of power, who sprang from a talented family of politicians and journalists and who understood better than any of his contemporaries what was necessary to succeed in the modern world of media-created heroes.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1888698098 (1368 words)

	ESPN.com - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The truth is, Kenesaw Mountain Landis (his father lost a leg at the Battle of Kinnesaw Mountain, and was a poor speller) had about as much as INTEGRITY as Manuel Noriega.
		Of course, Landis is best known for imposing a lifetime ban on eight members of the Chicago "Black Sox," who accepted bribes from gamblers to throw the 1919 World Series.
		I come not to defend Landis and Comiskey, who are, as Brother Chuck eloquently and brilliantly persuades, indefensible, but to defend the Hall of Fame's sacrosanct status as that rarest of institutions, a museum of democratically elected elites.
	sports.espn.go.com /espn/print?id=1701744&type=page2Story (2751 words)

	Rookie records MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL started officially honoring its top rookies in 1947 with the Rookie of ...
		Banned by Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis for their involvement in throwing the 1919 World Series against the Reds.
		Banned by Landis after Kauff was indicted for auto theft and possession of a stolen car.
		Banned by Landis for "approximately 15 or 25 bets" of "from $25 to $100 per game on Philadelphia to win." Cox fired manage Bucky Harris who let it slip to reporters that Cox was betting on his own team.
	www.historicbaseball.com /fea/banned.html (395 words)

	A Moment in Time: Kenesaw Mountain Landis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Lead: For nearly a quarter century after 1920 Baseball was dominated by an wiry, irascible, stubborn white-haired dictator, "The Judge," Kenesaw Mountain Landis.
		Content: When veteran Abraham Landis returned to Logansport, Indiana after the Civil War, he named his younger son, Kenesaw Mountain, after the Georgia landmark and battlefield where Abraham nearly lost his leg as a combat surgeon in the army of General William Tecumseh Sherman.
		Essayist Bruce Watson writes that Judge Landis' sense of justice was not always blind, but it was never boring.
	ehistory.osu.edu /world/amit/display.cfm?amit_id=2091 (359 words)

	The Baseball Archive Bookstore - Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As the century draws to a close and sportswriters compile lists of the most important men in modern baseball, Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis should be right up there with Babe Ruth, Christy Mathewson, and Mark McGwire.
		Landis had been commissioner for almost a year when he delivered his decision that still keeps Shoeless Joe Jackson out of the Hall of Fame.
		Landis banned many lesser-known players during his 24-year tenure, but he also had tussles with the likes of Ty Cobb, Tris Speaker, and Rogers Hornsby on the subject of gambling.
	www.baseball1.com /bookstore/reviews/1888698098.html (529 words)

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