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Oliver Heaviside - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Heaviside was born in London's Camden Town, He was short and red-headed, and suffered from scarlet fever during his youth, the illness having a lasting impact on him, leaving him partly deaf. Heaviside showed mathematically that uniformly distributed inductance in a telegraph line would diminish both attenuation and distortion, and that, if the inductance were great enough and the insulation resistance not too high, the circuit would be distortionless while currents of all frequencies would be equally attenuated. Heaviside, after 1880, recast Maxwell's mathematical analysis from its original quaternion form to its modern vector terminology, thereby reducing the original twenty equations in twenty unknowns down to the four differential equations in four unknowns we now know as Maxwell's equations. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oliver_Heaviside   (1105 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside layer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Kennelly-Heaviside layer, also known as the E region or just as the Heaviside layer, named after Oliver Heaviside, is a layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km in above the ground — one of several layers in the Earth's ionosphere. The extend of the effect is further influenced by the season (because of the differing distance between Earth and the Sun), and the amount of sunspot activity. The "Heaviside layer" is used as a symbol for heaven (in the afterlife sense) in Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Cats. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kennelly-Heaviside_layer   (345 words)

Adventures in CyberSound: Kennelly, Arthur Edwin Kennelly was born in Bombay on Dec 17, 1861 and died on June 18, 1939 in Boston Massachusetts. Kennelly in the USA and Heaviside in Britain were recognised as co-discoverers of the radio mirror or roof, hence the [term] the Kennelly Heaviside Layer. Like Heaviside and Steinmetz, his importance to the development of electricity was not so much in the construction of novel devices making use of electrical circuits, as in the application of advanced mathematics to the understanding of the behavior of such circuits. www.acmi.net.au /AIC/KENNELLY_BIO.html   (1303 words)

F region - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia It acts as a dependable reflector of radio signals as it is not affected by atmospheric conditions, although its ionic composition varies with the sunspot cycle. The principal reflecting layer during the summer for paths of 2,000 to 3,500 km is the F layer is the principal reflecting layer for HF communications during both day and night. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/F_region   (253 words)

Oliver Heaviside Details, Meaning Oliver Heaviside Article and Explanation Guide Though Heaviside was at odds with the scientific establishment for most of his life, he changed the face of mathematics and science. Heaviside showed mathematically that uniformly distributed inductance in a telegraph line would diminish both attenuation and distortion, and that, if the inductance were great enough and the insulation resistance not too high, the circuit would be distortionless while currentss of all frequencies would be equally attenuated. In 1887, Heaviside proposed that induction coils should be added to the transatlantic telegraph cable (increasing self-induction) in order to correct the distortion which it suffered. www.e-paranoids.com /o/ol/oliver_heaviside.html   (826 words)

Heaviside   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) In 1902 Heaviside correctly predicted the existence of the ionosphere, an electrically conducting layer in the atmosphere, by means of which radio signals are transmitted around the earth's curvature. Oliver W. Heaviside was born on May 18, 1850 in Camden Town, London, England, the youngest of four sons of Thomas Heaviside, an engraver and watercolorist, and Rachel Elizabeth West, a sister-in-law of the famous physicist Sir Charles Wheatstone. Heaviside results on electromagnetism, impressive as they were overshadowed by the important methods in vector analysis which he developed in his investigations. www.geocities.com /neveyaakov/electro_science/heaviside.html   (1457 words)

Learn more about Oliver Heaviside in the online encyclopedia.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) In 1887, he proposed that induction coils should be added to the transatlantic telegraph cable in order to correct the distortion which it suffered. In 1902 he proposed the existence of the Kennelly-Heaviside Layer which bears his name (which was originally researched by Nikola Tesla). He also developed the Heaviside step function, which he used to model the flow of current in an electric circuit. www.onlineencyclopedia.org /o/ol/oliver_heaviside.html   (306 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside Layer The Kennelly-Heaviside Layer is also known as the E region or just as Heaviside Layer. It is a layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km in altitude, one of several layers in the ionosphere. Its existence was announced in 1902 independently and almost simultaneously by the American electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly[?] (1861-1949) and the British physicist Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925). www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ke/Kennelly-Heaviside_Layer.html   (158 words)

IEEE History Center - Legacies: Arthur E. Kennelly Kennelly came to America in 1887 and joined the staff of Thomas A. Edison as principal electrical assistant, acting, in addition, as consulting electrician for the Edison General Electric and the General Electric Companies. Kennelly was retained in 1902 by the Mexican government to be in charge of the laying of the Vera Cruz-Frontera-Campeche cables. Kennelly was the recipient of the awards of many nations, including the IEE Institution Premium (1887), the Franklin Institute Howard Potts Gold Medal (1917), the Cross of a Chevalier of the Legion d'Honneur of France and the AIEE Edison Medal (1933) www.ieee.org /organizations/history_center/legacies/kennelly.html   (426 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside Layer   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Lady Grizabella's Little Piece of Heaviside Lady Grizabella's home in the Heaviside, where she spends time with Skimbleshanks, Mistoffelees, and Griddlebone. The Ozone Secretariat Intergovernmental organization for the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Layer de la Haye, Layer Breton, and Layer Marney Churches Services, forthcoming events, ministerial team, church officers, histories and general information. www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Kennelly-Heaviside_Layer.html   (328 words)

BBC - History - Sir Edward Appleton (1892 - 1965) The existence of a reflecting layer had first been postulated around forty years earlier by Balfour Stewart, who suggested that the small daily changes detected in the earth's magnetic field might be due to electric currents in the upper atmosphere. He found that this layer reflected back shorter wavelengths in daytime as well as at night, and that they were reflected back with greater strength than the Heaviside layer. Appleton went on to discover that the moon as well as the sun affected the height of the layers, and further showed that the layer was strongly influenced by the earth's magnetic field and that the polar flouts were caused by magnetic storms. www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/appleton_edward.shtml   (707 words)

Arthur Kennelly, electrical engineer   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Kennelly was one of Edison's closest associates for A.C. and electro-magnetic studies. The following year Kennelly deduced that the reason Marconi's radio waves were able to transmit across the distance of the Atlantic Ocean was that the signals were being reflected back to Earth from an ionized layer in the upper atmosphere acting like a radio mirror or roof. Kennelly was appointed Professor of Electrical Engineering at Harvard (1902-30) and occasionally (1913-24) taught as Professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). www.todayinsci.com /K/Kennelly_Arthur/Kennelly_Arthur.htm   (951 words)

MSN Encarta - Search Results - Kennelly-Heaviside layer Heaviside Layer (atmosphere): discovery by Heaviside and Kennelly Heaviside, Oliver (1850-1925), British physicist, who correctly predicted the existence of an electrically conducting layer in the atmosphere, by... The ionosphere is usually divided into two main layers: a lower layer, designated the E layer (sometimes called the Heaviside layer or... encarta.msn.com /Kennelly-Heaviside_layer.html   (121 words)

Heaviside, Oliver   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) In 1902 he predicted the existence of an ionized layer of air in the upper atmosphere, which was known as the Kennelly-Heaviside layer but is now called the E layer of the ionosphere. When Heaviside became involved with the passage of electricity along conductors, he modified Ohm's law to include inductance and this, together with other electrical properties, resulted in his derivation of the equation of telegraphy. On considering the problem of signal distortion in a telegraph cable, he came to the conclusion that this could be substantially reduced by the addition of small inductance coils throughout its length, and this method has since been used to great effect. www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/biographies/mainbiographies/h/heaviside/1.html   (212 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside layer   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) It is a layer of ionised occurring at 90-150km in altitude one of layers in the ionosphere. Its existence was proposed in 1902 independently and almost simultaneously by the electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly (1861-1949) and the British physicist Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925). The "Heaviside Layer" is used as a for heaven (in the afterlife sense) in Andrew Lloyd Webber 's musical Cats. www.freeglossary.com /Kennelly-Heaviside_Layer   (539 words)

Adventures in CyberSound: Heaviside, Oliver W. In 1902 the American electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly and the British physicist and electrician Oliver W. Heaviside independently and almost simultaneously announce the probable existence of a layer of ionised gas, high in the atmosphere, that affects the propogation of radio waves and enables them to follow the curvature of the earth. Heaviside was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1891, perhaps the greatest honour he received. Heaviside was awarded the first Faraday Medal to be presented, which can now be seen at the London HQ of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. www.acmi.net.au /AIC/HEAVISIDE_BIO.html   (3355 words)

Oliver Heaviside   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) In 1887, he proposed that induction coils should be added to the transatlantic telephone cable in order to correct the distortion which it suffered. In 1902 he predicted the existence of the Kennelly-Heaviside Layer which bears his name. It uses material from the wikipedia article Oliver Heaviside. www.eurofreehost.com /ol/Oliver_Heaviside.html   (225 words)

AllRefer.com - Oliver Heaviside (Physics, Biography) - Encyclopedia He did valuable work in telephony and in the theory of electrical conduction in cables and other areas of electric theory. He suggested (1902) the existence of a layer in the upper atmosphere responsible for altering the path of certain radio waves and thus making possible long-distance transmission of signals. The same conclusion was reached independently by Arthur E. Kennelly; its existence was proven, and it is known both as the Kennelly-Heaviside layer and as the Heaviside layer. reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/Heavisid.html   (188 words)

Oliver Heaviside   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Oliver Heaviside (May 18, 1850 – February 3, 1925) was a self-taught British engineer, mathematician and physicist. In 1905 Heaviside was given an honrary doctorate by the University of Göttingen. This innovation from the reformulation of Maxwell's orignal equations gives the four vector equations known today. www.worldhistory.com /wiki/O/Oliver-Heaviside.htm   (1043 words)

AllRefer.com - Arthur Edwin Kennelly (Electrical Engineering, Biography) - Encyclopedia Much of his research was on electromagnetism and alternating currents. In 1902 he advanced the theory, also proposed by Oliver Heaviside, that a layer of ionized air in the upper atmosphere might deflect downward electromagnetic waves. The theory was demonstrated as fact, and the deflecting layer is known as the Heaviside-Kennelly layer (see ionosphere). reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/K/Kennelly.html   (218 words)

Timeline: From the January 30, 1932, issue, Science News Online, Feb. 2, 2002   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) This is the belief of Dr. I.E. Mouromtseff, research engineer of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, who has been directing the output from a short-wave transmitter as if it were the beam of a searchlight, sending it from the top of one building here to the roof of another more than a mile away. The energy that can be concentrated into a narrow radio beam is sufficient to pierce the Kennelly-Heaviside layer in the outer atmosphere, which reflects back to Earth the longer waves in common use, Dr. Mouromtseff thinks. It is possible that such small power may carry such great distances because practically all the intervening space is a high vacuum and does not absorb the waves once they get through the Earth’s atmosphere.” www.sciencenews.org /articles/20020202/timeline.asp   (564 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside Layer (Ionosphere) - April 21st Fact-of-the-Day The existence of the ionosphere was independently surmised by Arthur E. Kennelly in the United States and Oliver Heaviside in England in 1902. The idea of an electrically-conducting Kennelly-Heaviside layer about 50-miles high that would return radio waves to earth was generally accepted from shortly after that time until 1924 when the basic theory was proven and expanded to include higher regions of ionized particles. The ionosphere has been a subject of intense interest, theoretical analysis, and practical investigation ever since. www.smeter.net /daily-facts/4/fact21.php   (127 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside layer - Definition of Kennelly-Heaviside layer by Webster's Online Dictionary   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Kennelly-Heaviside layer - Definition of Kennelly-Heaviside layer by Webster's Online Dictionary Kennelly-Heaviside layer - a region of the ionosphere (from 50 to 90 miles up) that reflects radio waves of medium length E layer, E region, Heaviside layer, ionosphere, part, region www.webster-dictionary.org /definition/Kennelly-Heaviside%20layer   (51 words)

The Probert Encyclopaedia - General Information (E) The Probert Encyclopaedia - General Information (E) General Information (E) E Layer The E Layer (Kennelly-Heaviside Layer) is a region of ionised gas in the ionos here, which reflects practically all incident medium frequency radiation, absorbing very little. An earnest is a small sum of money or token given to bind a bargain between two parties. www.fas.org /news/reference/probert/A5.HTM   (5201 words)

Oliver Heaviside Related content from HighBeam Research on: Oliver Heaviside Heaviside, Oliver (1850-1925) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography) Kennelly, Arthur Edwin (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition) www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0823142.html   (153 words)

Kennelly-Heaviside Layer   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Kennelly-Heaviside Layer Kennelly-Heaviside Layer article at Free Euro Online Encyclopedia It uses material from the wikipedia article Kennelly-Heaviside Layer. www.eurofreehost.com /ke/Kennelly-Heaviside_Layer.html   (212 words)

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