Kentish (Anglo-Saxon)

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Topic: Kentish (Anglo-Saxon)

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	ANGLO-SAXON LAW - LoveToKnow Article on ANGLO-SAXON LAW
		of the Kentish laws, and Northumbrian dialectical peculiarities are also noticeable on some occasions, ANGLO-SAXON LAW
		To the first division belong the laws of the Kentish kings, ^thelberht, Hlothhere and Eadric, Withraed; those of Ine of Wessex, of Alfred, Edward the Elder, ^Ethelstan,1 Edmund, Edgar, /Ethelred and Canute; the treaty between Alfred and Guthrum and the so-called treaty between Edward and Guthrum.
		The direct influence of Roman law was not great during the Saxon period: we notice neither the transmission of important legal doctrines, chiefly through the medium of Visigothic codes, nor the continuous stream of Roman tradition in local usage.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AN/ANGLO_SAXON_LAW.htm

	Saxon
		Saxon, Wisconsin Saxon is a town located in 2000 census, the town had a total population of 350.
		Saxon, South Carolina Saxon is a town located in 2000 census, the town had a total population of 3,707.
		Saxon Shore The Saxon Shore is the collective name given to a series of Roman occupation of Britain.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/saxon.html

	Anglo-Saxons - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Still more curious is the fact that West Saxon writers regularly speak of their own nation as a part of the Angelcyn and of their language as Englisc, while the West Saxon royal family claimed to be of the same stock as that of Bernicia in the north.
		Besides Angles, Saxons and Jutes, Frisians and perhaps the Franks, are known to have taken part in the "invasions".
		One posited theory is that most sources for a "Saxon conquest" originated with historians with a partisan agenda in presenting an English identity [1].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Saxon

	Anglo-Saxons.net : Timeline: 450-550
		Saxon pirates may have been raiding the shores of Britain already by 365; in 367 there was a Roman military officer in charge of a series of fortresses along the south-eastern coast, and by the end of the century the coast itself was called the Saxon Shore.
		There is no surviving royal genealogy for the South Saxons, and beyond a brief mention of a fight between Ceolwulf of Wessex and the South Saxons in 607 we know nothing of their fortune until their re-emergence into narrative history in the 660s (see entry on 661).
		While there are details here, they cannot be accepted as reliable: since the Saxons would have been illiterate from the invasions in the 5th century until their conversion in the 7th century, the dates and details are at best a matter of traditions and later guesswork.
	www.anglo-saxons.net /hwaet?do=seek&query=450-550

	FRISIANS - LoveToKnow Article on FRISIANS
		Since the Saxons (Old Saxons) of later times were an inland people, one can hardly help suspecting either that the two nations have been confused or, what is more probable, that a considerable mixture of population, whether by conquest or otherwise, had taken place.
		They were nearly related both by speech and blood to the Saxons and Angles, and other Low German tribes, who lived to the east of the Ems and in Holstein and Schleswig.
		The rise of the power of the Franks and the advance of their dominion northwards brought on a collision with the Frisians, who in the 7th century were still in possession of the whole of the seacoast, and apparently ruled over the greater part of modern Flanders.
	85.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FR/FRISIANS.htm

	COURT - Online Information article about COURT
		The royal family of Essex may really have been of Saxon origin (see EssEx), but on the other hand the West Saxon royal family claimed to be of the same stock as that of Bernicia, and their connexions in the past seem to have lain with the Angli.
		It seems that the Saxons though apparently unable to maintain their hold so far to the west, were able to prevent the natives from recovering the lowlands.
		In the south the West Saxons are said to have conquered first Wiltshire and then all the upper part of the Thames valley, together with the country beyond as far as the Severn.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /COR_CRE/COURT.html

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Anglo-Saxon_language
		The four main dialect forms of Old English were Kentish, Mercian, Northumbrian and West Saxon.
		The second began when the Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity and Latin-speaking priests became widespread.
		It is a West Germanic language and therefore is similar to Old Frisian and Old Saxon.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Anglo-Saxon_language

	The 5th Century Anglo-Saxon Invasion of England
		The Saxons came from the coast between the Elbe and the Weser valleys and the Jutes resided north of the Angles in Danish Juteland or in Holstein.
		Archaeological evidence, in the form of saucer brooches and Saxon pottery, shows that Saxon settlement occurred in the eastern and southern part of Britain in the fourth century.
		Tacitus placed the Saxons at the neck of the Cimbric peninsula in modern Holstein in about 100 A.D. Ptolemy placed them in the same place in the mid second century.
	members.aol.com /bakken1/angsax/asinv.htm

	Stevenson's 1898 lectures on "The Anglo-Saxon Chancery"
		It is in the Kentish charters of the seventh century that most of these Roman formulas occur, and it is the Kentish charter of the eighth century that best preserves them.
		We may first consider the Kentish, as it is the oldest and the smallest group.
		They introduce modifications in the forms of instruments and commence to use formulas that were, owing to the imitation of their instruments by the West Saxon kings, long represented in more or less modified form in the later O.E. royal diplomas.
	www.trin.cam.ac.uk /users/sdk13/chartwww/STEVEN~1/stev06.htm

	Offa of Mercia - Iridis Encyclopedia
		Elsewhere in England, Offa won an important victory over the West Saxon king Cynewulf at the Battle of Bensington (in Oxfordshire) in 779, reconquering land that had earlier been lost to the West Saxons.
		In 771, a war was fought which ended in Offa's imposition of his rule over the whole of Sussex by 772 ; the South Saxon kings were afterward known merely as "dukes".
		This, according to Stenton, indicates the possibility that the Mercians were in fact defeated at Otford, but in any case Offa was certainly exercising authority over Kent by 785, and Mercian control lasted until 796, the year of Offa's death, when a rebellion under Eadbert Praen was temporarily successful in regaining Kentish independence.
	www.iridis.com /Offa

	Anglo-Saxons.net : Timeline: 757-796
		The fall of the South Saxons to Offa is also neatly demonstrated in the fact that an Osmund, king of the South Saxons, issued his own charter in 770 ( S 49) but was reduced to witnessing a charter of Offa as ealdorman in 772 ( S 108).
		It may be that Coenwulf resumed control over the East Saxons in 798, as he did over the people of Kent and shortly after that over the East Angles, but from charters we learn of another East Saxon king, Sigered, in 811.
		Coenwulf faced an invasion from Eardwulf of Northumbria c.801, cancelled the controversial archbishopric of Lichfield in 803, and famously quarelled with the archbishop of Canterbury, Wulfred, in 816.
	www.anglo-saxons.net /hwaet?do=seek&query=757-796

	Kentish Town station Definition / Kentish Town station Research
		Kentish Town station is a London Underground and National Rail National Rail is a brand name describing the passenger rail service previously provided by British Rail, the now defunct UK state-owned rail operator.
		Kentish Town Station is on Thameslink which is a five minute journey by bus from the school.
		The term is usually used to distinguish these services from other rail passenger services in the UK that do not have an ex-British Rail background.
	www.elresearch.com /Kentish_Town_station

	The Anglo-Saxon Invasion -page2
		This victory halted the Saxon advance for over 50 years and led to a generation of peace.
		Towards the end of the 5th century, the Britons, under the command of Ambrosius Aurelianus defeated the Saxons at Mount Badon.
		Mutual "disgust and sorrow" led to a break in fighting "for a long time." For the next ten years, ancient hillforts were strengthened and the Wansdyke was probably constructed.
	www.postroman.info /saxon2.htm

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Anglo-Saxon Church
		The ancient Saxon tower of Earl's Barton church near Northampton may be appealed to as an illustration of the rest.
		In England the Saxons, after establishing themselves in the south and east, in the localities now represented by Sussex and Essex, founded a great kingdom in the West which gradually absorbed almost the whole country south of the Thames.
		Undoubtedly a large part of the chopping and changing which are noticed in the delimitation of the old Saxon dioceses must be attributed to the effects of the Danish irruptions.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01505a.htm

	Kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxons - Kent
		Like most of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, later Kentish folk descended from an equal mixture of both races, Briton and Jute, since the invaders were never numerous enough to entirely displace the general population of Britons.
		Kent is controlled by King Sighere of the East Saxons.
		A West Saxon temporarily rules the kingdom in Caedwalla's name.
	www.kessler-web.co.uk /History/KingListsBritain/EnglandKent.htm

	Anglo-Saxon Laws
		The Kentish laws, on the other hand, state the actual number of helpers required, and so to the later laws from the "Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum" on, except for a reference to an oath of a pound in I Ethelred I.3, a mode of reckoning which occurs also in charters.
		A Kentish shilling was made up of twenty of them.) [if with one of] the third [class], 30 sceattas.
		Then I, Alfred, king of the West Saxons, showed these to all my councilors, and they then said that they were all pleased to observe them.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/hgarrett/documents/aslaws.html

	Anglo Saxon England
		Bede stated that the Jutes settled in the South and South-East; the Saxons in the South and Midlands, and the Angles in East Anglia, the Midlands and the North.
		The Southern Saxons' kingdom became Sussex and the Western Saxons' Wessex.
		Ceawlin became king of the Gewisse in 560; he united them with the West Saxons to form the kingdom of Wessex.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/123/123%205%20Anglo%20Saxons%20I.htm

	Kentish (Anglo-Saxon) Encyclopedia Article, History, Biography @ Local Color Art
		Kentish was spoken in the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Kent.
		"Kentish (Anglo-Saxon)" articles in these other popular reference sources:
		Information about Anglo Saxon - The Anglo-Saxons refers collectively to the groups of Germanic tribes who achieved dominance in southern Britain from the mid- 5th century forming the basis for the modern English nation.
	www.karr.net /search/encyclopedia/Kentish_%28Anglo-Saxon%29

	The Avalon Project : The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle : Introduction
		Be that as it may, the writer of the copy printed by Gale bears ample testimony to the "Saxon Chronicle", and says expressly, that he compiled his history partly from the records of the Scots and Saxons (8).
		Despairing of the reputation of classical learning, if he had followed the simplicity of the Saxon original, he fell into a sort of measured and inverted prose, peculiar to himself; which, being at first sufficiently obscure, is sometimes rendered almost unintelligible by the incorrect manner in which it has been printed.
		At the end is a confused but very curious appendix, containing that very genealogy, with some brief notices of Saxon affairs, which the fastidiousness of Beulanus, or of his amanuensis, the aforesaid Samuel, would not allow him to transcribe.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/angsax/intro.htm

	Anglo Saxon Chronicle
		A.D. This year was slain Cynric, etheling of the West- Saxons; Edbert, King of Kent, died; and Ethelbert, son of King Wihtred, succeeded to the kingdom.
		A.D. This year, in which Hedda succeeded to his bishopric, Escwin died; and Centwin obtained the government of the West- Saxons.
		A.D. This year came Eamer from Cwichelm, king of the West- Saxons, with a design to assassinate King Edwin; but he killed Lilla his thane, and Forthere, and wounded the king.
	celt.net /Celtic/msg/angsx/angsx.html

	Online Anglo-Saxon Dictionary - Bosworth and Toller
		Kentish land, Kent; Cantium:-Eást-Seaxe syndon Temese streáme tosceádene fram Centlande the East-Saxons are divided from Kent by the river Thames, Bd.
		Men of Kent, Kentish men; Cantiani:-Hí forneáh ealle west Centingas fordydon they ruined nearly all the west Kentish men, Chr.
		Ætsǽton ða Centiscan ðǽr the Kentish [men] remained there, 905; Erl.
	bosworthandtoller.co.uk /read.htm?page_nr=151

	East Anglian Archaeology - Anglo-Saxon
		Elsewhere on the site, Anglo Saxon occupation of the 5th century is demonstrated by pits and other features containing pottery, and an inhumation.
		A significant collection of animal bones associated with the early Saxon occupation indicated a dominance of cattle and it is possible that there was an increased emphasis on pastoralism in the 5th century.
		That the success of Thetford as a large and influential town was fairly short-lived was reflected in the relatively brief main span of activity, which was mostly concentrated in the 10th to early 12th centuries.
	www.eaareports.demon.co.uk /angsax.html

	Old English or Anglo-Saxon
		The Angles and Saxons moved the furthest inland, and the Jutes tended to settle on the eastern Channel coast in what is now Kent.
		Kentish dialect still preserves distinctive differences because of residual Jutish usages.
		The linguistic mixture of Old English also absorbed Norse words from resident Viking communities in the northwest, and Danish words from the eastern kingdom ruled under the "Danelaw." The language of literate English people was Latin, and Latin, too, contributed many words to Old English and its successor, Middle English.
	faculty.goucher.edu /eng211/old_english_or_anglosaxon.htm

	Anglo-Saxon England
		As Old English began to evolve, four major dialects emerged which were Kentish, spoken by the Jutes, West Saxon, the Saxon dialect, and Northumbrian and Mercian, subdivisions of the dialect spoken by the Angles.
		First called Saxons, the German invaders were later referred to as Angles, and in the year 601ce the pope referred to Aethelbert of Kent as Rex Anglorum ("king of the Angles").
		The Saxons called the native Britons, 'wealas', which meant foreigner or slave, and from this term came the modern word Welsh.
	www.uta.edu /english/tim/courses/4301w99/ashc.html

	Archaeology
		MacKreth, D.F. The Saxons in the Nene Valley (Peterborough, 1978).
		Williams, David, Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts, a Classification and Catalogue: a Contribution to the Study of Late Saxon Ornamental Metalwork (York, 1997).
		Rahtz, Philip, The Saxon and Medieval Palaces at Cheddar: Excavations, 1960-1962 (Oxford, 1979).
	www.kami.demon.co.uk /gesithas/biblio/bib09.html

	Anglo-Saxon Heathen Timeline
		Pope Gregory urges Kentish king, Ethelbert, to supress all Heathenism within his kingdom, and destroy all Heathen temples.
		Given date for the arrival of the West Saxons in Britain at Cerdicesora.
		Bishop Birinus preaches the Christian religion to the West Saxons under their king, Cynegils.
	www.englishheathenism.homestead.com /timeline.html

	Angelcynn - Clothing and Appearance of the Pagan Anglo-Saxons
		These are usually referred to as the Anglian, Saxon and Kentish or Jutish styles (and certainly their distribution coincides with Bede's description of which people settled where.
		The veil was also a common part of Kentish costume, and it is very likely to have covered the ears since ear-rings have been found, but worn on necklaces rather than in the ears.
		A few wealthy Kentish women were buried with gold brocaded fillets (perhaps known by the Latin word vitta, or the Old English words nostle, snod and þwæle), a fashion imported from the Frankish Kingdom.
	mahan.wonkwang.ac.kr /link/med/england/anglo-saxon/culture/dress.html

	The Avalon Project : Anglo-Saxon Law - Extracts From Early Laws of the English.
		I, then, Alfred, king of the West Saxons, shewed these to all my 'witan' and they then said that it seemed good to them all to be holder.
		I, then, Alfred, king, gathered these (laws) together, and commanded many of those to be written which our forefathers held, those which to me seemed good; and many of those which seemed to me not good I rejected them, by the counsel of my 'witan'....
		If any one plot against the king's life, of himself, or by harbouring of exiles, or of his men; let him be liable in his life and in all that he has....
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/medieval/saxlaw.htm

	Timeline of Anglo Saxon England 597 AD-687 AD
		The authority of the latter are disputed by the Saxon Church.
		King Aethelred of Mercia invades Kent in an attempt to enforce overlordship and diminish Kentish influence in Surrey and London.
		Augustine lands in Kent and is welcomed by King Aethelbert whose Frankish Queen is already a Christian practicing at her church of St. Martin's, Canterbury.
	www.britannia.com /history/saxontime.html

	Simon Keynes: Anglo-Saxon History: A Select Bibliography, Section Q
		A major Kentish abbey was thus ruled, during the reign of Æthelbald, king of the Mercians (716-57), by an abbess of royal 'Mercian'/Kentish parentage.
		The tale of the Kentish Princes Æthelberht and Æthelred (not mentioned in Bede) illustrates the dynastic connections between Kent, East Anglia, and Mercia in the late seventh century, and introduces us to the political and economic importance of one of the Kentish royal minsters in the eighth century.
		The West Saxon royal line was not to be outdone in saintliness by the royal lines of Kent, East Anglia, and Mercia; but the line did not begin to distinguish itself, in this respect, until the tenth century.
	www.wmich.edu /~medinst/research/rawl/keynesbib/biblioq.htm

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Topic: Kentish (Anglo-Saxon)

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In the News (Mon 16 Nov 09)