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Topic: Keplerian elements

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Orbital elements

Orbital position vector

Keplerian harmonic law

True anomaly

Astrodynamics

Mean anomaly

Eccentric anomaly

Orbital state vectors

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	Orbital elements - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The elements of an orbit are the parameters needed to specify that orbit uniquely, given a model of two ideal masses obeying the Newtonian laws of motion and the inverse-square law of gravitational attraction.
		The traditionally used set of orbital elements is called the set of Keplerian elements, after Johannes Kepler and his Kepler's laws.
		Keplerian elements can be obtained from orbital state vectors using VEC2TLE software or by some direct computations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Orbital_elements (412 words)

	SAREX Field Operations Guide
		The Keplerian elements are a set of numbers which describe the Shuttle's orbit.
		Specifically, the Keplerian elements describe an ellipse in the celestial reference frame centered on the on the earth.
		The element sets now produced by the SAREX Operations Team takes this discrepancy into account so that the orbit number produced by tracking programs which count orbits from perigee agrees with the NASA orbit number, and thus the information you are given about your contact schedule.
	www.datasync.com /~w8je/uguide/uguide7c.html (2099 words)

	Basics of Space Flight Section I. The Environment of Space
		These quantities are called orbital elements, or Keplerian elements, after Johannes Kepler (1571-1630).
		Celestial longitude of the ascending node are the remaining elements.
		The orbital period is of interest to operations, although it is not one of the six Keplerian elements needed to define the orbit.
	www2.jpl.nasa.gov /basics/bsf5-1.html (1166 words)

	Keplerian Elements
		These elements are also called Keplerian Elements after the German astronomer Johannes Kepler (1571-1630).
		This element tells you what the angle is between the equator and the orbit when looking from the center of the Earth.
		This is probably one of the most difficult of the elements to describe.
	marine.rutgers.edu /mrs/education/class/paul/orbits.html (659 words)

	Information about Kepler-data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Keplerian Elements are a set of numbers which allow satellite tracking programs to calculate a satellite's position in space.
		The keps, or 2line elements, as they are sometimes called, give us specific information about a satellite's orbit at a specific moment.
		Once these elements are known for a specific time, the satellite's position in space can be predicted using complex mathematical calculations.
	users.skynet.be /uba-ost/kepler.htm (549 words)

	Satellite Observing: Orbital Elements
		There is a standard set called the Keplerian elements that are most used and most useful.
		The Keplerian orbital elements define an orbital ellipse around the Earth, orient it three dimensionally, and place the satellite along the ellipse in time.
		The elements are only accurate for a limited period around the epoch.
	www.znark.com /sat/elements.html (936 words)

	Galileo Probe Orbital Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The orbital elements are Keplerian (semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, node angle, arg of periapsis, and mean anomaly).
		The central body for each set of elements is listed as well as the epoch and applicable period of time.
		The The remaining elements for the Galileo spacecraft are found in the Tour Elements for the primary mission and GEM Elements for the extended mission.
	www.bonus.com /contour/Project_galileo/http@@/www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/orbital-probe.html (236 words)

	What does Perigee mean?
		Elements for common satellites are distributed through amateur radio bulletin boards, and other means.
		A set of orbital elements is a snapshot, at a particular time, of the orbit of a satellite.
		It is common to estimate orbital elements from a small number of observations made over a short period of time.
	www.perigee.net /kepmodel.html (2774 words)

	Keplerian Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Keplerian elements are the inputs to a standard mathematical model of spacecraft orbits.
		See also the tutorial on Keplerian elements and the explanation of the formats used in these files.
		NASA (2-line) format elements for all satellites of interest to radio amateurs (also available stripped of headers)
	www.amsat.org /amsat/keps/menu.html (170 words)

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		Keplerian elements provide a mathematical description of a Satellite's orbit.
		Keplerian data are most commonly provided in the AMSAT and the Space Command / NASA Two-Line Element (TLE) format.
		This is the format used by NASA to distribute satellite elements in their "NASA Prediction Bulletin".
	www.drig.com /keplerian (700 words)

	[No title]
		Element set 6465 for 1996 Nov 18 was then used as seed to start a new integration of the eqautions of motion with a slightly reduced drag factor.
		The Element Set is mmdd where mm is the month and dd the day the element set was created.
		This means that ideally you should use a Keplerian element set fairly close to the orbit it represents.
	www.algonet.se /~b_gimle/readme.txt (831 words)

	File Library at Channel 1: Ham Radio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Keplerian Elements, both NASA 2 line and AMSAT verbose + STS78 Rev. 132 (both) for satellite tracking programs.
		Keplerian elements for satellite tracking programs; both AMSAT verbose and NASA 2-line versions.
		Keplerian Elements updated -- both AMSAT verbose and NASA 2 line versions.
	www.filelibrary.com /Contents/DOS/30/5.html (498 words)

	Aegean Tech
		A third format, called one-line elements or "Charlie" elements, is sometimes seen in military circles.
		The order in which orbital elements appear is not significant, except that each element set should begin with a line containing the word "satellite".
		The input of elements in this form may be terminated by a line which contains a zero for the catalog number.
	www.iyte.edu.tr /egetek/pages/links/interest/satellite.html (3623 words)

	ASEN 5070 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Given the following Earth orbiting spacecraft position and velocity vectors in Cartesian coordinates, solve for the Keplerian elements (a, e, i, W, w, M).
		Convert the Keplerian elements from problem 1 back to position and velocity.
		Compute the specific kinetic energy and specific potential energy as a function of time and plot the change in total specific energy to show that it remains constant over the two orbits.
	ccar.colorado.edu /ASEN5070/assignments/HW01/HW01.htm (131 words)

	Of elements in - Keplerian Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Positioning HTML Elements with Cascading Style Sheets extends CSS to support the positioning and visibility of HTML elements in three-dimensional space.
		New elements were discovered that filled in the holes Mendeleyev left in his table, and their atomic weights and chemical properties corresponded with
		Keplerian elements are the inputs to a standard mathematical model of You can find lots of Keplerian elements and related information on these other
	www.infoant.com /?q=of-elements-in (149 words)

	GPS Satellites
		Antenna Subassembly: The L-band antenna array on the Block I satellite is composed of twelve elements arranged in two concentric rings.
		The launchers for the inner elements are approx.
		Keplerian elements for many satellites are available from the sources listed below.
	ares.redsword.com /gps/old/sum_sat.htm (1180 words)

	Satellite Keps
		They also have a file of elements for the more visual satellites.
		The elements provided will have to be text edited with carrage returns to conform to the requirements of most satellite tracking programs.
		Unfortunately, these elements are not provided by OIG as this payload was a piggy-back to a classified military sat.
	www.hffax.de /html/hauptteil_keps.htm (395 words)

	MAEL/Keplerian Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Satellite-tracking computer software use Keplerian elements (also known as "orbital" or "tracking" elements) to pinpoint the location of a satellite at any given time.
		The Keplerian elements provide the software with a snapshot of a satellite's orbital track, which the computer uses to calculate the future whereabouts of the satellite.
		The AMSAT News Service publishes weekly bulletins containing information of interest to amateur satellite operators, including Keplerian element postings for the shuttle and popular amateur satellites.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/MAEL/ag/kepinfo.htm (213 words)

	[No title]
		The keplerian elements come in two formats - either the NASA 2-line elements (TLE) or the AMSAT verbose format elements.
		Keps, as they are sometimes called, give us specific information about a satellite's orbit at a specific moment.
		Keplerian Elements For the International Space Station 6 May, 2004
	www.telecable.es /personales/ea1bcu/kepsen.htm (796 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		These elements as well as some tracking programs are available from the CELESTIAL RCP/M, run by TS Kelso, at 513-427-0674 (Fairborn,OH) and from the Weather Fax and Remote Imaging DATALINK BBS run by Dr. Jeff Wallach, N5ITU as bulletins for some 80 + sets of satellite data.
		Use the newest elements you can find as the orbiting satellites are subject to forces which change their orbits.
		If you use Keplerian Elements more than 3 or 4 weeks old, your chances of hearing the bird are reduced.
	bhs.broo.k12.wv.us /pub/ASTRON/WEATHERP.TXT (1762 words)

	Glossary of Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		An integrated approach to the study of the Earth that stresses investigations of the interactions among the Earth's components in order to explain Earth dynamics, evolution, and global change.
		(aka ecce or EO or e) One of six Keplerian elements, it describes the shape of an orbit.
		in the Keplerian orbit model, the satellite orbit is an ellipse, with eccentricity defining the "shape" of the ellipse.
	asd-www.larc.nasa.gov /asd_over/glossary/e.html (1518 words)

	Software: FAQs - Orbit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The original Keplerian elements are the following: the semimajor axis (usually denoted as a), the eccentricity (e), the orbital inclination (i), the argument of perigee (omega), the right ascension of ascending node (OMEGA) and the mean anomaly (v).
		The seventh element is the epoch which specifies the time.
		This was not done with Radarsat until the efforts for orbit maintenance were increased for the Modified Antarctic Mapping Mission (MAMM).
	www.asf.alaska.edu /software/faq/orbit.html (324 words)

	TLE Format
		The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) developed the Two-Line Element (TLE) format for transmitting satellite Keplerian elements.
		Using even an inherently more accurate prediction model will get degraded predictions because the TLEs released by GSFC are "mean" Keplerian elements produced by removing the long- and short-term periodic variations in a particular way.
		The physical significance of each Keplerian orbital parameter is illustrated on the Orbital Description page.
	www.orbitessera.com /html/body_tle_format.html (612 words)

	Amateurfunk über Satelliten: Kepler-Elemente für Amateurfunksatelliten, Bahnberechnung, Software von Manfred Maday ...
		A NORAD two-line element set consists of two 69-character lines of data which can be used together with NORAD's SGP4/SDP4 orbital model to determine the position and velocity of the associated satellite.
		The only valid characters in a two-line element set are the numbers 0-9, the capital letters A-Z, the period, the space, and the plus and minus signs - no other characters are valid.
		Since many element sets are generated with epochs that place the satellite near its ascending node, it is important to note whether the satellite has reached the ascending node when calculating subsequent rev numbers.
	www.dc9zp.homepage.t-online.de /page11.htm (2773 words)

	TRACKING
		Based on an initial set of Keplerian elements, the SatTrack software package (Version 4.0) has been employed to propagate the orbits of the four Quatro spacecraft for a time right after deploy and for a time starting three months later.
		Questions addressed are the circumstances of passes over suitable ground stations for downlinking of science data, as well as spacecraft orbit determination.
		Also shown are the zero-elevation acquisition contours (in red) for two ground stations in Berkeley and Malindi, as well as the footprint of the selected probe, Quatro 1.
	sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu /quatro/tracking.html (715 words)

	SATELLITE - XE1BEF WEB
		Current orbital elements, Keplerian elements are updated daily as possible.
		Current keplerian elements - Amsat NA Amateur and weather satellites, Amsat format elements
		Orbitessera Latest keplerian elements, updated Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
	members.fortunecity.com /xe1bef/satellite.htm (456 words)

	Sources of orbital data. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Most often they are in the form of two-line, or Keplerian elements.
		As of 2005 Apr 01, the Space-Track.org website became the primary distributor of U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) 2-line orbital elements and related data, replacing NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Orbital Information Group (OIG), which permanently ceased operations on 2005 Mar 31.
		Additional pages for obtaining orbital elements can be found at the "Tracking Programs and TLE Resources" page, and the "Satellite Predictions" page.
	www.satobs.org /getkeps.html (290 words)

	Tracking Programs and TLE Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Space-Track.org is the primary distributor of U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) 2-line orbital elements and related data, replacing NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Orbital Information Group (OIG), which permanently ceased operations on 2005 Mar 31.
		AMSAT's WWW server provides elements of satellites of interest primarily to radio amateurs, and an excellent explanation of the Keplerian elements format.
		The SEDS archive at the University of Arizona, archives the Molczan element files (includes elements not published by NASA/USSTRATCOM) and Allen Thomson's element files, through August 2000.
	www.satobs.org /tletools.html (614 words)

	Updating Keplerian Elements
		Nova for Windows has several methods for updating Keplerian elements.
		The method that you choose depends on how you acquire new elements, whether you are connected to the internet, and whether you need to update automatically.
		Acquire a Keplerian element file and update Nova
	www.nlsa.com /help/keps/updating_keplerian_elements.html (76 words)

	Ozzie's "Space Stuff"
		Here's the latest Keplerian elements of ham radio satellites I've received by e-mail from AMSAT.
		The Celestial WWW Site, the definitive civilian web site for Keplerian elements, the mathematical variables needed by computer programs to predict satellite orbits.
		Another site with orbital Keps & background on Keplerian elements in general is Orbitessera.
	spaceyideas.com /ozzie/space.html (569 words)

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