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Keratinocyte - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The keratinocyte is the major cell type of the epidermis, making up about 90% of epidermal cells. Keratinocytes originate in the basal layer from the division of keratinocyte stem cells. Keratinocytes are shed and replaced continuously from the stratum corneum. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Keratinocyte   (193 words)

Cutaneous Biology Research Center at MGH Primary keratinocytes are easily grown in large numbers, and their differentiation can be induced under well-defined culture conditions, with a rapid and homogeneous response amenable to careful biochemical analysis. Finally, grafting of cultured keratinocytes together with other "instructing" cell types (dermal fibroblasts; dermal papilla cells) is sufficient to reproduce the complex differentiation program that occurs in vivo in the epidermis as well as hair follicles. The vast majority of growing keratinocytes in culture, as well as in the basal layer of the epidermis in vivo, is represented by transit amplifying cells. www.massgeneral.org /cbrc/pages/cbrc_Dotto.htm   (1673 words)

FGF7 - fibroblast growth factor 7 (keratinocyte growth factor) Keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR), also known as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)2 IIIb, is located in many types of epithelial cells and is activated by four known ligands (FGF-1, FGF-3, FGF-7 (also known as KGF) and FGF-10) that are predominantly synthesized by mesenchymal cells. Induction of TGF alpha in KGF-treated keratinocytes, coupled to activation and down-modulation of the EGFR, suggests that TGF alpha may be a proximal effector of KGF action for at least certain aspects of epidermal growth and differentiation. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF or FGF-7) is a recently identified 28-kd member of the FGF family that induces proliferation of a wide variety of epithelial cells, including keratinocytes within the epidermis and dermal adnexa. www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/88198.html   (5738 words)

Keratinocyte and hepatocyte growth factors in the lung: roles in lung development, inflammation, and repair -- Ware and ... Keratinocyte growth factor-induced hyperplasia of rat alveolar type II cells in vivo is resolved by differentiation into type I cells and apoptosis. Keratinocyte growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor are heparin binding growth factors for alveolar type II cells in conditioned medium. Keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor are involved in regulating early lung branching. ajplung.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/282/5/L924   (8336 words)

Keratinocyte growth factor-induced proliferation of rat airway epithelium is restricted to Clara cells in vivo -- ... Keratinocyte growth factor-induced proliferation of rat airway epithelium is restricted to Clara cells in vivo -- Fehrenbach et al. Keratinocyte growth factor-induced proliferation of rat airway epithelium is restricted to Clara cells in vivo Keratinocyte growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor are heparin-binding growth factors for alveolar type II cells in fibroblast-conditioned medium. erj.ersjournals.com /cgi/content/full/20/5/1185   (6264 words)

Keratinocyte: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22) The keratinocyte is the major cell type of the epidermis epidermis (skin) quick summary: Stratum germinativum or stratum basale is the layer of keratinocytes that lies at the base of the epidermis immediately above the dermis.... Keratinocytes originate in the basal layer from the division of keratinocyte stem cell[For more facts and a topic of this subject, click this link]s. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ke/keratinocyte.htm   (714 words)

Critical roles of PPARbeta /delta in keratinocyte response to inflammation -- Tan et al. 15 (24): 3263 -- Genes and ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22) Keratinocyte cultures were treated for 24 h with the inducers indicated. in the context of keratinocytes exposed to TNF- Keratinocytes were trypsinized and replated into 12-well culture plates, and incubated for 24 h to reach 40%-50% confluence. www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/15/24/3263   (5215 words)

Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Does Not Alter Keratinocyte Wound Responses in the Mouse Epidermis after Abrasion ... Eckert RL, Crish JF and Robinson NA (1997) The epidermal keratinocyte as a model for the study of gene regulation and cell differentiation. Pentland AP and Needleman P (1986) Modulation of keratinocyte proliferation in vitro by endogenous prostaglandin synthesis. Scholz K, Furstenberger G, Muller-Decker K and Marks F (1995) Differential expression of prostaglandin-H synthase isoenzymes in normal and activated keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/304/3/959   (5432 words)

Keratinocyte Production of Cathelicidin Provides Direct Activity against Bacterial Skin Pathogens -- Braff et al. 73 ... hBD-3 are elevated in keratinocytes of psoriatic lesions, and on its increased susceptibility to cathelicidin in keratinocyte It was noteworthy that the magnitude of inhibition of keratinocyte iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/10/6771   (5689 words)

Keratinocyte Finally, the basal keratinocytes are joined to the basement membrane through a complex series of interactions. To estimate the territory or surface area covered by a single stem-cell-derived KC population in human skin, clonal skin maps were created from 3 healthy adult women and from normal skin of a psoriatic patient. The exact molecular mechanism of the blister formation in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) remained to be elucidated for 3 decades since exfoliative toxin was discovered by Melish and Glasgow in 1970. www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /bodysites/skin_keratinocyte.htm   (949 words)

Ask A Scientist - Skin cells When a moisturizer claims to be able to "restore" and "rejuvenate" these cells, the claim probably refers to its ability to add to the lipid component in between the cells, which plumps the skin up a bit and takes away the crusty look. The only keratinocytes that "grow" in the epidermis are found in the basal layer, next to the basal membrane that separates the dermis from the epidermis. After the basal layer, there are between five and seven more layers of keratinocytes in the spinous layer. www.hhmi.org /cgi-bin/askascientist/highlight.pl?kw=&file=answers/general/ans_017.html   (293 words)

BioCarta - Charting Pathways of Life   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22) The keratinocyte differentiation studies have identified and provided significant detail regarding the involvement of three of the 4 major MAP kinase pathways (see MAPKinase Signaling Pathway) from several diverse stimuli such as EGF, FAS, TNF and Calicium influx. The keratinocyte differentiation cascased also provide for detailed study of the functions of individual PKC isoforms. Notch signaling is a direct determinant of keratinocyte growth arrest and entry into differentiation. www.biocarta.com /pathfiles/m_keratinocytePathway.asp   (541 words)

Increased keratinocyte proliferation by JUN-dependent expression of PTN and SDF-1 in fibroblasts -- Florin et al. 118 ... Increased keratinocyte proliferation by JUN-dependent expression of PTN and SDF-1 in fibroblasts -- Florin et al. Increased keratinocyte proliferation by JUN-dependent expression of PTN and SDF-1 in fibroblasts Differentiation and proliferation of primary keratinocytes was visualized by staining for keratin 10 (early differentiation), involucrin and MIB1 (proliferation). jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/118/9/1981   (4528 words)

Keratinocyte Growth Factor Receptor is Up-regulated in Cyclosporin A-induced Gingival Hyperplasia -- Das et al. 81 ... Keratinocyte Growth Factor Receptor is Up-regulated in Cyclosporin A-induced Gingival Hyperplasia -- Das et al. Keratinocyte growth factor is upregulated by the hyperplasia-inducing drug nifedipine. Serum growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines are potent inducers of activin expression in cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes. jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/81/10/683   (3253 words)

Protein Kinase C{delta} Regulates Keratinocyte Death and Survival by Regulating Activity and Subcellular Localization ... Keratinocytes were infected with the indicated doses of empty or PKC Keratinocytes were incubated for 48 h with individual viruses as in Fig. Keratinocytes were treated in the absence or presence of H mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/24/18/8167   (4531 words)

Palifermin (Keratinocyte Growth Factor) Information Page Palifermin is a modified version of a naturally occurring human protein called keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) that is manufactured in a laboratory. KGF stimulates the growth of cells in tissues such as the skin and the surface layer of the mouth, stomach, and colon. Palifermin works by attaching to a protein called keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFr); after attachment of cells to the receptor, the cells are stimulated to reproduce, grow, and develop. www.fda.gov /cder/drug/infopage/palifermin/paliferminQA.htm   (560 words)

Antibodies against keratinocyte antigens other than desmogleins 1 and 3 can induce pemphigus vulgaris-like lesions -- ... S]methionine-labeled human keratinocytes were immunoprecipitated with three different PV sera, one PF serum, and two sera from healthy volunteers, as detailed in Methods. Grando, S.A., and Dahl, M.V. Activation of keratinocyte muscarinic acetylcholine receptors reverses pemphigus acantholysis. Grando, S.A. Autoimmunity to keratinocyte acetylcholine receptors in pemphigus. www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/106/12/1467   (9102 words)

Up-Modulation of the Expression of Functional Keratinocyte Growth Factor Receptors Induced by High Cell Density in the ... Reich-Slotky R., Bonneh-Barkay D., Shaoul E., Bluma B., Svahn C. M., Ron D. Differential effect of cell-associated heparan sulfates on the binding of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and acidic fibroblast growth factor to the KGF receptor. Poumay Y., Pittelkow M. Cell density and culture factors regulate keratinocyte commitment to differentiation and expression of suprabasal K1/K10 keratins. Krane J. F., Murphy D. P., Carter M., Krueger J. Sinergistic effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insuline-like growth factor 1/somatomedin C (IGF-1) on keratinocyte proliferation may be mediated by IGF-1 transmodulation of the EGF receptor. cgd.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/11/607   (4348 words)

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-dependent Control of Keratinocyte Survival and Bcl-xL Expression through a ... Normal foreskin keratinocytes and HaCaT cells were maintained in culture as described earlier (10). Primary human keratinocytes (NHK) and immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes were seeded in MCDB medium supplemented with insulin (5 µg/ml) and inhibitors at the concentrations indicated. To maintain MEK activity in cultured keratinocytes EGFR activation is indispensable. www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/9/6320   (5100 words)

Keratinocyte growth factor induces hyperproliferation and delays differentiation in a skin equivalent model system -- ... Keratinocyte seeding medium was a 3:1 mixture of DMEM Human keratinocytes genetically modified with a recombinant retrovirus encoding KGF were grown to confluence on plastic (A) or used to generate skin equivalents by seeding on the surface of acellular dermis and raising to the air/liquid interface (B). Keratinocyte Growth Factor Stimulates Migration and Hyaluronan Synthesis in the Epidermis by Activation of Keratinocyte Hyaluronan Synthases 2 and 3 www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/15/6/898   (4853 words)

THE PATHOGENESIS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS -- Sugerman et al. 13 (4): 350 -- Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine I on lesional keratinocytes and trigger keratinocyte apoptosis. by T-cells adjacent to basal keratinocytes in OLP lesions and differentiation and apoptosis of keratinocytes in vitro (Flanders and Roberts, 2001). crobm.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/4/350   (6501 words)

E-Cadherin Expression in Melanoma Cells Restores Keratinocyte-Mediated Growth Control and Down-Regulates Expression of ... Keratinocytes down-regulate cell surface expression of Mel-CAM (a–d) and ß3 integrin subunit (e–h) by E-cadherin-expressing melanoma cells. Expression of ß3 integrin subunit of melanoma cells after transduction of E-cadherin is not altered in the absence of keratinocytes. Keratinocytes inhibit invasion of E-cadherin-expressing melanoma cells into the dermis in human skin reconstructs. ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/156/5/1515   (5193 words)

Identification of two keratinocyte stem cell regulatory loci implicated in skin carcinogenesis -- Popova et al. 24 (3): ... Mouse keratinocyte colonies from C57BL/6 and BALB/c female mice after 2 and 4 weeks of cultivation on the radiated 3T3 (Swiss) fibroblasts as a feeder layer. LOD score plots for the number of small and large keratinocyte colonies are shown at the bottom. Candidate genes for involvement in the regulation of keratinocyte stem cell number are in boldface. carcin.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/24/3/417   (4479 words)

Pemphigus Vulgaris Antibody Identifies Pemphaxin. A NOVEL KERATINOCYTE ANNEXIN-LIKE MOLECULE BINDING ACETYLCHOLINE -- ... A and B, the PV IgG immunoaffinity-purified on the horizontal strip excised from the 75-kDa area of the immunoblotting membrane produced intercellular epithelial staining of both normal human skin (A) and monkey esophagus (B) in IIF experiments. No such changes could be observed in a parallel control experiment in which a confluent keratinocyte monolayer was treated with PV IgG immunoaffinity-purified on the 130-kDa horizontal strip (not shown). The drugs that act at keratinocyte cholinergic receptors have been shown to alter cell motility and adhesion. www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/275/38/29466   (8438 words)

Novel Human {alpha}9 Acetylcholine Receptor Regulating Keratinocyte Adhesion is Targeted by Pemphigus Vulgaris ... The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-resolved membrane protein extract of cultured human oral keratinocytes was used as the substrate for immunoblotting. Note: separation of individual keratinocytes from neighboring cells is followed by peripheral cytoplasmic blebbing and cell rounding-up. Total RNA was extracted from second passage human gingival keratinocytes and used as a template in RT-PCR experiments detailed in the Material and Methods section. ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/157/4/1377   (7481 words)

Induction of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Lymphocytic Infiltration by In Vivo Introduction of the IL-6 Gene into ... Induction of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Lymphocytic Infiltration by In Vivo Introduction of the IL-6 Gene into Keratinocytes and Possibility of Keratinocyte Gene Therapy for Inflammatory Skin Diseases Using IL-6 Mutant Genes -- Sawamura et al. In vivo transfer of a foreign gene to keratinocytes using the hemagglutinating virus of Japan-liposome method. Keratinocyte gene therapy for systemic diseases: circulating interleukin-10 released from gene transferred keratinocytes inhibits contact hypersensitivity at distant areas of the skin. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/161/10/5633   (4652 words)

{alpha}3{beta}1 integrin promotes keratinocyte cell survival through activation of a MEK/ERK signaling pathway -- ... Exogenous FRNK expression induces keratinocyte apoptosis on LN-5 ECM. 6ß4 (fl integrin) is polarized to the basal cell surface in hemidesmosomes, where it mediates stable adhesion of keratinocytes to LN-5 in the basement membrane. 3ß1 integrin as a regulator of cytoskeletal assembly and as a transdominant inhibitor of integrin receptor function in keratinocytes. jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/117/18/4043   (6751 words)

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