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	[No title]
		The main Keriat Hatorah is during the Shabbat morning service when the weekly Parasha is read.
		The Keriat Hatorah should be performed in a Minyan (a congregation of ten males over the age of thirteen).
		Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this program, or any portion of it, may result in severe civil and criminal penalties, and will be prosecuted to the maximum extent possible under the law.
	bible.ort.org /books/cant4.asp?action=textdisplay&id=7 (832 words)

	VBM Torah Studies
		Although keriat ha-Torah (the reading of the Torah) occupies a prominent position within the liturgy, there are only three occasions on which we read from the Torah during Mincha - Shabbat, Yom Kippur, and general fasts.
		In general, keriat ha-Torah is merely an opportunity to study Torah in a public setting.
		If keriat ha-Torah were truly part of the teshuva process, it should certainly be performed in the afternoon as well.
	www.vbm-torah.org /3weeks/tisha60mt.htm (2121 words)

	[No title]
		Though there is some disagreement about the moment UNTIL which keriat shema may be performed, all opinions in the mishna designate tzeit ha-kokhavim (the appearance of evening stars) as the moment FROM which this mitzva may be fulfilled.
		By contrast, Rabbi Eliezer may view keriat shema as a function of the period of retiring to sleep, and therefore shema cannot be recited after a third of the evening has passed and most people have already retired.
		Were the Yerushalmi to condition keriat shema upon the "period of sleep" - zeman shekhiva, pre-tzeit recitation of shema would not be considered a safek (doubt) and would not prove the status of a doubtful recitation.
	vbm-torah.org /archive/metho66/26metho.htm (893 words)

	[No title]
		Keriat Hatorah, or Leinen in Yiddish, is the public recitation in the synagogue of sections of the Five Books of Moses (The Pentateuch) which constitutes a very essential part of the service.
		This practice is very ancient and the source is found in the Jerusalem Talmud (Megilla, 4) where it tells us that Moses established the custom of the Reading of the Law on Shabbat, festivals, new moons and the intermediate days of a festival (Chol Hamoed).
		The aim of this practice was to bring the law and its spirit close to the hearts of the people.
	bible.ort.org /books/cant4.asp?action=textdisplay&id=5 (405 words)

	women learning to lein with trop - Hashkafah.com
		When we recite keriat shema, the poskim advise reciting it with the proper trop.
		And in the example of keriat shema, it's how it should be said, so if women are saying it, then say it right.
		Although when we learn in the beis medrash we like to shout out the gemara in a melodic sing-song, we forget that all tanach verses have a tune - the trop - and we perhaps should use the trop even when we're just learning torah she-bichtav, and not just during davening and leining.
	www.hashkafah.com /index.php?showtopic=3468 (2032 words)

	Jinuj.net: Keriat Shemá o Shemá
		La Keriat Shemá, en tanto plegaria establecida para ser recitada en Shajarit y Arvit, comprende tres porciones de la Torá (Devarim 6: 4-9; Devarim 11: l3-21; Bemidbar 15: 37-41).
		Técnicamente hablando la Keriat Shemá puede ser dicha independientemente del resto de las tefilot, ya que la mitzvá de la Torá de que sea dicha dos veces por día en nada se relaciona con el servicio de tefilot cotidianas.
		En los mismos ellos apelaban al cumplimiento de la mitzvá de Keriat Shemá, para fortalecer así la resolución espiritual de la nación y acelerar la Redención universal; mientras otros ortodoxos enseñaban a poner tefilín o ayudaban a hacerlo o brindaban la oportunidad de vestir tzitzit.
	jinuj.net /articulos_ver.php?id=496 (4029 words)

	HISTORY OF PRAYER
		Keriat hatorah in Faustad was that the kahal saying the parasha or the weekly division and the hazan reads the sedarim according to the ancient minhag.(6:7) The people took upon themselves to read according to the Bavli tradition.
		Keriat shema was said in ½ sentences – hazan would say half and the congregation would say half – not kiyum of Talmud Torah, but of kabbalat ol – the method of saying keriat shema evolved based on kabbalat ol.
		Keriat shema once for early morning and once when you go to sleep
	yucs.org /~jyuter/notes/historyofprayer.html (14145 words)

	Covenant and Conversation - Vayetse
		WE SOMETIMES FORGET THAT THE PHRASE KERIAT HA-TORAH DOES NOT SIMPLY MEAN “READING THE TORAH.” In biblical Hebrew the verb likro means not “to read” but “to call.” The phrase mikra’ei kodesh, “festivals,” literally means “holy convocations,” days on which the people were called or summoned together.
		Keriat ha-Torah therefore means, not reading but proclaiming the Torah, reading it aloud.
		The one who reads it has the written word in front of him, but for the rest of the gathering it is an experience not of the eye but of the ear.
	www.chiefrabbi.org /thoughts/vayetse5764.htm (2421 words)

	Tur Oc 73 - Hashkafah.com
		There's an inyan to say keri'at shema (and other torah passages such as birkat kohanim) with the ta'amim as if one is leining.
		But this siman is talking about how to recite keriat shema when naked in bed with someone else.
		It might be obvious to you, but I suspect it's less obvious to those on h.com who insist on full regalia for Ha-mapil or who question those who recite keriat shema or berachot in pajamas.
	www.hashkafah.com /index.php?showtopic=32052 (1140 words)

	Mail-Jewish Volume 27 Number 25
		Yemenite pronunciation has been discussed in the past on MJ, but suffice it to say that the Yemenite Jews preserved distinctive sounds for all of the Hebrew consonants, and well as their own system of vowelization.
		They also have their own set of Zemirot called the "Diwan", some of the songs in Judeo-Arabic (Arabic with Hebrew lettering.) Torah and Psak: There were outstanding talmidei hakhamim in Yemen, mostly unknown to the outside world.
		In Yemen, in fact, each verse in Keriat ha-Torah was actually read three times: The pasuk, Onkelos, and Saadia Gaon's Arabic translation, the "Tafsir".
	www.ottmall.com /mj_ht_arch/v27/mj_v27i25.html (2217 words)

	Halachah in Brief #103 Keriat Shma
		Aside from its deceptive complexity, the mitsvah of keriat Shema stands out from the ones we have seen before in that it is the first from which women are exempt, and will therefore introduce us to the concept of a mitsvat aseh she-hazman grama, a positive time-related commandment.
		At the beginning of Hilkhot Keriat Shema, he lists the 3 parashiyot we have to read, explains why, and, at the end of halakhah 3, says that reading these three paragraphs in order is what we call keriat Shema.
		Were his point in citing the passage to show that he was right in his view of prayer, he should have quoted it in the mitsvah of tefillah.
	www.rjconline.org /hib103.htm (953 words)

	Keriat Shema - The Recitation of the Shema in Hebrew
		Keriat Shema - The Recitation of the Shema in Hebrew
		Please be patient as the sound file loads....
		And thou shalt write them upon the posts of thy house, and on thy gates.
	www.hebrew4christians.com /Scripture/Torah/The_Shema/Keriat_Shema/keriat_shema.html (136 words)

	Avodah V7 #34
		The explanation seems to lie in the essence of the mitzva of Keriat Shema: "kabbalat ol malkhut Shamayim" -- one's accepting upon himself the yoke of G-d's kingship.
		Although Keriat Shema involves, as stated, "kabbalat ol malkhut Shamayim," and in this regard Keriat Shema likely surpasses tefilla, nevertheless, Keriat Shema does not require a sense of standing before the King.
		With regard to the final berakha of Keriat Shema, Rashi and Rashba felt that we cannot establish one as standing before G-d through the recitation of Keriat Shema, since, as stated, this recitation does not require a sense of speaking before the King.
	www.aishdas.org /avodah/vol07/v07n034.shtml (4490 words)

	Q & A: Two Left The Minyan
		Rema adds, "If a few left after they started to pray 'Yotzer or' [the beginning of Birkat Keriat Shema], the sheliach tzibbur shall not start to say the Amida [Chazarat HaShatz] in a loud voice since Birkat Keriat Shema was already concluded." Thus the Amida is treated as a separate tefilla.
		As regards Ma'ariv, Rema rules that the subsequent Kaddish is not connected to Birkat Keriat Shema.
		Therefore, if they started Birkat Keriat Shema with ten men and some left, the Taz — cited by the Mishna Berura — rules that he may only recite the Kaddish at the conclusion of Birkat Keriat Shema, but not the Kaddish after the Amida, as that Amida is not considered tefilla betzibbur (a congregational prayer).
	www.jewishpress.com /page.do/17348/Q_&_A:_Two_Left_The_Minyan.html (1120 words)

	Edah Journal Responses
		I wrote that, “women may not be the agent for men to fulfill their obligation of these Berakhot”.
		The passage from the Meiri’s commentary to Megillah 24a, quoted by Rabbi Shapiro on p.
		7 of his article and referred to in page 3 of his response, that concerning Keri’at Hatorah, unlike other Mitzvot, it is not necessary to have someone who is himself obligated fulfill the obligation on behalf of others, talks about minors, but not about women.
	www.edah.org /backend/coldfusion/Journal_resp.cfm?id=27 (1039 words)

	Mail-Jewish Volume 48 Number 43
		Apparently, at some point the words "Ofanim v'chayot" were abbreviated as Aleph-Vav-"-Chet and a later scribe did not know what the abbreviation was and expanded it incorrectly to "Adir v'chazak".
		From the context, and based on what we say just before keriat shema, "ofanim v'chayot" makes much more sense, and also solves your problem of the adjectives behaving as a noun.
		See Machzor Vitry 481 "Ofan" where the text is "v'az ofanim v'chayot mitra'ashim, l'haaritz la-el ne'edar bakodesh, umitnassim leumat sarfei kodesh, leumatam..." - however this appears to be part of some sort of piyut for a chatan, and does not appear to be referring the regular kedushah.
	www.ottmall.com /mj_ht_arch/v48/mj_v48i43.html (1746 words)

	YourMohel.com - Baby Naming
		Baby naming (or Keriat ha’shem): It is the second part of the Brit Ceremony and it is as important as the Milah.
		After the Mohel has performed the Brit, a special blessing upon a cup of wine is recited and the baby is given his Hebrew name.
		It is been common for Jews to give their children two names since the Middle Ages: a secular name (used in day-to-day life) and a Hebrew one (reserved for Hebrew school, religious purposes for legal documents).
	www.yourmohel.com /baby_naming.html (218 words)

	Avodah V2 #159
		Indeed, the din of shok, se'ar and kol ishah all seem to apply equally to all women and all arise in the Gemara in the context of keriat shema.
		In sum, we have a general rule prohibiting histaklut be-ervah (intentionally), and a rule prohibiting reciting keriat shema in front of ervah (even if he is not mitkavven; see Bah to OH 75.) Now, as the Shulhan Arukh notes, we are not makpid with respect to the hair of a betulah -- for keriat shema.
		For this reason, they rule that it is forbidden today to recite keriat shema in front of a married woman with uncovered hair.
	www.aishdas.org /avodah/vol02/v02n159.shtml (4052 words)

	Rabbi Zvi Sobolofsky - The Song of Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		They wanted to institute the reading of the megillah as an eternal commemoration of the miraculous events that had transpired, but were concerned with this being considered an "addition to the Torah." Ultimately, they delved into the Torah itself to find a source obligating the commemoration of a miracle.
		Chazal concluded that just as the Jewish people celebrated the culmination of Yetzias Mitzrayim by praising Hashem at Keriat Yam Suf with the singing of "Az Yashir", so too the events of Purim should be celebrated by praising Hashem, the Megillah acting as the vehicle of praise.
		Chazal noted that there is a greater cause for celebration following the miracle of Purim: At Keriat Yam Suf it was freedom that was at stake, at Purim it was life itself that was threatened.
	www.torahweb.org /torah/2000/moadim/rsob_succos.html (521 words)

	Kashrut.Org :: Q & A Board :: View Post (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Is sof zeman keriat shema an exact time?
		For example, when they announce in shul that sof zeman keriat shema is 9:44, is it OK to say shema a few minutes after this?
		After all, Chazal didn't have clocks and couldn't give an exact time.
	www.kashrut.org /forum/viewpost.asp?mid=4393 (112 words)

	Parshat Va'etchanan 5765 - OU Torah Insights Project
		We would like to examine a law related to reciting keriat Shema in public that should shed light on its meaning and goal.
		Halachot Gedolot (a work compiled during the period of the Gaonim, possibly by R. Shimon Kayyara, 8th Century) teaches that if an individual has already fulfilled his obligation to read Shema, and then enters a synagogue when the congregation is reading Shema, then he should read the first verse together with them.
		The reason for requiring the individual to join the community in keriat Shema is “so that he should not appear as though he does not want to accept the yoke of Heaven with his comrades.”
	www.ou.org /torah/ti/5765/vaetchanan65.htm (1106 words)

	YUTOPIA: Don't Forget To Remember
		This assumption has bothered me for some time, as well as the cavalier attitude with which it is presented.
		This "reading" is biblical in the sense that there is a specific text which must be spoken - simliar to keriat shema - as opposed to reading a regular Torah portion.
		The earliest source I have found advocating a bibilical requirement for reading zachor with a minyan is the Rosh (1250-1327) (Berachot 7:20).
	yutopia.yucs.org /archives/2006/02/dont_forget_to_remember.html (1576 words)

	Sermons The Year 'Round by Rabbi Bernard L. Berzon
		THE COMMENTARIES ask why Rashi, in the name of the sages, has singled out the two miracles of keriat yam-suf --the splitting of the sea-- and milchemet Amallek --the defeat of Amalek in battle-- as the reason for the coming of Jethro to the camp of Israel?
		Doesn't the Torah itself tell us that he was induced to come because of other great news that reached his hearing --"All that God had done for Moses and for Israel, his people, that the Lord had brought forth Israel our of Egypt" (Exod.
		Evidently Rashi and the sages felt that these miracles were unique and, therefore, had a powerful impact on the mind and heart of Jethro and impelled him to come and pronounce his famous blessing of baruch hashem (Ibid.
	www.jr.co.il /books/rberzon/styr034.htm (740 words)

	Pomeranzbooks.com online book store (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On the Importance of the Mitzvah of Settling the Land of Israel.
		On Orach Chaim, Tefilah, Shabbat, Keriat Shema and Aveylut
		Advise from the Rebbe of the Warsaw Ghetto
	www.pomeranzbooks.com /m-pomeranz?iCategoryID=350 (152 words)

	Women's Megilla Reading \ Aryeh A. Frimer
		Various suggestions have been put forward as to the second, e.g., zekhirat Amalek (remembering to destroy Amalek), keriat haHallel (equivalent to reciting Hallel), or talmud Torah (learning the laws of the Holiday).
		In addition, keriat ha-Megilla is essentially a private obligation which can be preformed in private, in the absence of a minyan; keriat haTorah, on the other hand, is a communal obligation requiring a minyan.
		Aryeh Pomeronchik, Emek Berakha, vaYelekh beTokh haEmek (collection at end of volume), Keriat Megilla, no. 3 takes the opposite position - that it may be possible for women to read for men but only at the day reading.
	www.daat.ac.il /daat/english/tfila/frimer2.htm (9886 words)

	NSHA HS: Under Construction
		Emphasis is placed on building textual skills through the use of Gemara Berurah in order to demand proficiency of understanding the Talmudic text.
		The goal of this is course is for the student to better appreciate the daily mitzvot in the life of a Jew.
		The goal of this course is for the student to better appreciate the mitzvoth relating to Purim, promote independent learning, and complete an entire Tractate.
	www.nshahs.org /kodesh_talmud.html (320 words)

	The Lookstein Center
		Various suggestions have been put forward as to the second, e.g., zekhirat Amalek (remembering to destroy Amalek), keriat haHallel (equivalent to reciting Hallel), or talmud Torah (learning the laws of the Holiday).
		In addition, keriat ha-Megilla is essentially a private obligation which can be preformed in private, in the absence of a minyan; keriat haTorah, on the other hand, is a communal obligation requiring a minyan.
		Isaac Yosef, Yalkut Yosef, V, Dinei Keriat Megilla, sec.
	www.lookstein.org /articles/women_megilla_reading.htm (9753 words)

	Halachah in Brief #104 Talmud Torah
		The exact definition is important in two ways: First, it helps us re-think the Torah education we strive for ourselves and strive to provide our children.
		Second, since, like keriat Shema, women were not obligated in this mitsvah, the exact definition becomes crucial to understanding which part of Jewish life the Torah here did not feel was crucial to women’s spiritual existence.
		The elements of Rambam's presentation in the Sefer haMitsvot already strongly indicate that study per se is not the focus of this mitsvah.
	www.rjconline.org /hib104.htm (995 words)

	The Shem Mishmuel on Parshat Behar - Print Version - Darche Noam Institutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Zohar says that when the Torah speaks to all of Israel but uses the singular (for example, the first paragraph of Keriat Shema), it's words are directed at the collective unit of the people of Israel.
		A plural "you", on the other hand, is directed at each and every individual of the people of Israel (like in the second paragraph of Keriat Shema).
		Plugging it in to our Parsha, the Shemita section is directed at Klal Yisrael as a unit, whereas Yovel is directed at each individual within Klal Yisrael.
	www.darchenoam.org /articles/web/parsha/ar_behar_pf.htm (338 words)

	Avot145
		It would stand to reason, since it is said to symbolize the beginning of a life of Talmud Torah, whereas Deut.
		Education is usually impressed upon a child sooner than the mitzvah of Keriat Shema.
		I think the intention of the sages was that the child was to be taught how to recite both verses together.
	www.bmv.org.il /shiurim/avot/avot145.html (1039 words)

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