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Topic: Ketogenic diet

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	Epilepsy Action: The Ketogenic Diet
		The ketogenic diet is not a ‘fad’ or a ‘quack diet’, but rather is an alternative medical treatment for children with difficult-to-control epilepsy.
		As new drugs were developed, the ketogenic diet was used less frequently, and since fewer dieticians were trained in the subtleties of the diet, it was used less frequently and often less successfully.
		If the diet was effective in decreasing the seizures it was, in general, well tolerated, and the most frequent reason for discontinuing the diet was that it was insufficiently effective to warrant the dietary restrictions.
	www.epilepsy.org.uk /info/ketogenic.html (1944 words)

	Ketogenic diet offers alternative to drugs for epilepsy
		Studies have focused on efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet, which may be used instead of drug therapy for refractory epilepsy in some children.
		The ketogenic diet was an outgrowth of that observation.
		The ketogenic diet is primarily used under medical supervision to treat children for a limited period of time, after which the diet may be slowly tapered and regular food slowly re-introduced, according to the Epilepsy Foundation.
	www.medcomres.com /articles/ketogenic_diet.htm (1139 words)

	KETOGENIC DIET
		This is unfortunate because the probability of sustaining an improvement in seizure activity appears to be correlated with remaining on the diet; this also may be interpreted to mean that the ability to remain on the diet influences the ability to sustain control of seizures.
		Of the 29 patients, 12 received a ketogenic diet in a 3:1 ratio, meaning that the diet was 3 parts fat to 1 part protein/carbohydrate, 14 received a diet with a 4:1 ratio, 2 patients received a 5:1 ratio, and one patient received an MCT diet.
		In general, the rats on the ketogenic diet did better in several tests, such as the "water maze", which measures the ability to learn and remember the location of food on a platform in a pool of water through which the rat has to swim to reach the food.
	w3.ouhsc.edu /neuro/division/cope/ketogen.htm (2077 words)

	Ketogenic diet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The ketogenic diet is a very high fat diet that relies on inducing a state of ketosis.
		The diet is often perceived as more effective in children than adults, particularly when anticonvulsant drug therapy is ineffective (20%-30% of patients) or contraindicated, however, data from the 1920s and 1930s, as well as recently, shows similar results.
		The diet of the Inuit is similar to the Ketogenic diet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ketogenic_diet (1178 words)

	EPILEPSY FOUNDATION OF COLORADO
		The ketogenic diet must be worked out by a dietitian, weighed out in grams by the family, and followed by a doctor just as if it were a course of drug treatment.
		The diet is usually given in the form of fatty foods and cream, with a 4 to 1 ratio of fat to protein and carbohydrate.
		The diet is primarily used to treat children for a limited period of time, after which the diet may be slowly tapered and regular food slowly re-introduced.
	www.epilepsycolorado.org /ketogenic.html (554 words)

	Ketogenic Diet : Epilepsy.com
		The ketogenic diet is a special high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that helps to control seizures in some people with epilepsy.
		The ketogenic diet has been shown in case reports and case series to be particularly effective for some epilepsy conditions.
		Several studies have shown that the ketogenic diet does reduce or prevent seizures in many children whose seizures could not be controlled by medications.
	www.epilepsy.com /epilepsy/treatment_ketogenic_diet.html (1263 words)

	Neurology - Strong Epilepsy Center - Treatments - Ketogenic Diet
		The Ketogenic Diet is intended for children who are significantly disabled by their seizures.
		At the initiation of the ketogenic diet, a 4-5 day hospital stay is necessary to monitor the effects of the diet and to complete all the required teaching.
		The diet is tailored to the individual child and the Clinical Nutritionist calculates various recipes which are suitable for that particular child.
	www.stronghealth.com /services/neurology/epilepsy/ketogenicdiet.cfm (920 words)

	Ketogenic Diet
		The basis of the ketogenic diet is the brain’s ability to utilize ketones as an energy source.
		If your child is a good candidate for the ketogenic diet after a thorough evaluation, his or her pediatric neurologist or epileptologist will refer you to a pediatric epilepsy center with an epileptologist and dietician experienced in implementing and managing the diet.
		The ketogenic diet is an effective treatment option for refractory epilepsy in children and is the treatment of choice for some inborn errors of metabolism.
	www.neuro.wustl.edu /epilepsy/pediatric/articleKetogenicDiet.html (2020 words)

	Ketogenic Diet Overview
		Still, the diet remained generally under-utilized, being utilized mainly at institutions such as the Mayo Clinic and Johns Hopkins, until the 1990s when a national television program aired a report on a child whose epilepsy was cured by the ketogenic diet.
		The classic ketogenic diet starts with a period of fasting and relative dehydration aimed at achieving ketosis, which is reflected by elevated ketone levels in the urine.
		The ketogenic diet also increases the risk of nephrolithiasis, a risk that may increase in patients taking carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide or, potentially, with newer broad-spectrum anticonvulsants that act (in part) at this same enzyme (e.g., topiramate and zonisamide).
	www.charliefoundation.org /noframes/diet/overview.php (2840 words)

	Ketogenic Diet for Seizure Control
		The composition of the diet induces ketosis, a physiologic state in which circulating ketone bodies are used as the primary fuel source in the absence of simple sugars.
		The ketogenic diet is quite restrictive, requiring the cooperation of the patient, family, and an appropriately trained dietitian.
		As currently practiced, the ketogenic diet is typically initiated in an inpatient setting, principally to monitor the patient during the initial fasting period, but also presumably to provide the intense education required to maintain a ketogenic diet once discharged.
	www.regence.com /trgmedpol/medicine/med17.html (982 words)

	NSE : Information on epilepsy: ketogenic diet
		The ketogenic diet is a high fat, low carbohydrate, low protein diet that has been used since the 1920s for the treatment of epilepsy.
		During the diet the level of ketones that your child makes needs to be carefully measured to see if their body is getting energy from the fat they are eating.
		The diet has been shown to significantly reduce the number of seizures in some children who have epilepsy that is difficult to control.
	www.epilepsynse.org.uk /pages/info/leaflets/keto.cfm (1003 words)

	Ketogenic diet - Children's Memorial Hospital (Chicago, IL)
		The ketogenic diet is one that is high in fat and low in carbohydrates or sugar and may be helpful in treating your child's seizures.
		But in the ketogenic diet, the high proportion of fat versus protein and carbohydrate causes the body to use fat instead of carbohydrates (sugar or glucose) for energy.
		Your child's diet will be monitored closely by the dietitian to ensure that your child has enough calories to continue to grow and stay healthy.
	www.childrensmemorial.org /depts/neurocenter/epilepsy/ketogenic.asp (1181 words)

	EFCR: Ketogenic Diet
		The Ketogenic Diet is a high-fat, very low carbohydrate diet used in children who have epilepsy that is difficult to control with current medications.
		The diet is also used when the frequency of seizures, despite medications, interferes with the child's function, or when the medications themselves cause substantial adverse reactions.
		The ketogenic diet is a high fat, low carbohydrate diet which simulates the biochemical changes of starvation.
	www.epilepsy-foundation.org /efcrDiet.htm (524 words)

	The Ketogenic Diet
		The Classic Ketogenic Diet that was developed at Johns Hopkins Hospital is a labor intensive metabolic therapy with rigidly calculated meal plans.
		The ketogenic diet is a stringent, mathematically calculated diet high in fat and low in protein and carbohydrates that, when followed conscientiously, produces a by-product called ketones in patients' blood and urine.
		Although the diet is high-fat, patients do not gain weight because their caloric intake is restricted to 75 percent of their required daily allowance.
	www.epipro.com /k_diet.html (1412 words)

	The Ketogenic Resource
		The ketogenic diet is a high fat diet that can control epileptic fits in some cases, although it is not known how it works.
		We believe that the ketogenic diet is very important and should be used as the treatment of choice for difficult epilepsies.
		The ketogenic diet appears to be a valuable form of treatment for infantile spasms.
	www.mynchen.demon.co.uk (516 words)

	Ketogenic diet for epilepsy
		It is not yet clear how or why the ketogenic diet prevents or reduces seizures, but it has been shown to be effective in reducing epileptic seizures in some children.
		Doctors are not sure why the ketogenic diet helps prevent seizures, but the diet has prevented epileptic seizures in many children who did not respond to treatment with antiepileptic medications, including children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
		Another benefit of the ketogenic diet for some children is that it may reduce or end the need for medication and thus avoid the side effects that result from medication.
	www.webmd.com /hw/epilepsy/aa138104.asp (710 words)

	The Johns Hopkins Epilepsy Center
		The Ketogenic Diet is a carefully calculated diet, high in fat, low in protein, and virtually carbohydrate-free which is used for the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures in children.
		We have continued to use the ketogenic diet at Johns Hopkins and have refined the methodology to produce a text and a computer disc which enables families to calculate the diet more easily.
		Families who are using or are about to initiate the diet through other centers may wish to purchase The Ketogenic Diet Computer disc that is designed to assist dieticians planning new ketogenic diets and to help parents who wish to make a change their child's meal plans.
	www.neuro.jhmi.edu /Epilepsy/keto.html (309 words)

	Epilepsy in Children- Ketogenic Diet Treatment
		The ketogenic diet is an extremely high-fat diet that requires a child to eat four times as many fat calories as calories from protein or carbohydrate.
		After a year on the ketogenic diet, half of children had 50% fewer seizures.
		But the ketogenic diet is not a typical protein diet and you can't do it on your own.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/77/95378.htm (850 words)

	Nutrition Information - The Ketogenic diet...Fact or Fiction? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This is an important factor, as the diet must be strictly adhered to as minor infringements such as eating a piece of chewing gum may precipitate seizures and cause the treatment to fail.
		The patient, care-giver and family must be informed that this diet needs to be followed for a period of up to 2 years and that the diet itself is expensive, time consuming and disruptive to the family life as a whole.
		The diet can be sustained for years, although most studies show that the diet is generally maintained for 2 years and then slowly withdrawn over a 6 to 9 month period.
	webhost.sun.ac.za /nicus/Factsheets/ketogenic.htm (1599 words)

	Does the Ketogenic Diet work for dogs?
		The ketogenic diet gets its name because the high fat content of the diet results in conversion of fat to ketones that are utilized as an energy source in place of carbohydrates.
		Although the diet has never been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of epilepsy in dogs, it is discussed here because many people have heard of the diet and wonder if it is useful to treat canine epilepsy.
		A recent prospective study evaluated one type of ketogenic diet in children (ages 1 to 8 years) with epilepsy unresponsive to at least two drugs.(1) Seizure control improved in 67% of patients, while 37% of patients discontinued the diet because they continued to suffer seizures or could not tolerate the diet.
	www.canine-epilepsy.com /KetogenicDiet.html (1183 words)

	EFI - Ketogenic Diet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The ketogenic diet, which is very high in fats and low in carbohydrates, was first developed almost 80 years ago.
		Over the past few years, largely through the efforts of Hollywood producer Jim Abrahams, whose son Charlie was helped dramatically by the diet, and the continued commitment of enthusiastic parents and physicians who believed in its potential, the ketogenic diet has re-emerged as a major treatment when childhood seizures are hard to control.
		At present the ketogenic diet is used primarily in children, but research is going forward to evaluate its potential as a treatment for adults as well.
	www.epilepsyidaho.org /ketogenic.htm (270 words)

	Treatment: Ketogenic Diet
		The ketogenic diet is a medical therapy that must be used under the supervision of physicians who are familiar with the diet and under the direction of dietitians who have experience with the diet.
		The ketogenic diet is a therapeutic diet high in fat and very low in carbohydrates and protein.
		The main variation of the diet is the MCT (medium-chain triglyceride) diet which allows a slightly greater proportion of carbohydrates and protein while maintaining ketosis.
	www.epilepsysandiego.org /keto.htm (1085 words)

	Thomas Jefferson University Hospital - Ketogenic Diet Therapy
		The ketogenic diet was first developed in 1921 by a physician at the Mayo Clinic by a physician who observed that fasting epilepsy patients had fewer seizures.
		The ketogenic diet makes glucose unavailable to the brain by restricting access to the carbohydrate foods, which are the body's customary source of glucose.
		The ketogenic diet is not always successful and is not always tolerated.
	www.jeffersonhospital.org /neuroscience/article4347.html (866 words)

	The Ketogenic Diet and Pediatric Epilepsy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Ketogenic Diet is most effective in controlling the seizures of childhood, including myoclonic seizures, absence seizures, and atonic seizures
		The effectiveness of the Ketogenic Diet is a combination effect of the following processes, all of which tend to remove extra-cellular fluid
		The diet is rich in fat-soluble vitamins A and D but deficient in calcium and water-soluble vitamins B and C
	www.ttuhsc.edu /SOM/FamMed/ketogenic.html (284 words)

	Ketogenic Diet - My Child Has - Children's Hospital Boston
		The first ketogenic diets were designed in the 1920's as drug therapies became more successful.
		It is now understood that the ketogenic diet can work as well, if not better, than some anti-epileptic medications in some patients.
		Family commitment and regular follow up by a team of health care professionals specializing in the ketogenic diet is essential for the diet to be safe and successful.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site1205/mainpageS1205P0.html (277 words)

	Ketogenic Diet
		The ketogenic diet is a stringent, mathematically calculated diet high in fat and low in protein and carbohydrates that, when rigidly adhered to, produces a by-product called ketones in patients' blood and urine.
		High concentrations of ketones in the body effectively control the frequency and severity of seizures, although the biochemical mechanisms for this phenomenon are not yet known.
		However, since the diet was first developed and implemented at the Mayo Clinic and Johns Hopkins University medical schools, many seizure patients have shown marked improvements.
	www.huntingtonhospital.com /body.cfm?id=38813 (246 words)

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