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	ITIL.pl
		Khagan was the highest (reigning) king, and Khagan-bek was a ruling king and army commander.
		The Khagans were very tolerant, even when they converted to Judaism and it was their court's religion (which also means country's religion), they allowed Christian Greeks, pagan Slavs and Muslim Persians to profess their religion.
		The symbol of Khazarian political independence was converting to Judaism as an official religion of the court and the country.
	www.itil.pl /?l=en (802 words)

	Khagan Bek at AllExperts
		Khagan Bek is the title used by the Bek of the Khazars.
		Khazar kingship was divided between the khagan and the Bek or Khagan Bek.
		Contemporary Arab historians related that the Khagan was purely a spiritual ruler or figurehead with limited powers, while the Bek was responsible for administration and military affairs.
	en.allexperts.com /e/k/kh/khagan_bek.htm (260 words)

	Khazars information - Search.com
		The Khazar ruler Ziebel (sometimes identified as Tong Yabghu Khagan of the West Turks) aided the Byzantines in overrunning Georgia.
		Khazar kingship was divided between the khagan and the Bek or Khagan Bek.
		Khazar armies were led by the Khagan Bek and commanded by subordinate officers known as tarkhans.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Khazars?redir=1 (7247 words)

	Khagan Bek Information
		Contemporary Arab historians related that the Khagan was purely a spiritual ruler or figurehead with limited powers, while the Bek was responsible for administration and military affairs.
		He was theoretically a subordinate of the Khagan but in reality controlled the military and civil government for the Khazar khaganate.
		It is asserted by some scholars that the house of the Bulanids were hereditary Khagan Beks.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Khagan_Bek (195 words)

	ITIL.pl
		Khagan was the highest (reigning) king, and Khagan-bek was a ruling king and army commander.
		The Khagans were very tolerant, even when they converted to Judaism and it was their court's religion (which also means country's religion), they allowed Christian Greeks, pagan Slavs and Muslim Persians to profess their religion.
		The decision was made by the king (khagan) Bulan in A.D. In 965 the Khazars suffered first defeat, when a kievian duke Svyatoslav conquered Sarkel - the biggest Khazars' stronghold, and 2 years later the capital of Khazaria - Itil.
	itil.pl /?l=en (802 words)

	L'Impero dei Khazars
		Itil era sviluppata sulle due rive del Volga, una descrizione del cronista arabo Muqaddasi, in Itil ci sono pecore, miele ed ebrei in gran numero.
		Un ponte di barche univa le due parti, la parte ad Ovest era circondata da massicce mura di mattoni, qua erano situati i palazzi del Khagan e del Khagan—bek, e le abitazioni degli alti funzionari che amministravano l'impero, e di alti ufficiali dell'esercito, che aveva un nucleo permanente di 12.000 uomini.
		uno dei re chiamato Khagan il quale era la figura predominante, mentre il Khagan-bek si occupava di cose terrene, amministrava la legge, comandava gli eserciti, amministrava le finanze, un buon paragone è il re e la regina nel gioco egli scacchi.
	www.steppa.net /html/khazars/khazars.htm (2292 words)

	Bek - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Khagan Bek, the title of the king of the Khazars
		This page was last modified 00:26, 16 October 2006.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Bek contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Bek (82 words)

	Faction Thread - The Khazars - Page 2 - Total War Center Forums
		The Rus' Khaganate, an early Rus polity in northwestern Russia, was probably heavily influenced by the Khazars.
		The Rus' regularly travelled through Khazar-held territory to attack territories around the Black and Caspian Seas; in one such raid, the Khagan is said to have given his assent on the condition that the Rus' give him half of the booty.
		At a certain point, however, the Khazar connivance to the sacking of the Muslim lands by the Varangians led to a backlash against the Norsemen from the Muslim population of the Khaganate.
	www.twcenter.net /forums/showthread.php?t=123469&page=2 (8143 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Caucasian Avars
		During the Khazar wars against the Caliphate in the 7th century, the Avars sided with Khazaria.
		Surakat, is mentioned as their Khagan around 729/30 AD followed by Andunik-Nutsal, at the time of Abu Muslima, then Dugry-Nutsal.
		Sarir suffered a partial eclipse after the Arabs gained the upper hand, but managed to reassert its influence in the region in the 9th century, when it conflicted with the weakened Khazars and conducted a friendly policy towards the neighbouring Christian states of Georgia and Alania.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Caucasian_Avars (899 words)

	Khan Beschreibung in Library - Definition und Buch-Tipp.
		Häufige Schreibvarianten: Khan, Chan, Khagan, Khaghan - Dschingis, Tschingis, Genghis - u.a.
		m frühmittelalterlichen Osteuropa wurde von einem Khagan regiert.
		m Sowjetreich hatte der Khagan Kaganowitsch, Lazar Moisejiwitsch.
	khan.know-library.net (1252 words)

	Khagan
		Great Khan, alternatively spelled Chagan, Qaqan, Khakhan, Khaghan, Kagan, Khaqan etc., is a title of imperial rank in the Mongolian and Turkic languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a Khaganate (empire, greater than an ordinary Khanate, but often referred to as such in western languages).
		It may also be translated as Khan of Khans, equivalent to King of Kings.
		Khagan or Great Khan">Great Khan, alternatively spelled Chagan, Qaqan, Khakhan, Khaghan, Kagan, Khaqan etc., is a title of imperial rank in the Mongolian and Turkic languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a Khaganate (empire, greater than an ordinary Khanate, but often referred to as such in western languages).
	www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http://articles.gourt.com/%22http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3DKhagan (618 words)

	[No title]
		The Bek, whom David had known as his father's friend, seemed a leering executioner as he leaned over from his saddle to twist the gold rod that tightened the noose.
		Word of the death of the Khagan and the impending ceremony had reached to the farthest corners of Khazaria, and the nobles were gathering.
		The Khagan is our divine ruler, a descendant of the noblest family in the history of the world, back at the dawn of time.
	www2.xlibris.com /Bookstore/book_excerpt.asp?bookid=2294 (7386 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Khagan Bek
		Some sources refer to the Khazar bek as ishad (a Gokturk military rank) or malik (Arabic for "king").
		He was theoretically a subordinate of the Khagan but in reality controlled the military and civil government for the Khazar khaganate.
		It is now believed that the house of Bulan were hereditary Khagan Beks.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Khagan_Bek (226 words)

	Wikipedia search result
		Peter Golden speculated that the Khazar ethnos was a conglomerate of Oghuric and common Turkic nations, including the Sabirs and North Caucasian Huns as well as elements of the Göktürks.
		A number of Russian sources give the name of a Khazar khagan, Irbis, from this period, and describe him as a scion of the Göktürk royal house, the Ashina.
		Whether Irbis ever existed is open to debate, as is the issue of whether he can be identified with one of the many Göktürk rulers of the same name.
	feedbus.com /wikis/wikipedia.php?title=Khazaria (7791 words)

	Khazar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Khazar armies were led by the Khagan Bek and commanded by subordinate officers known as tarkhans.
		In addition to the Bek's standing army, the Khazars could call upon tribal levies in times of danger and were often joined by auxiliaries from subject nations.
		The Rus' Khaganate, an early Rus polity in northwestern Russia, was probably heavily influenced by the Khazars.
	khazar.anime.co.za /anime/Khazar (7818 words)

	Jewish Conspiracy 19
		The dual-monarchy system of Khazaria was a Turkic imperial structure under which the khagan 'emperor' was the supreme king and the bek 'king' was the civilian army leader.
		Not wishing to be dominated by either of the two, the khagan did a canny thing: he embraced the Jewish faith in AD 740 and ordered his subjects to do the same.
		Although the circumstances of the conversion are obscure and the depth of acceptance of Judaism difficult to assess the fact is undisputed the khagan and the greater part of the ruling class became Hebraic.
	www.overlordsofchaos.com /html/jewish_conspiracy_19.html (10210 words)

	I - RISE
		His deputy is called Kagan Bek; he is the one who commands and supplies the armies, manages the affairs of state, appears in public and leads in war.
		The western half was surrounded by a fortified wall, built of brick; it contained the palaces and courts of the Kagan and the Bek, the habitations of their attendants and of the “pure-bred Khazars”.
		The double kingship is represented on the chess-board by the King (the Kagan) and the Queen (the Bek).
	www.bibliotecapleyades.net /sociopolitica/esp_sociopol_khazar01_01.htm (12310 words)

	The Ultimate Khazars - American History Information Guide and Reference
		The first war was fought in the early 650 and ended with the defeat of an Arab force led by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah outside the Khazar town of Balanjar, after a battle in which both sides used siege engines on the others' troops.
		Khazar armies were led by the Bek and commanded by subordinate officers known as tarkhans.
		In addition to the Bek's standing army, the Khazars could call upon tribal levies in times of danger and were often joined by auxiliary troops from subject nations.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Khazaria (5242 words)

	Nomads of the Steppe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Khagans were the supreme chiefs of the people, holding a position of much influence and spiritual authority, but not much actual day-to-day command.
		The Beks were warlords, military commanders who exercised considerable day-to-day authority, and were sometimes regarded by outsiders as the supreme lords of the Khazar Nation.
		It is not 100% clear that the Bulanids were in fact not Khagans, though their power certainly appears to be that of the Beks.
	www.hostkingdom.net /siberia.html (7937 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Khazars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Khazar Khagans (Ashina dynasty) The Khagans were the supreme chiefs of the people, holding a position of much influence and spiritual authority, but not much actual day-to-day command.
		Khazar Beks The Beks were warlords, military commanders who exercised considerable day-to-day authority, and were sometimes regarded by outsiders as the supreme lords of the Khazar Nation.
		In 969 Sviatoslav of Kiev sacked Itil, the capital of the Khazar Khaganate.
	www.nowtryus.net /article:Khazar (5484 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Khagan's palace, according to Arab sources, was on an island in the Volga River.
		Khazar armies were led by the Khagan Bek and commanded by subordinate officers known as tarkhans.
		The Rus' Khaganate, an early Rus polity in northwestern Russia, was probably heavily influenced by the Khazars.
	goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Khazars (7185 words)

	Khazars - WikiLeasing.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A Khazar tudun was resident at Cherson in the 690s, despite he fact that this town was nominally subject to the Byzantine Empire.They are also known to have been allied with the Byzantine Empire during at least part of the 700s.
		Contemporary Arab historians related that the Khagan was purely a spiritual ruler or figurehead with limited powers, while the BBek was responsible for administration and military affairs.Both the Khagan and the Khagan Bek lived in Itil.
		The Khagan's alace, according to Arab sources, was on an island in the Volga River.
	www.wikileasing.com /0/Khazars.html (5527 words)

	Khazars - TvWiki, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		At their height, they and their tributaries controlled much of what is today southern Russia, western Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, large portions of the Caucasus (including Dagestan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, etc.), and the Crimea.
		Omeljan Pritsak and others have speculated that the revolt had something to do with a rejection of rabbinic Judaism; this is unlikely as it is believed that both the Kabars and mainstream Khazars had pagan, Jewish (both rabbinic and Karaite), Christian, and Muslim members.
		The Rus warlords Oleg and Sviatoslav I of Kiev launched several wars against the Khazar khaganate, often with Byzantine connivance.
	www.tvwiki.tv /wiki/Khazar (6350 words)

	Wikinfo \| Khazars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		At their height, they and their tributaries controlled much of what is today southern Russia, western Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and the Crimea.
		Some surviving examples bear the legend "Ard al-Khazar" (Arabic for "land of the Khazars"); others the phrase "Moses is the Prophet of God" (a modification of the Muslim coin inscription "Muhammad is the Prophet of God").
		Map showing approximate extent of the Khazar Khaganate (light blue) and its sphere of influence (dark blue) at its height, c.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Khazars (5677 words)

	GREAT KHAN : Encyclopedia Entry
		Khagan or Great Khan (可汗), alternatively spelled Chagan, Qaqan, Khakhan, Khaghan, Kagan, Khaqan, Hakan etc., is a title of imperial rank in the Mongolian and Turkic languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a Khaganate (empire, greater than an ordinary Khanate, but often referred to as such in western languages).
		It may also be translated as Khan of Khans, equivalent to King of Kings.
		The title became associated with the Ashina rulers of the Gokturks and their dynastic successors among such peoples as the Khazars (confer the compound military title Khagan Bek).
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Great_Khan (427 words)

	Atil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The eastern part of the city was built later and acter as the commercial center of the Atil, and had many public baths and shops.
		Between them was an island on which stood the palaces of the Khazar khagan and Bek.
		The island was connected to one of the other parts of the city by a pontoon bridge.
	abcworld.net /Atil.html (385 words)

	India, Indian States, India States, Indian hotels, Indian News and Indian Tourism, India Travel
		Khagan Bek is the title used by the Bek (generalissimo) of the Khazars.
		Some sources refer to the Khazar Bek as ishad (a Gokturk military rank) or Malik (Arabic for "king", also used as a high rank).
		It is asserted by some scholars that the house of the Bulanids were hereditary Khagan Beks, which would be parallel to the Japanese shogunate.
	www.chandigarhin.com /wiki-Khagan_Bek (750 words)

	Factions - The Guild (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Khazar khaganate, like the Bulgar khanate, originated from the Gokturk empire which was split up in the early 7th century.
		The Khazars were lead by the Khagan, who was the formal ruler of the Khazar peoples, but the actual leader in foreign affairs was the Bek, a general elected (based on proven skills) by the leading members of the Khazar society.
		The formidable cavalry of the Khazars was perhaps one of the most important reasons why they were so successful militarily, but they also had advanced artillery and could, during their golden era, afford to hire some of the best mercenaries available in the area.
	forums.totalwar.org /vb/showthread.php?t=49754 (6234 words)

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