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Topic: Khalkha Mongol

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	Mongolian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mongolian is the best-known member of the Mongolic language family, and the primary language of most of the residents of Mongolia.
		The Altaic theory proposes that the Mongolic family is a member of the larger Altaic family, which would also include the Turkic and Tungusic languages, and possibly Japanese and Korean.
		Khalkha Mongolian is the national language of Mongolia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mongolian_language (2270 words)

	Khalkha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Under Dayan Khan, the Khalkha were organized as one of three tümen of the Left Wing.
		The former became the founder of the Five Khalkha (tabun otuγ qalq-a) of Southern Mongolia and the latter became the founder of the Seven Khalkha (doluγan otuγ qalq-a) of the Northern Mongolia.
		By extension, some scholars consider that the Khalkha had a close connection with the Five Ulus of the Left Wing of the former Yuan Dynasty, which was led by the five powerful tribes of Jalayir, Khunggirad, Ikires, Uruud and Mangghud.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Khalkha_Mongol (505 words)

	Mongolia - Ethnic and Linguistic Groups
		Except for the dialect of the Buryat Mongols, who predominantly inhabit the area around Lake Baykal in Siberia, and the dialects of scattered isoglosses in Mongolia, all dialects of Mongol spoken in Mongolia are readily understood by native speakers of the language.
		Khalkha Mongol is the standard language; it is taught in the schools and is used for all official business.
		Mongol is taught as the second language and Russian as the third in Kazakh schools, and bilingual Kazakhs appear to participate in the Mongolian professional and bureaucratic elite on an equal footing with Mongols.
	countrystudies.us /mongolia/38.htm (1070 words)

	A Tale Of A Tour In Mongolia - Chapter 13
		The staple food of the Khalkha Mongol appears to be meat in direct relation to the length of his purse ; horse, camel, mule, antelope, mutton, nothing seems to come amiss ; he takes, too, preparations of milk, farinaceous food, such as koumiss and millet, as well as brick-tea made with milk.
		Upon the Russian Agent at Urga protesting, the Mongol Government replied to the effect that the danger arising from opium in Mongolia was in no sense commensurate with the advantages to be derived from the annual receipt of a million roubles ; also, that the opium would not be for the consumption of the Mongols.
		The Mongol women, on the other hand, are said to prefer the Chinese to their own race as husbands on the grounds that the former possess kinder and gentler dispositions.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles38/mongolia-13.shtml (3039 words)

	Country Studies - Mongolia: Mongols and Kazakhs
		Mongol is an Altaic language, related to the Turkic languages, such as Uzbek, Turkish, and Kazakh, and more distantly to Korean and perhaps, in the opinion of some linguists, to Japanese.
		The Khalkha Mongols are the largest element of the population.
		Ethnic distinctions among the various Mongol subgroups have been relatively minor; they have been expressed in oral traditions of historical conflicts among the groups, in such ethnic markers as women's headdresses or the shapes of boots, and in such minor variations in pastoral technique as placement of camels' nose pegs (see Mongolia in Transition, 1368-1911).
	www.photoglobe.info /ebooks/mongolia/cstudies_mongolia_0051.html (656 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mongolia (Khalkh Mongol: Монгол Улс) is a landlocked nation in central Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and the People's Republic of China to the south.
		It was the center of the Mongol Empire of the 13th century, but was ruled by the Manchu Qing dynasty from the end of the 18th century until an independent government was formed with Soviet assistance in 1921.
		In the 13th century, Mongolia was the center of the Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous land empire in world history.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Mongolia (2305 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Mongolia / Glossary
		Mongol term for the round, felt-covered tent known by its Russian (from the Turkic) name of yurt.
		Mongol subethnic group inhabiting the central and eastern portion of Mongolia and forming the majority of the population.
		A council of Mongol chieftains or khans having origins among the assembly of the Kitan; a great assembly and a type of electoral procedure developed among tribal leaders in the first century A.D. A classical Mongol term having the same meaning as hural (q.v.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/mongolia/mn_glos.html (993 words)

	Khalkha History Summary
		Khalkha is the official language of Mongolia and is spoken by approximately 90 percent of its population, about 2.4 million in 2000.
		Khalkha encompasses a number of dialect variants, but differences are as minor as the differences between Khalkha and the other Mongol dialects, all of which are mutually comprehensible.
		When Khalkha's direct connection with China ended after 1911, Russian became a dominant influence; the other languages of the Mongol group, with the exception of Dariganga, continued to be influenced by Chinese.
	www.bookrags.com /history/worldhistory/khalkha-ema-03 (398 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Winters are severe, with low temperatures and high winds that blow away the light snow cover, causing the ground to freeze to unusual depths; summers can be very hot.
		Khalkha Mongolian, the official language, was until the 1940s written in the old Uigur Turkic script; it now uses the Cyrillic alphabet.
		The area was under Chinese control from 1691 until the collapse of the Manchu dynasty in China in 1911, when a group of Mongol princes ousted the Manchu governor and proclaimed an autonomous Mongolia with Jebtsun Damba Khutukhtu (the Living Buddha of Urga) as ruler.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/Mongolnat.asp (1567 words)

	The Bakers - About Mongolia
		The Khalkha Mongol consider themselves the direct descendants of Genghis Khan and, therefore, the true preservers of Mongol culture.
		The Khalkha Mongol consider their language, Halh, to be the "real" Mongolian language, since all other Mongols speak variations or dialects of Halh.
		The Khalkha Mongol were traditionally shamanists (believed in an unseen world of gods, demons, and spirits).
	www.jatbaker.net /mongolia.shtml (637 words)

	Kalmyks Encyclopedia Articles @ 216.92.11.26 () (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The son a Khalkha Mongol Prince Tseren, Cebdenjab was a Manchu general noted for his military campaigns against the Dzungar Empire, which resulted in the slaughter of nearly 1 million Oirats.
		The name "Mongols," the title "Khan," and the historic legacy attached to that name and title were claimed exclusively by the Eastern Mongols, viz., the Khalkha, Chahar and Tümed tribes.
		This means that the Eastern Mongols claimed to have forty tümen (a cavalry unit comprised of 10,000 horseman) to the four tümen maintained by the Dörben Oirat.
	216.92.11.26 /encyclopedia/Kalmyks (6018 words)

	Background Notes Archive - East Asia and the Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mongol is an Altaic language (from the Altaic Mountains of Central Asia--a language family comprising the Turkic, Tungusic, and Mongolic subfamilies) related to Turkic (Uzbek, Turkish, and Kazakh), Korean, and, possibly, Japanese.
		_____________ Mongol is an Altaic language (from the Altaic Mountains of Central Asia--a language family comprising the Turkic, Tungusic, and Mongolic* subfamilies) related to Turkic (Uzbek, Turkish, and Kazakh), Korean, and, possibly, Japanese.
		The Mongols expressed great appreciation for the $67 million in grants and loans that Japan provided as well as Japan's coordination of international assistance to Mongolia.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/bgnotes/eap/mongolia9310.html (3811 words)

	Mongolia Pictures, Lanscapes, Views, Darkhan Eclipse, Photos Mon-Photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The official language, Khalkha Mongol, is spoken by 90% of the population.
		Yak's milk butter is also very important to the Mongols, both as a food source and a fuel for lamps.
		In the past, because it was once almost their only fuel, schools were sometimes forced to decide between food for the staff and students, or lamplight for reading and learning.
	www.mon-photo.com /Asia/Mongolia_4 (267 words)

	History of Mongolia
		Although Mongol-led confederations sometimes exercised wide political power over their conquered territories, their strength declined rapidly after the Mongol dynasty in China was overthrown in 1368.
		The Manchus, a tribal group which conquered China in 1644 and formed the Qing dynasty, were able to bring Mongolia under Manchu control in 1691 as Outer Mongolia when the Khalkha Mongol nobles swore an oath of allegiance to the Manchu emperor.
		The Mongol rulers of Outer Mongolia enjoyed considerable autonomy under the Manchus, and all Chinese claims to Outer Mongolia following the establishment of the republic have rested on this oath.
	infotut.com /geography/Mongolia (2294 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles
		The Dariganga belong to the eastern group of Mongols, which includes the Khalkha Mongols, the Buryat, and most of the Chinese Mongols.
		The Khalkha Mongol of Mongolia; The Khalkha Mongol of China;
		The Buryat of China; The Northern Mongolian of Mongolia; and The Chinese Mongol of China.
	kcm.co.kr /bethany_eng/p_code2/350.html (797 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Mongol script is a "vertical " script (I think it is the only "vertical" script that people are still using today) and written from the top to the bottom.
		The Mongol language belongs to the Mongolian branch of Altaic Family, and it is a alphabetic language.
		The first Khutugtu Gegen of Khalkha Mongol---Ündür Gegen Zhanabazar also had created a type of Mongol script --- the Soyonbo script, but non of these scripts were as popular as the Uighur (Classical) script.
	www.mongols.com /monls.htm (228 words)

	Mongolia People - Population, Nationality, and Religion
		Ethnic groups (1995): 85% Mongol (predominantly Khalkha), 7% Turkic (largest group, Kazakh) 4.6% Tungusic, and 3.4% others, including Chinese and Russian.
		Languages: Khalkha Mongol, more than 90%; minor languages include Kazakh, Chinese, and Russian.
		Mongol is an Altaic language--from the Altaic Mountains of Central Asia, a language family comprising the Turkic, Tungusic, and Mongolic subfamilies--and is related to Turkic (Uzbek, Turkish, and Kazakh), Korean, and, possibly, Japanese.
	www.factrover.com /people/Mongolia_people.html (348 words)

	AllRefer.com - Mongolia - Ethnic and Linguistic Groups - Mongols and Kazakhs \| Mongolian Information Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mongol is an Altaic language, related to the Turkic languages, such as Uzbek, Turkish, and Kazakh (see Glossary), and more distantly to Korean and perhaps, in the opinion of some linguists, to Japanese.
		The Khalkha (see Glossary) Mongols are the largest element of the population.
		According to the 1979 census, they made up 77.5 percent of the population (see table 3, Appendix).
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/mongolia/mongolia51.html (688 words)

	Mongolia (07/06)
		Ethnic groups (2004): 85% Mongol (predominantly Khalkha), 7% Turkic (largest group, Kazakh) 4.6% Tungusic, and 3.4% others, including Chinese and Russian.
		About two-thirds of the total population is under age 30, 27.9% of whom are under 14.
		In 1206 AD, a single Mongolian state was formed based on nomadic tribal groupings under the leadership of Genghis Khan.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2779.htm (4492 words)

	IAUNRC - Mongolia
		Both the nomads and the agriculturalists can, if necessary, survive without the goods provided by the other, but under most circumstances both benefit from exchange.
		Mongols typically dressed in sheepskin tunics covered with Chinese silk; drank tea from China; consumed a certain amount of millet, barley, and wheat flour; and used cooking pots and steel tools produced by non-nomadic smiths, some of whom were Mongols and some Turkic speakers or Chinese.
		However, the scattered nature of the population and the necessity of moving trade goods long distances by camel caravan limited the quantity of bulky goods available to nomads.
	www.indiana.edu /~iaunrc/mongolia.html (948 words)

	Almaty or Bust
		Among the many instruments used in Mongol music, the one that stands out is the horse-head fiddle, which the Mongols call the morin khuur (see below).
		This is a picture of a morin khuur, or horse-head fiddle (courtesy of Mongol Art).
		As this picture on the right demonstrates, the morin khuur is played in an upright position, using a bow (like a cello).
	www.hauntedink.com /almaty/photos5.html (471 words)

	Ethnologue: Mongolia
		Distinct from Darkhan, which refers to southern Khalkha people in Ulanchab league, Inner Mongolia, China, and to Khorchin people in eastern Inner Mongolia.
		(OIRAT, WESTERN MONGOL) [KGZ] 205,500 in Mongolia, including 139,000 Oirat, 55,100 Dorbot, 11,400 Torgut; 174,000 in Russia; 139,000 Oirat in China; 518,000 in all countries.
		(HALH, KHALKHA MONGOLIAN, MONGOL, CENTRAL MONGOLIAN) [KHK] 2,329,000 in Mongolia (1995), 89.7% of the population, including 32,300 Dariganga; 6,000 in Taiwan; 1,774 in Russia (1959); 2,330,000 in all countries.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Mong.html (684 words)

	Mongolian Matters - News from Mongolia: Pray for Mongolia
		Pray for Christians with marketable skills to be prepared to give up their lucrative employment and to live and work in Mongolia, allowing Christ to be seen in their lives.
		Pray for Christians everywhere to be concerned for the unreached millions in Mongolia who have never heard the name of Jesus, especially those who live nomadic lives in the remote countryside.
		Pray that Christians will have opportunities to introduce the Khalkha Mongol to the Prince of Peace.
	www.mongolianmatters.com /2005/07/pray-for-mongolia.html (338 words)

	Mongolia
		1368 Mongols are expelled from China and Mongolia is
		The Mongols were organized into "banners", a very complicated system.
		Full title: Khalkha Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (also known as Javzandamba Hutagt in Khalkha Mongolian; also as Rje Btsun Dam Pa or Jetsun Dampa in Tibetan — all meaning literaly "Holy Venerable Lord") is the spiritual head of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia.
	www.worldstatesmen.org /Mongolia.htm (1213 words)

	Outer Mongolia, Mongolia
		Languages: Khalkha Mongol, more than 90%; minor languages include Kazakh, Chinese...
		Life expectancy--63-68 yrs.Ethnic groups (1995): 85% Mongol (predominantly Khalkha), 7% Turkic (largest group, Kazakh) 4.6% Tungusic, and 3.4% others, including Chinese and Russian.Languages: Khalkha Mongol, more than 90%; minor languages includeKazakh, Chi...
		The Test Ban Treaty of 1963 prohibits nuclear weapons tests "or any other nuclear explosion" in the atmosphere, in outer space, and under water.
	creekin.net /k15035-n124-outer-mongolia-mongolia.html (681 words)

	Mongolian Travel Phrases
		Khalkha Mongolian is used in Mongolia and parts of China, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia.
		Alternate names for Khalkha Mongolian include Mongolian, Halh Mongolian, Halh, and Mongol
		Classical Mongolian script version complements of A-A Language Services (AALS), an Asian American Media Group, Inc. company, Duluth, Georgia.
	www.travelphrases.info /languages/Mongolian-Khalkha.htm (85 words)

	Politics of the Mongols (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Thanks for visiting the Great Mongol Home page.
		You are using an older version of browser that does not support frames.
		Please update your frame to enjoy the exciting new features or click Here to continue with your old browser.---Oyunbilig
	www.mongols.com /politics.htm (40 words)

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