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Topic: Kharijites

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Kharijism

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Sixth pillar of Islam

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Ibadhi Muslim

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	Kharijites - MSN Encarta
		Kharijites (Arabic Khawārij خوارج, literally "Those who Go Out") is a general term embracing various Muslims who, while initially supporting the caliphate of the fourth and...
		Kharijites (Arabic kharawrij,”the leavers”), earliest Muslim sect, originally among the supporters of Ali, the fourth caliph of Islam (see Caliphate).
		Ali outraged the Kharijites, however, when he allowed his claim to the caliphate to be arbitrated by his followers and by the partisans of Muawiyah I. The Kharijites claimed that God (Allah) had decreed Ali's caliphate and therefore arbitration by mortals was sacrilegious.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558674/Kharijites.html (313 words)

	Kharijites (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Kharijite theology was a form of radical fundamentalism, preaching uncompromising observance of the teachings of Quran in defiance of corrupt authorities.
		Kharijites insisted that only the most pious members of the community should be entrusted with political power.
		The high point of the Kharijites' influence was in the years 690 to 730, when their main city, Basra, became a center of Islamic theology.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/k/kh/kharijites.html (309 words)

	Kharijiyyah, Kharijite, Kharijites
		Kharijite belief is distinguished from that of mainstream Islam through its particular emphasis on good actions as well as belief.
		Contrary to the Sunni view and practice, the Kharijites interpreted the Qur'anic command concerning "enjoining good and forbidding evil" to mean the vindication of their beliefs through the sword.
		The Kharijites were centred around the marshes around Basra and on the left bank of the Tigris, a location which afforded them the opportunity to escape to the mountainous regions of the Iranian plateaus if defeated in battle.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txw/khariji.htm (520 words)

	Kharijism
		However, his submission to an arbitration in 657 when confronted with the refusal of the governor of Syria, Muawiya, to pledge him allegience was considered proof of his forfeiture of the caliphate.
		The Kharijites became increasing fanatical: they equally condemned both Uthman, the third caliph, and Ali, and branded all those who disagreed infidels and thus worthy of execution.
		Kharijite uprisings continued under the Umayyads in Iraq, Iran, and Arabia; under the Abbasids, Kharijism was suppressed in Iraq but continued to play an important political role in eastern Arabia, North Africa, and eastern Africa.
	www.princeton.edu /~batke/itl/denise/kharijis.htm (317 words)

	The Kharijites and their impact on Contemporary Islam
		Much of the excesses and extremism that we observe today may be understood in terms of the origins and unfolding of Kharijism during the first few centuries of Islam.
		It is significant that this selfsame Hurqus was elected as one of the heads of the Kharijites after the Battle of Siffin.
		For the Kharijites, on the other hand, to legitimise their agenda and justify their killing of Muslims they had to declare them as Kafir and hence the territories in which they lived as a Dar al-Harb (an abode of war).
	www.sunnah.org /aqida/kharijites1.htm (1135 words)

	Kharijites
		Extreme Kharijites considered moderate Muslims to be 'hypocrites' or 'unbelievers', who could be killed with impunity; this practice is called takfir.
		Kharijite ideology (like Shiism) became a popular creed for rebels against the officially Sunni Caliphate, inspiring breakaway states (like the Rustamids and the Midrarids) and rebellions (like Maysara's) throughout the Maghreb and sometimes elsewhere.
		One "Kharijite" sect, the Ibadis, have survived into the present day (though they reject the designation "Kharijite".) They form a significant part of the population of Oman, and there are smaller concentrations of them in the Mzab of Algeria, Jerba in Tunisia, and Djebel Nafusa in Libya.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/k/kh/kharijites.html (423 words)

	The T. Rex Essay - Roots of Contemporary Terrorism: The Kharijites
		The Kharijites were an early sect that broke off from Islam and used murder and terror to try to defeat their enemies and achieve their goals.
		The Kharijites were later split by religious disputes, as many believed that anyone who did not accept their faith 100% were not worthy of leading or belonging to the group.
		The most extreme Kharijites argued for the theory of istirad, or religious murder, and said that not only should the apostate be killed, but also their wives and children as well.
	quinnell.us /society/history/kharijites.html (979 words)

	The American Muslim (TAM) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Just like the Kharijites, these fanatics consider all those Muslims who do not accept their twisted interpretation of Islam as “infidels,” whose blood is lawful to be shed.
		On the other hand, linking groups such as Al Qaeda to the Kharijites can help poison their perception in the minds of those Muslims who are tempted to see terrorists such as Usama bin Laden as “Muslim heroes.” This would help to further isolate these extremists from the Muslim mainstream.
		Kharijite belief is a form of radical fundamentalism.
	theamericanmuslim.org /tam.php/features/articles/neo_kharijites_not_islamic_fascists/0011136 (1424 words)

	Tthornton :
		While they did not fully emerge until after the death of the third caliph, Uthman (644-656), it is clear from early Kharijite sermons that their movement began to crystallize during the rule of Uthman whom they accused of introducing "innovation" into Islam.
		Furthermore, the Kharijites challenged the legitimacy of the next caliph, Ali (656-661), because, following an inconclusive military encounter with the Umayyads at the Battle of Siffin (658), Ali had agreed to submit the dispute over the caliphate to a process of binding arbitration, a process that was decided in favor of the Umayyads.
		The Kharijites were rigorous puritans and fundamentalists combining a radical egalitarianism (even a slave could become caliph in their view) with revolutionary zeal.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/mehistorydatabase/kharijites.htm (238 words)

	Kharijites - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The high point of the Kharijites' influence was in the years 690-730 around Basra in south Iraq, which was always a center of Sunni theology.
		Kharijite ideology was a popular creed for rebels against the officially Sunni Caliphate, inspiring breakaway states and rebellions (like Maysara's) throughout the Maghreb and sometimes elsewhere.
		From the beginning of the Arab conquest of the Maghrib, the Kharijites sent representatives to join the local Berber population.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kharijite (1494 words)

	Religious Minorities in the Muslim World (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kharijites, Arabic for ‘those that seceded,’ were members of the earliest sect in Islam that left the Shi’ites.
		The Kharijite theology was a radical fundamentalism, with uncompromised observance of the Koran in defiance of corrupt authorities.
		Kharijites considered moderate Muslims to be hypocrites and unbelievers who should be opposed, ostracized, or killed.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/Spring05/Shullick/fiver.htm (945 words)

	Saudi Arabia - THE MIDDLE AGES
		One Shia denomination, known as the Kharijite movement, began in events surrounding the assassination of Uthman, the third caliph, and the transfer of authority to Ali, the fourth caliph.
		The Kharijite movement continued to be significant on the Persian Gulf coast in the ninth through the eleventh century and survived in the twentieth century in the more moderate form of Ibadi Islam.
		The uncompromising fanaticism of the original Kharijites was, however, indicative of the fervor with which the tribal Arabs had accepted the missionary ideology of Islam.
	countrystudies.us /saudi-arabia/6.htm (1439 words)

	CBSNews.com
		Its followers, called Kharijites, believed in the teachings of Shiah Islam at one time but broke away in 657 to form their own group.
		Kharijites strictly follow their community's interpretation of the Quaran and Sunna.
		In Algeria, some Kharijite communities have both female and male religious leaders to serve the needs of the faithful, separately.
	www.cbsnews.com /htdocs/religion/islam/divisions_kharaja.html (107 words)

	Comparative Index to Islam : KHARIJITES (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kharijites were mostly desert Arabs who loved the democratic free spirit of their environment.
		These men, known later as Khawarij (Kharijites), went even further, and insisting that the Caliph should be elected by all Muslims, not just the Quraysh tribe.
		The Kharijites fought against other Muslims and refused to associate with those who did not share their religious and political beliefs.
	answering-islam.org.uk /Index/K/kharijites.html (184 words)

	The American Thinker
		The Kharijites (the Seceders or Departers) were Islam’s first sect, the group that brought schism into the new Islamic community.
		The Kharijites possessed a straightforward and easily-grasped theology.
		The Kharijites introduced a number of concepts and practices into Islam: the politicization of religion, the conviction that the earliest days of the caliphate marked a state of perfection against which all human society must be judged, the practice — called takfir
	www.americanthinker.com /articles.php?article_id=5529 (2737 words)

	A Short History of Al-Ibadhiyah
		But when the Kharijites withdrew from the Muslim community on the basis that their land was a land of war and they were all polytheists, Ibn Ibadh appeared as a leading figure who opposed this extreme line and refuted it openly.
		When 'Umayyad rule became established and made its aim to prevent any sort of opposition, the sympathizers of the Muhakkimah party, or "Al-Muslimun", or "Jama'at al-Muslimun" as they were called in the early Ibadhi literature, were obliged to hide their faith and to carry out their activities in secret.
		Perhaps, the school took the name of Ibn Ibadh because he used to openly propagate its views and was known to non-Ibadhi groups for refuting their views and his firm attitude against the extreme Kharijites.
	www.angelfire.com /ok5/ibadhiyah/history.html (1437 words)

	Abdul Malik Bin Marwan
		The forces of Mus'ab were weakened by their wars against the Kharijites, and 'Abd al-Malik bribed many of them to desert Mus'ab, who was then killed in battle.
		The Kharijites were still either restless or in open revolt.
		The Kharijite movement, however, remained strong, especially among the Bakr tribes between Mosul and Kufah.
	www.damascus-online.com /se/bio/abdul_malik_bin_marwan.htm (646 words)

	ipedia.com: Sunni Islam Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Two smaller groups also were created from this schism: The Shi'ites and the Kharijites (Khawarij), also known as the seceders.
		The third group that came into being, the Kharijites, or the Khawarij (seceders) originally supported the Shi'ite position that 'Ali was the only legitimate successor to Muhammad.
		Ali was later assassinated by the Kharijites with a poisonous sword.
	www.ipedia.com /sunni_islam.html (771 words)

	Academy For Learning Islam
		Ali did not want a bloody confrontation with the Kharijites, but he had to go to Nahrawân to punish the culprits and alleviate the fears of his people.
		In Kufah, which was his capital, thousands of friends and relatives of the Kharijites, who were killed, had become hostile to him, just as thousands of people had become hostile to him in Basra after the battle of Jamal.
		This can be done only by one who can unveil the unknown future and see the coming scene with his eyes and who sees the sketches yet to appear on the page of the future with the help of the light of knowledge possessed by him as Imam.
	www.academyofislam.org /reader.asp?cn=013-12 (4901 words)

	CNS - The Historical Roots of Current Terrorist Tactics and Methods - November 21, 2003 - Research Story of the Week
		Central to the fundamentalist beliefs of the Kharijites was the concept of jihad.
		The Kharijites placed a great emphasis on violent jihad, believing that force was often necessary to "command the good and forbid evil," as they construe the Qur'an to mandate.
		Although the Kharijites comprised a small minority of Muslims that remained on the fringes of the Islamic community,[15] the impact of fundamentalism and violent jihad has echoed throughout Islamic history.
	cns.miis.edu /pubs/week/031121.htm (3655 words)

	Kharijites: Early Muslim rebels espoused democratic principles
		Not only did Kharijites believe that it was the people’s right to rebel against an unjust ruler, they actually believed that it was the people’s duty as Muslims’ to do so.
		Yet it was also the Kharijites who posed the greatest military threat to the Umayyads, Ali’s principal enemies and the ones who set up the trick that resulted in the Kharijites’ disappointment in him.
		The expression “talks like a Kharijite” meant that the speaker was making the utmost powerful argument both in style and content, yet the expression also meant that the speech might have terrible consequences.
	www.islamawareness.net /Deviant/Kharijites/kharij2.html (959 words)

	Sermon 2
		the Kharijites after me, because one who seeks right but does not find it, is not like one who seeks wrong and finds it.
		The reason for stopping people from fighting the Kharijites was that Amir al-mu'minin was clearly perceiving that after him authority and power would devolve on people who would be ignorant of the proper occasion of jihad, and who will make use of sword only to maintain their sway.
		Their audacity in the matter of religion reached the stage that it can neither be regarded as a result of misunderstanding nor can it be covered under the garb of error of judgement, because they openly transgressed the limits of religion and paid no heed to the Prophet's injunctions in comparison with their own view.
	members.tripod.com /imammehdi/nahjulbalagha2_0/ser_61.htm (256 words)

	Other Important Sects in Muslim History
		They taught that the Qur'an was the sole authority over every Muslim and thus believed that they could revolt against any form of secular Muslim rule and indiscriminately kill all unbelievers - including Muslims generally who did not join them - and carry off their property as booty.
		During the middle of the eighteenth-century a resurgence of Kharijite thinking surfaced in the Arabian Peninsula.
		During their heyday the Wahbabis emulated the Kharijites in declaring everything inconsistent with their ultra-conservative interpretation of Islam as heretical.
	answering-islam.org.uk /Gilchrist/Vol1/9d.html (1543 words)

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