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Topic: Khat

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	Complete Khat information from Drugs.com
		Khat leaves are chewed for stimulant and euphoriant effects and are used to treat obesity and prevent hunger in areas with meager food supplies.
		A khat preparation was administered at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg cathinone in a pharmacokinetic study.
		Khat chewing interferes with the absorption of amoxicillin and ampicillin.
	www.drugs.com /npp/khat.html (3454 words)

	Khat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The khat plant is known by a variety of names, such as qat in Yemen, chat in Ethiopia, jaad in Somalia and miraa in Kenya.
		In Saudi Arabia, the cultivation and consumption of khat are forbidden, and the ban is strictly enforced.
		Khat is used by members of the Somali community (mainly men) which is concentrated in London, Cardiff and Sheffield.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Khat (1374 words)

	Khat \| CESAR
		Although khat is legal in certain parts of Europe, East Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula, it is illegal in the United States.
		Khat is taken orally as a tea, chewed into a paste, smoked, or sprinkled on food.
		The effect of khat on the brain and spinal cord is similar to that of amphetamines, which are simulated through synapses.
	www.cesar.umd.edu /cesar/drugs/khat.asp (518 words)

	Khat
		Khat is a 6-12-foot flowering evergreen shrub or small tree native to East Africa and Southern Arabia.
		There, chewing khat predates the use of coffee and is used in a similar social context.
		Khat has been brought into the U.S. and other countries for use by emigrants from the source countries.
	www.streetdrugs.org /khat.htm (241 words)

	Khat - tScholars.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Khat (Catha edulis, family Celastraceae), pronounced "cot" and also known as qat, gat, chat, and miraa, is a flowering plant native to tropical East Africa.
		Khat has been grown for use as a drug for centuries in the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		Because of its anorectic effects, khat is used by some members of the Islamic faith during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Muslim year, which is spent in fasting from sunrise to sunset.
	www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Tschat (1325 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > What is Khat?
		Khat (pronounced "cot") is a natural stimulant from the Catha Edulis plant, found in the flowering evergreen tree or large shrub which grows in East Africa and Southern Arabia.
		Khat leaves contain psychoactive ingrediants known as cathinone, which is structurally and chemically similar to d-amphetamine, and cathine, a milder form of cathinone.
		Khat is a sympathomimetic and its pharmacological effects are believed to parallel those of amphetimine.
	leda.lycaeum.org /?ID=8658 (1025 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > The chemistry of khat
		It is the main phenylalkylamine component of fresh khat, and pharmacological studies indicate that it may be the compound responsible for the characteristic stimulant activity and abuse potential of the plant.
		In his comprehensive review on the medical aspects of khat chewing, Halbach [2] concluded that "for a more detailed assessment of the effects of khat in comparison with other types of commonly used psychostimulants such as coffee, a complete analysis of the genuine active substance in the khat plant would be of great value".
		The chemistry of khat 17Based on its structural relationship to cathine, and the high instability in the presence of oxygen as well as under alkaline conditions, cathinone may be considered as the suspected and long sought labile carbine precursor in khat [[18] -[20] ].
	leda.lycaeum.org /Documents/The_chemistry_of_khat.16634.shtml (4958 words)

	The Use of Khat by Dr. Wijdan Luqman
		Khat also contains tannin (7% to 14% by weight in dried leaves), vitamin C (150 mg/100 g of fresh leaves), and minute amounts of thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, and carotene, as well as iron and amino acids.
		Khat may interact with drugs used in therapy of other diseases and produce emotional and mental disorders; for example, when combined with niridazole-a drug used in treating schistosomiasis-severe anxiety reactions, insomnia, and even psychoses can develop.
		Dental cavities are rare among users of khat in Yemen, but this may be attributable to the low consumption of sweets, fluoride in the water, and the use of a primitive toothbrush carried on the person, rather than to khat.
	members.aol.com /yalnet/KHAT.html (2858 words)

	Khat : by Ray Sahelian, M.D., khat plant information, fetility, khat verility
		Cells were exposed to khat extract and harvested for analysis by fluorescent and electron microscopy, trypan blue exclusion, as well as immunoblotting to characterize the mode of cell death.
		This study shows that khat induces cell death by apoptosis in a process sensitive to inhibition by caspase inhibitors, suggesting that subcellular interactions could be of particular relevance for the biological effects of khat in the cell death process and possibly carcinogenesis.
		Khat consumption affects the potency of male sexuality by affecting spermatogenesis and plasma testosterone concentration.
	www.raysahelian.com /khat.html (880 words)

	Understanding the Regulation of Khat
		Khat (Catha edulis Forsk), or chat in Amharic, has been cultivated and used for centuries by the indigenous people in Ethiopia and the surrounding countries, including Somalia, Eritrea, Kenya and Yemen.
		Khat is illegal in the US, and this has been so since 1993.
		As khat leaves mature or dry, cathinone is converted to cathine, making the khat leaves less potent.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2003/05/09-05-03/Understanding.htm (880 words)

	Erowid Khat (Catha edulis) Vault : News Snippets
		So he's turned to khat, a leafy cash crop that is chewed legally by millions of people in the Horn of Africa and Middle East.
		An estimated 75 percent of all coffee farmers in the highlands of Hararghe, home to the aromatic Harar coffee, have either uprooted coffee trees to plant khat or are growing both, said Tadesse Meskela, general manager of the Oromiya Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union in the capital, Addis Ababa.
		Khat is drought and pest resistant and requires less water and less time to grow than coffee.
	www.erowid.org /plants/khat/khat_news1.shtml (733 words)

	Khat er ikke en kat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Der har i sommerens løb været omtale af det euforiserende stof khat.
		Khat er bladene af en stedsegrøn busk fra Østafrika med det botaniske navn Catha edulis.
		Khat er meget udbredt i Østafrika og på den arabiske halvø.
	www.ou.dk /Nat/Chem/kemi_net/LostFast/Khat.htm (103 words)

	All about Khat (Kat, Qat)
		During Khat transport from country to another, Khat bundles (15-35 twigs per each, 10-25 inch length) are wrapped in banana leaves to retain their moisture and freshness.
		Media attention given to Khat is probably bringing about an interest in its use, and street addicts have been observed by the OASAS Street Studies Unit seeking to purchase Khat.
		Cathine, an ingredient that remains in Khat after 48 hours, is still classified as a schedule IV substance (one that has low potential for abuse and has a current accepted usage in treatment).
	www.geocities.com /forceps1974/khat.html (1695 words)

	DEA Briefs & Background, Drugs and Drug Abuse, Drug Descriptions, Khat
		Khat is a flowering evergreen shrub native to East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		The use of Khat is an established cultural tradition for many social situations in the areas of primary cultivation: East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		Khat is usually shipped already packaged in bundles, and wrapped in plastic bags or banana leaves to retain moisture and freshness.
	www.dea.gov /concern/khat.html (424 words)

	Connecticut case on Khat
		The defendant's first argument is that khat is not a controlled substance because it is not specifically enumerated in the relevant statutes or regulations like other plant or plant derived controlled substances such as marijuana and tetrahydrocannabinols.
		The defendant essentially argues that the regulations do not specifically "designate" khat as a controlled substance as mandated by § 21a-243 (c), and, therefore, cathine and cathinone, the two substances found in khat and listed in the regulations, are not themselves "controlled substances" [*12] within the meaning of § 21a-243 (c) and the regulations.
		We therefore conclude that, as a matter of statutory construction, khat may be deemed a controlled substance by virtue of its containing the controlled substances cathinone and cathine.
	www.cognitiveliberty.org /dll/khat_connecticut_case.htm (2887 words)

	Drugscope - DrugSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Khat is a green-leafed shrub that has been chewed for centuries by people who live in the Horn of Africa and Arabian peninsula.
		In some Muslim countries where alcohol is banned, khat is commonly used in social situations, although khat is often condemend on religious and cultural grounds.
		Khat is a stimulant drug with effects similar to amphetamine.Chewing it makes people feel more alert and talkative and suppresses the appetite, though users describe an ensuing calming effect when used over a few hours.
	www.drugscope.org.uk /druginfo/drugsearch/ds_results.asp?file=/wip/11/1/1/khat.html (383 words)

	Khat chewing increases risk of heart attack, warn doctors
		Khat leaves are used recreationally by migrant communities from East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, particularly by Somalis.
		Khat (also know as qat or chat) is the fresh leaves of Catha edulis, a shrub grown in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		The legal status of khat, which is banned in the USA, Canada, Norway and Sweden, was reviewed by the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs late last year who advised against a ban.
	www.rsm.ac.uk /media/pr198.htm (392 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > Khat (Kat)
		Khat was used in Yemen even before coffee and it was immensely popular.
		Lewin described khat markets to which khat was brought in bundles of branches from the mountains.
		It is fortunate, perhaps, that khat is also very rich in ascorbic acid which is an excellent antidote to amphetamine-type compounds.
	leda.lycaeum.org /?ID=8649 (396 words)

	DEA Briefs & Background, Drugs and Drug Abuse, Drug Descriptions, Khat
		Khat is a flowering evergreen shrub native to East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		The use of Khat is an established cultural tradition for many social situations in the areas of primary cultivation: East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		Khat is usually shipped already packaged in bundles, and wrapped in plastic bags or banana leaves to retain moisture and freshness.
	www.usdoj.gov /dea/concern/khat.html (424 words)

	FEDS' 'KHAT NIP' By KATI CORNELL - New York Post Online Edition: News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The feds are continuing their investigation into the ring - which peddled khat in Harlem and The Bronx - by tracing the illegal money generated by sales back to areas of Africa that are considered a hotbed for terrorist activity.
		The potency of khat leaves drops drastically within 48 hours if not refrigerated and the drug is typically packaged into bundles wrapped in banana leaves to hold moisture, court papers show.
		Khat abuse in the U.S. is most prevalent among immigrant populations from Yemen, Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, where it is commonly used.
	www.nypost.com /news/regionalnews/feds_khat_nip_regionalnews_kati_cornell.htm (373 words)

	DEHAI NEWS MAILING LIST ARCHIVE: [dehai-news] BBC: Getting to grips with khat in Somaliland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A mayor in breakaway Somaliland is trying to cut down on the problems caused by khat, a mild stimulant, by moving dealers to the outskirts of the city.
		Khat is a natural amphetamine derived from the leaves of the Catha edulis plant.
		Pink, blue and red bags, used to hold khat, block drains, hang on trees and fences, stick to telegraph and electricity poles, or are even eaten by goats.
	www.dehai.org /archives/dehai_news_archive/jul-aug05/0885.html (627 words)

	Qat - Khat - Jaad - Qaad
		According to P. Kalix of the University of Geneva (1991, 1992), khat leaves contain cathinone, an active brain stimulant that is similar in structure and pharmacological activity to amphetamine.
		Khat leaves must be chewed fresh for the strongest effect, and freshness can be prolonged for a couple of days with refrigeration.
		While many effects of khat are of consequence only or primarily to the user, the increased susceptibility to infectious disease and the threats to normal development of the children of the chronic users are public health concerns.
	www.somalilandforum.com /web/qaad.htm (881 words)

	Khat
		Several million people in East Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula are regular chewers of Khat, and this habit has come under close scrutiny since people can develop a psychic dependency on the material, especially when it is chewed.
		In 1971 the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs began investigating khat, and this led to the isolation of the active ingredient in the leaves.
		Khat will not grow in NJ because our winters are too cold.
	faculty.ucc.edu /biology-ombrello/POW/khat.htm (505 words)

	The A-Z of Drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Khat is a stimulant with similar effects to amphetamine.
		Khat is a leaf which is chewed over a number of hours.
		Khat is a stimulant and chewing it can make people feel more alert and talkative.
	www.talktofrank.com /azofdrugs/K/Khat.aspx (262 words)

	Khat Fast Facts
		Khat (Catha edulis) is a flowering shrub native to northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
		Khat typically is ingested by chewing the leaves--as is done with loose tobacco.
		The use of khat is accepted within the Somali, Ethiopian, and Yemeni cultures, and in the United States khat use is most prevalent among immigrants from those countries.
	www.usdoj.gov /ndic/pubs5/5116/index.htm (422 words)

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