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	Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu (also Kidunnu) (circa 400 BC – circa 310 BC) was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.
		Kidinnu probably introduced the 19-year cycle known as the Metonic cycle into the Babylonian calendar in 383 BC.
		In about 314 BC Kidinnu knew that the sidereal year was longer than the tropical year and therefore may have been aware of the precession of the equinoxes.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/kidinnu (499 words)

	Kidinnu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kidinnu (also Kidunnu) (circa 400 BC – possibly 14 August 330 BC) was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.
		In about 314 BC Kidinnu (if he was still alive at that time) knew that the sidereal year was longer than the tropical year and therefore may have been aware of the precession of the equinoxes.
		A damaged cuneiform diary tablet from Babylon (Babylonian chronicle 8: the Alexander chronicle; BM 36304) mentions that "ki-di-nu was killed by the sword" on day 15 of probably the 5th month of that year, which has been dated as 14 August 330 BC, less than a year after the conquest of Babylon by Alexander.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kidinnu (536 words)

	Kidinnu, the Chaldaeans, and ancient Babylonian astronomy
		Kidinnu arrived at 29.530594 days, which is only 0.432 seconds more than the modern estimate of 29.530589 days.
		Kidinnu's greatest discovery, however, is a system to predict the motion of the moon.
		Kidinnu must have known that in the days of the legendary king Hammurabi (1792-1750), the earth's axis was directed to a point inside the Dragon and he must have been able to conclude that the axis of the earth was slowly changing its direction.
	www.livius.org /k/kidinnu/kidinnu.htm (1823 words)

	Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu (also Kidunnu) (circa 400 BC – circa 310 BC) was a Chaldea n astronomer and mathematician.
		Probably Kidinnu had made complex methods and equations for calculating the irregular movements of the Moon and other planet s and specially of the Sun.
		So Kidinnu developed from Nabu-rimanni 's System A a more refined system (now called System B), used by the Chaldean astronomers to describe more clearly the motions of the Sun and planets.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Kidinnu.html (484 words)

	Kidinnu and ancient Babylonian astronomy
		Kidinnu arrived at 29.530594 days, which is only 4.32 seconds more than the modern estimate of 29.530589 days.
		Kidinnu must have known that in the days of the legendary king Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC), the earth's axis was directed to a point inside the Dragon and he must have been able to conclude that the axis of the earth was slowly changing its direction.
		It is tempting to assume that Kidinnu was executed by Alexander the Great on August 13, 329 BC, but it is far from certain that this is the correct reading of the tablet.
	ircamera.as.arizona.edu /NatSci102/text/babylonian.htm (1632 words)

	Kidinnu -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu was born in (The chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capitol of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia) Babylon.
		Because he was not as attached as (A native or inhabitant of Greece) Greek astronomers to the constant velocity of planets he was able to get good approximations for their movements.
		Kidinnu probably introduced the 19-year cycle known as the (Click link for more info and facts about Metonic cycle) Metonic cycle into the Babylonian (A system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year) calendar in 383 BC.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/K/Ki/Kidinnu.htm (450 words)

	Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Probably Kidinnu had made complex methods and for calculating the irregular movements of the Moon and other planets and specially of the Sun.
		About 383 B.C. Kidinnu obtained still more accurate values lunar movements first calculated before him by For the mean length of the synodic month he had already as a young mentioned a value of about 29.530614
		Kidinnu probably introduced the 19-year cycle known the Metonic cycle into the Babylonian calendar in 383 BC In this system each year had lunar months and 7 extra months were at intervals during the 19-year period.
	www.freeglossary.com /Kidenas (402 words)

	Kidinnu - Definition up Erdmond.Com
		For the length of the tropical_year Kidinnu used 365d 6h.
		Kidinnu probably introduced the 19-year cycle known as the Metonic_cycle into the Babylonian calendar in 383_BC.
		In about 314_BC Kidinnu knew that the sidereal_year was longer than the tropical_year and therefore may have been aware of the precession_of_the_equinoxes.
	www.erdmond.com /Kidinnu.html (430 words)

	User talk:Tom Peters - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		I also hope that the article of Hipparchos will be as good and acceptable for all as Kidinnu's is. And also about Cyprus regarding your changes at Aratus.
		One at Kidinnu is rounded to 1s (29.53061343...d; 29.530614d was not mentioned to be raunded to 6th decimal with accuracy of 9/100s) and the other at Nabu-rimanni to 1/100s (29.53061401...d).
		The problem is also an accuracy of their measurements, so it is rather hard for us where to round all these values and how to show them.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/User_talk:Tom_Peters (1865 words)

	Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu había hecho probablemente métodos complejos y las ecuaciones para calcular los movimientos irregulares la luna de y otros planetas y especialmente del sol.
		Kidinnu introdujo probablemente el ciclo 19-year conocido como el ciclo de Metonic en el calendario babilónico en 383 A.C..
		En cerca de 314 Kidinnu (si él todavía estaba vivo en aquella 'epoca) sabía que el año sideral era más largo que el año tropical y por lo tanto puede A.C. haber estado enterado de la precesión de los equinoccios.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/ki/Kidinnu.htm (497 words)

	Seleukid empire (Greek), 335 - 141 BC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The texts include ephemerides, which are calculated tables predicting the times and locations of planets during significant planetary events, and procedure texts, which explain the rules for calculating the ephemerides.
		To calculate planetary positions, Kidinnu and the other scribes used a technique of arithmetical progression known today as a zigzag function.
		Unlike the early Greek astronomers, whose models were strictly qualitative(1), the Babylonian scribes attempted and achieved the ideal of quantitative prediction.
	hsci.cas.ou.edu /exhibits/exhibit.php?exbgrp=-999&exbid=47&exbpg=9 (661 words)

	CALENdeRsign
		Kidinnu already knew the repeating period of the eclipses, later called the Saros cycle.
		The actual reason of the shifting of the equinoxes, caused by the wobble of Earths axis, was not yet recognized.
		Hipparchos supposed, probably like Kidinnu before him, a false measurement of the Precession with 100 years for 1°, perhaps in order to round up this slow movement on entire millenniums and to harmonize with the Babylonian number system.
	www.calendersign.com /en/cs_300_year_fake.php (3022 words)

	Ancient History
		Kidinnu is another famous astronomers that followed in the footstep of Nabu-rimmani.
		Our discovery of oriental mathematicians is so recent, that we are still in a state of amazement at their triumphs, and a history of oriental mathematics, much less an appreciation of their contributions to the Greeks, must be well in the future...
		"Nabu-rimanni and Kidinnu were, first of all, priests, their lives devoted to the service of moon-god, sun-god, or the other divinities embodied in the celestial beings.
	www.jerusalemites.org /jerusalem/cultural_dimensions/2.htm (13151 words)

	Kidinnu: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Kidinnu
		In about 314 BC Kidinnu knew that the sidereal year was longer than the tropical year and therefore was probably aware of the precession of the equinoxes.
		He had smoothed the way for the more accurate calculations of Hipparchos, since it seems that Hipparchos, who worked for a while in Babylon (near Kidinnu's city of Sippar) around 139 BC, knew Kidinnu's work.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ki/Kidinnu.html (478 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A street map of Baghdad Average temperature (red) and precipitations (blue) in Baghdad Baghdad (Arabic:) is the capital of Iraq and the Baghdad Province.
		A tropical year is the length of time that the Sun, as viewed from the Earth, takes to return to the same position along the ecliptic (its path among the stars on the celestial sphere).
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kidinnu (1372 words)

	Kidinnu -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Head of the astronomical school at Sippar, Kidinnu was probably responsible for introducing the 19-year cycle into the Babylonian calendar in 383
		Based on centuries of observation, these tables were nonetheless somewhat crude and were superseded about a century later by Kidinnu's System B, a refined mathematical method for...
		It is known from both Babylonian and Greek history that at least from the time of King Nabonassar (whose reign began in 747 BC), a dated canon of astronomical observations was preserved at Babylon.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9045390 (381 words)

	Movement of the Vernal Equinox Point - © Dr Shepherd Simpson
		He was essentially ignored by other astrologers who incorrectly continued to use the older Kidinnu and Nabu-rimanni systems for relating the Vernal Equinox Point to the start of Aries.
		However, the Vernal Equinox Point was steadily moving, which meant that astrologers needed to re-define their system against it.
		This lead to what is now called System B [attributed to the Babylonian astrologer Kidinnu c 400 - 310 BC] in which the start of Aries lay at 8º from the Vernal Equinox Point.
	www.geocities.com /astrologyages/movementofthevep.htm (1747 words)

	Hipparchus - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He was able to do this because he possessed the sky map of Eratosthenes and age-old Babylonian observations and knew the theories of the great Kidinnu.
		Unfortunately, Hipparchus ignored Kidinnu's calculation of the length of the solar year.
		The Greek astronomer's estimate had an error of 6½ minutes, whereas the Babylonian was only 4½ short of the real length of the year.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /wcd/Hipparchus (149 words)

	Hellenistic Astrology [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		The rivalry between the Seleucid and Ptolemaic kingdoms may be reflected in the astrologers' varying attributions of the origins of astrology to Egyptians or Babylonians (called the Chaldaeans).
		Kidinnu and Soudines, two Babylonian astronomers mentioned by second century C.E. Vettius Valens, also contributed to Hellenistic astronomy and astrology.
		One scholar of the history of astronomy (P. Schnabel, Berossus und die babylonisch-hellenistische Literatur, Leipzig 1923) argued that Kidinnu possessed a theory of 'precession of the equinox' prior to Hipparchus.
	www.iep.utm.edu /a/astr-hel.htm (19004 words)

	Prologue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The monologue is attributed to someone named “Kidinnu.” Imagine that Kidinnu is a Babylonian astronomer, and that you are a Greek traveler in Babylon.
		The science of mathematical astronomy began four thousand years ago in ancient Mesopotamia, the land “between the rivers.”(1) The Tigris river winds southward from Ninevah, capital of the ancient Assyrian empire (modern Syria and northern Iraq).
		I am Kidinnu, leader of the Scribes of Enuma Anu Enlil, watchers of the night.
	hsci.cas.ou.edu /exhibits/exhibit.php?exbid=47&exbpg=1 (619 words)

	Kidinnu Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Looking For kidinnu - Find kidinnu and more at Lycos Search.
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	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Kidinnu (675 words)

	Learn more about Kidinnu in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Learn more about Kidinnu in the online encyclopedia.
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	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /k/ki/kidinnu.html (525 words)

	Kidinnu - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kidinnu or Cidenas was a famous Babylonian astronomer (fourth century BCE?), one of the most important persons in the history of science.
		A cuneiform Chronicle (http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/chron00.html) (the Alexander Chronicle), which has recently dated to the reign of king Darius III Codomannus, mentions that a man named Kidinnu was put to the sword by the Macedonian king Alexander the Great on 14 August 329.
		This page was last modified 21:04, 16 Jul 2005.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /wcd/Kidinnu (1712 words)

	Alan Boyle's Cosmic Log (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Jona Lendering: “I’d suggest naming an asteroid ‘Kidinnu.’ This Babylonian scientist is the forgotten founder of astronomy as a science.
		I mean, he was not merely observing the skies, but actually applying complex mathematics to predict the phenomena.
		In fact, he is far more important than the better-known Greek astronomers, who often used his results, which had been translated by Callisthenes, a courtier of Alexander the Great.” Joan forwarded a link to her article about Kidinnu.
	groups.msn.com /AlanBoylesCosmicLog/82003archive.msnw?action=get_message&mview=1&ID_Message=942 (666 words)

	Sixth Lap: Carnage and Kidinnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		AncientWorlds > Rome > The Subura > Meditrinalia > Sixth Lap: Carnage and Kidinnu
		In all the chaos Kidinnu has now taken the lead several lengths ahead of Vulturius who is saying prayers to Pluto after his nearness to a change of residence to that god’s kingdom!
		Vulterius rubbed the grit, sweat, and blood from his face and when he looked up he saw that his steering around the spina this turn had, alas, not been not perfect.
	ancientworlds.net /208633 (323 words)

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