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	Kielce pogrom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kielce pogrom refers to the events on July 4, 1946, in the Polish town of Kielce, when forty Polish Jews were massacred and eighty wounded out of about two hundred Holocaust survivors who returned home after World War II.
		While far from the deadliest pogrom against the Jews, the pogrom was especially significant in post-war Jewish history, as the attack took place 14 months after the end of World War II, well after the Nazis were defeated.
		The brutality of the Kielce pogrom put an end to the hopes of many Jews that they would be able to resettle in Poland after the end of the Nazi regime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kielce_pogrom (739 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kielce pogrom
		Kielce Exterior of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush tour the museum The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is a national institution located adjacent to The National Mall in Washington, DC, dedicated to documenting, studying, and interpreting the history of the Holocaust.
		Kielce pogrom refers to the events on July 4 July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining.
		Kielce pogrom at United States Holocaust Memorial Museum United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is a national institution located adjacent to The National Mall in Washington, DC, dedicated to documenting, studying, and interpreting the history of the Holocaust.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kielce-pogrom (1671 words)

	Kielce - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The area around Kielce was rich in minerals such as copper ore, lead ore, and iron, as well as limestone.
		In 1789 Kielce were nationalised and the burgers were granted the right to elect their own representatives in Sejm.
		The few remaining Jewish survivors left after the Kielce pogrom in July 1946, when 40 Jews and 2 Gentile Poles were massacred while Polish police and military stood by doing nothing to stop the mob.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kielce (1221 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Kielce belonged to the estates of the bishops of Krakow until 1818, and thus the prohibition on Jewish Settlement remained in force.
		Leon Rodel of Kielce was one of the Commanders of the Warsaw ghetto uprising.
		A monument was erected in the Kielce Jewish cemetery to perpetuate the memory of the victims of the Kielce pogrom.
	members.core.com /~mikerose/kielce.html (616 words)

	Poland's Century: War, Communism and Anti-Semitism
		In the town of Kielce, anti-Semitic attacks were magnified by the deliberate passivity of the law enforcement agencies and exacerbated further by conflicts between the MO and the UBP.
		By 12.00 the pogrom was given further impetus by the arrival of workers from the nearby steelworks.
		Although the pogrom was contained, it would appear that it had unleashed further killings in the town and in particular on trains leaving and arriving in Kielce.
	www.fathom.com /course/72809602/session3.html (2851 words)

	The Kielce Pogrom
		I became the first historian to gain access to materials on the Kielce pogrom contained in the archives of the Polish Ministry of the Interior in Warsaw and in the local archive in the town of Kielce itself.
		The temporary calm was interrupted by the arrival of workers from the Ludwikow steel mill.
		The pogrom in Kielce was a turning point in the post-war history of Jews in Poland.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/Kielce.html (4788 words)

	.:. Kielce Pogrom
		The Impact of the Pogrom in Kielce / Sinai Leichter
		However, the pogrom became known as the "mark of cain" on the forehead of Poland.
		It was after the Kielce pogrom when some Jewish repatriates came back badly wounded, that the Americans understood that the Jewish problem is of a different nature.
	www.kielce.org.il /content/pogrom_eng.html (965 words)

	Dia-pozytyw: DICTIONARY
		In 1932-1939, approximately 5,000 Jews from Kielce and its environs emigrated to Palestine.
		The Kielce pogrom prompted anti-Jewish incidents in and around the city; trains, for example, were stopped and searched for Jews.
		Kielce still has a synagogue dating back to the early twentieth century, which currently holds an archive.
	www.diapozytyw.pl /en/site/slownik_terminow/kielce (598 words)

	Photo Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Kielce pogrom erupted on July 4, 1946 after local residents accused a group of Jewish survivors and repatriates from the Soviet Union of kidnapping a Polish child for the purpose of using his blood for making matzah (a revival of the medieval, anti-Jewish blood libel).
		Though the Polish government speedily executed nine of the pogromists on July 14, the impact of the Kielce pogrom on the postwar Jewish community could not be mitigated.
		Shocked by the ferocity of the pogrom, the revival of the blood libel, the unsympathetic response of the church, and the inability of the government to curtail the violence, they concluded that Jews had no future in Poland.
	www.ushmm.org /uia-cgi/uia_doc/photos/2276?hr=null (374 words)

	Kielce - Part 5
		The Pogrom of Kielce was ignited by the Soviet introduction of an organized provocation based on planting false reports of ritual murders, a method of provoking violence originally started by the czarist governments.
		The Pogrom of Kielce was timed for anti-Polish propaganda purposes to persuade the Western powers that Poland should remain a colony of the Soviets, rather than being allowed to return to freedom as did other Allied nations.
		It may well be time, fifty years after this tragic event took place, to put the Kielce Pogrom in its proper perspective as an event unconnected with the Holocaust and an event not conducted by a free and willing Polish population, a population that in actual fact abhorred this violence.
	www.poloniatoday.com /kielce5.htm (2467 words)

	Strona profesora Iwo Cypriana Pogonowskiego
		The pogroms in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Czechia, and eastern Galicia as well as the Kielce pogrom was conducted under close control of the NKVD in order to generate an exodus of Jews who otherwise would not emigrate.
		She was assigned to supervise in 1996 in Tel-Aviv the deposition of Israeli survivors of Kielce pogrom for a report prepared by post-communist investigators Zbigniew Mielecki and others.
		Large exhibits of the 1946 Pogrom of Kielce are shown as the Polish phase of the genocide of the Jews.
	www.pogonowski.com /display_pl.php?textid=55 (3514 words)

	pogrom on Encyclopedia.com
		POGROM [pogrom], Russian term, originally meaning "riot," that came to be applied to a series of violent attacks on Jews in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th cent.
		Pogroms were few before the assassination of Alexander II in 1881; after that, with the connivance of, or at least without hindrance from, the government, there were many pogroms throughout Russia.
		After 1882 there were few pogroms until 1903, when there was an extremely violent three-day pogrom at Chisinau resulting in the death of 45 Jews.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/pogrom.asp (499 words)

	Sarmatian Review XVI.3: Books and Periodicals Received
		The subsequent trial of perpetrators resulted in nine death sentences for Polish civilian participants in the pogrom.The authors of the brochure suggest that the Kielce pogrom was an elaborate plot by the security forces in Soviet-occupied Poland, devised to advance two goals: 1.
		The ambiguities however suggest that the matter of the Kielce pogrom is overdue for a scholarly historical study.
		A good number of Jews attribute the responsibility for the pogrom to Poles, since it happened on Polish soil and involved a Polish-speaking mob (albeit, as the authors suggests, controlled and goaded on by men in NKVD uniforms).
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~sarmatia/996/received.html (2029 words)

	Poland, Facing Its Past, Apologizes for WWII Pogrom [Free Republic]
		The pogrom of July, 1946, was the second pogrom that took place in that city; the first occurred twenty-eight years before, on the very day that World War I ended and the Polish people received its renewed independence after one-hundred-fifty years of subjugation to Germany, Russia and Austria.
		The initial expression of their joy in attaining independence was a pogrom directed against Jews who had assembled for a festive gathering in order to express their support for the independent Polish government and, together with that, to voice their joy in the first anniversary of the Balfour Declaration.
		The pogrom was based on a rumor that Polish children were being kept against their will in the basement of a house at 7/9 Planty Street.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3b4b2b131831.htm (9021 words)

	Pogroms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the civil war that followed the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, tens of thousands of Jews were killed in pogrom violence in the Ukraine region and in eastern Poland (between 1918 and 1920).
		Kristallnacht (the "Night of Broken Glass"), the series of disturbances that included the burning of synagogues throughout Germany on November 9-10, 1938, was the first act of mass violence against the German Jewish community.
		The pogrom in Kielce was one of the factors that led to a mass migration of hundreds of thousands of Jews who had survived the Holocaust.
	www.ushmm.org /wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005366 (379 words)

	WVU History Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		She is the author of a book on the Kielce pogrom of 1946, Pogrom Zydow w Kielcach, 4 lipca 1946 (1992) and another on the Jewish population of Lower Silesia in the immediate postwar period, Ludnosc zydowska na Dolnym Slasku, 1945-1950 (2000).
		As a consequence of the pogrom, Jewish emigration from Poland increased dramatically.
		Yet both the Kielce pogrom and its aftermath, Szaynok emphasizes, were entangled in Poland’s political conflict between the communist-dominated regime and its legal and illegal opponents, establishing a pattern whereby Jewish issues would become instrumentalized in Polish politics for years to come.
	www.as.wvu.edu /history/CollabProject/CollabProject_Szaynok.htm (529 words)

	Kielce on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Founded in 1173, Kielce obtained municipal rights in the 14th cent.
		Kielce's pogrom: The last blood libel in Poland
		Poland probe: Authorities didn't instigate '46 Kielce pogrom
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/K/Kielce.asp (346 words)

	Kielce part 2
		They did it by staging pogroms in all of the satellite states in order to deliver the largest possible number of able-bodied men, many of them trained soldiers, to the Palestinian battlefield where the Jews were short of manpower.
		The Kielce Pogrom was an event provoked by the Soviets in conjunction with their attempt to Sovietize Poland that started in 1944.
		Some of the murders in the Kielce violence were committed by common criminals who robbed and murdered their victims as the riot was permitted to spread.
	www.naszawitryna.pl /jedwabne_en_113.html (6807 words)

	The Kielce Pogrom - Hotel Near (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While memories of the notorious Kielce Pogrom may have weighed heavily in wider postwar Polish-Jewish relations, the same could not be said in the city itself, where for many years there was no effective recognition of the event in the form of an official monument or commemoration.
		The house where the pogrom occurred, at no. 7/8 Planty, is a short walk west of the square on the edge of the canal that cuts across ul.
		IX Wieków Kielc, now an archive building, and the crumbling cemetery some way south of the centre in the Pakosz district (bus #4 passes fairly close by - get off on ul.
	www.hotelnear.com /3394/3399/7964g/Poland-Kielce-The_Kielce_Pogrom.html (877 words)

	ipedia.com: Kielce pogrom Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The pogrom accelerated the exodus of surviving Polish Jews to Israel (then British mandate of Palestine) and the United States.
		On July 4, the Chief of Police in Kielce stated in a meeting of the provincial council that Jews had killed some Polish children.
		The Jewish Pogrom in Kielce - New Evidence (by Bozena Szaynok)
	www.ipedia.com /kielce_pogrom.html (3669 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Between the Millstones in Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		...The government's actions, and the subsequent trial of nine of the ringleaders of the pogrom who were sentenced to death and executed, were accompanied by a controversy involving the government, the opposition, and the Church...
		...The pogrom in Kielce has aroused world opinion because it was the largest massacre of Jews in the post-Nazi era...
		...The government claims that the pogrom was instigated by the secret NSZ (National Armed Forces), which is accused of being the armed agent of the Polish reactionary forces abroad and is said to number about 30,000...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V2I2P13-1.htm (5474 words)

	jewishsiliconvalley.org \| jewish community news
		In Kielce, where 200 Jews had returned by the winter of 1946, these fears became reality when a child’s lie re-ignited centuries of anti-Jewish hatreds.
		Kielce’s Christian population, brought up on lurid stories of Jewish desire for Christian blood, accepted the boy’s fantasy as fact.
		Following the Kielce Pogrom, 100,000 Polish Jews, more than half of those who had so recently been repatriated, fled across the border into the American-controlled zone.
	www.jewishsiliconvalley.org /jcn/07_2004/jewishhistory.html (672 words)

	The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, page 647
		This man was among the survivors of the Kielce pogrom.
		Before the war, the city of Kielce in southeast Poland had included some 15,000 Jews among a population of about 60,000.
		In 1946 about 200 Jews were living in Kielce, most of them waiting to immigrate to Palestine.
	www.holocaustchronicle.org /StaticPages/647.html (489 words)

	Definition of pogrom
		He became a target of the [[pogrom]]s because he was a [[Jew]] and fled to [[Paris]]...
		3:...town was notable over the years for a series of [[pogrom]]s carried out in the region, the last of which,...
		3:...p://www.marxist.com/Europe/kosovo.html The Kosovo pogrom and the Balkan Powder-keg] (1998), and [http://ww...
	www.wordiq.com /search/pogrom.html (533 words)

	CJC Printer Friendly
		On this tragic day a mob of several thousand, including Polish soldiers and policemen, attacked a group of Jewish survivors at their community centre which served as a way station for the emaciated, sick and broken death camp survivors, hidden children and local partisans.
		CJC National Holocaust Remembrance Committee Co-Chairs Nathan Leipciger and Myra Giberovitch expressed shock that in 1946 the pretext for the pogrom was blood libel, incited by a woman who claimed her son had been abducted by Jews.
		However, the CJC leaders say that the investigation and trials were rushed through the Polish courts and left a number of questions unanswered.
	www.cjc.ca /ptemplate.php?action=news&story=465&CJC=3b585499955a2e415eaf884e623291c9&CJC=3b585499955a2e415eaf884e623291c9 (432 words)

	Journal Record, The (Oklahoma City): In search of answers to 50-year-old tragedy Local attorney to spend
		A pogrom is an organized massacre of a minority group, especially Jews.
		The Federation of Polish Jews of the United States is coordinating the seven-day pilgrimage to Kielce.
		Standard accounts of the Kielce Pogrom include an account by an 8- year-old boy, said to be missing for three days, who blamed the Jews for kidnapping him.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qn4182/is_19960702/ai_n10093710 (740 words)

	Jerusalem Post: Kielce's pogrom: The last blood libel in Poland@ HighBeam Research
		TODAY marks the 50th anniversary of the infamous pogrom in the Polish city of Kielce.
		The pogrom, in which thousands of ordinary people took to the streets and massacred their neighbors on the charge that the latter were guilty of ritual murder, was a result of a blood-libel accusation against the Jews.
		The pogrom's anniversary is by and large ignored in Poland.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:2514171&refid=holomed_1 (208 words)

	CER \| Poland: Making sense of the Jedwabne pogrom
		But now that the culpability of Polish villagers in the Jedwabne pogrom has been established, many Poles seem unwilling to admit that they could be anything other than victims, despite the events of almost sixty years ago.
		That was the extent of the Church's expression of sympathy in regard to the Jedwabne pogrom.
		Moreover, Gross writes that days before the Jedwabne massacre, a likely pogrom was averted after the spiritual leader of the Jewish community visited the Jedwabne priest.
	www.ce-review.org /01/14/orlet14.html (1325 words)

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