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Topic: Kiev Offensive (1920)

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	The Ultimate Kiev Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Historically, Kiev is one of the most ancient (probably 1550 years old) and important cities of the region, the center of Rus civilization, survivor of numerous wars, purges and genocides.
		Kiev was probably founded in the 5th century and functioned as a trading post between Constantinople and Scandinavia.
		The church of Saint Sophia in Kiev, begun in 1037, was designed to emulate the splendor of Byzantine churches, reflecting the reception of Christianity from the Byzantine Empire.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Kiev (2904 words)

	Kiev Offensive - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		From the perspective of staff maps in Warsaw, it was clear that the recently-created Polish Army was too weak to withstand both the offensive in the southern, Ukrainian sector and the spring offensive being prepared by the Bolsheviks in Belarus and north of the Pripyat Marshes.
		However, the commander of the Polish 3rd Army in the vicinity of Kiev, General Edward Rydz-Śmigły, was seeking a way to repulse the upcoming Russian assault rather than withdraw, and even proposed to the General Staff regrouping all his forces at Kiev and defending there until relieved.
		On June 13 Kiev was evacuated and left to the Soviets.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kiev_Offensive (3105 words)

	kiev information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Kiev, officially Kyiv (Київ in Ukrainian, Киев in Russian) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, and has officially around 2.6 million inhabitants, although the large number of unregistered domesticimmigrants would probably raise this figure to about 4 million.
		Kiev was probably founded in the 5th century and functioned as a tradingpost between Constantinople and Scandinavia.
		The church of Saint Sophia in Kiev, begun in 1037, was designed toemulate the splendor of Byzantine churches, reflecting the reception of Christianity from the Byzantine Empire.
	www.vsearchmedia.com /kiev.html (1819 words)

	Ukraine - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Its capital was Kiev, the capital of modern Ukraine, wrestled from Khazars by Askold and Dir in the late 800s.
		The seat of Kiev, the most prestigious and influential of all principalities, became a subject of many rivarlies between Rurikids as the most valuable prize in their quest for power, sometimes through intrigue but often through bloody conflicts.
		In the mid 14th century it was subjugated by Casimir IV of Poland while the heartland of Rus', including Kiev, fell under the Gedimid Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Ukraine (3855 words)

	Chronology 1920
		The White Russian offensive coincided with the Polish invasion of the Ukraine, which diverted Red Army units from southern Russia.
		The Greek army began its offensive in Anatolia from Smyrna to establish a sphere-of-influence in western Turkey.
		British Prime Minister David Lloyd-George strongly encouraged the Greeks to mount the offensive as the quickest means to force the Turkish government to sign the peace treaty.
	www.indiana.edu /~league/1920.htm (5504 words)

	Polish-Soviet War Encyclopedia Article @ Accorded.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Finally, the ending dates are given as either 1920 or 1921; this confusion stems from the fact that while the ceasefire was put in force in fall 1920, the official treaty ending the war was signed months later, in 1921.
		In the course of 1920, almost 800,000 Red Army personnel were sent to fight in the Polish war, of whom 402,000 went to the Western front and 355,000 to the armies of the South-West front in Galicia.
		Polish forces in the area, preparing for an offensive towards Žlobin, managed to push the Soviets back, but were unable to start their own planned offensive.
	www.accorded.net /encyclopedia/Polish-Soviet_War (7081 words)

	1918-20. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Thereupon the Bolsheviks attacked and took Kiev (Feb. 18), but they were soon ejected by the Germans (March 2), who then also took Odessa (March 13) and overran the whole of Ukraine, from which they tried, rather unsuccessfully, to secure much-needed food supplies.
		The Soviet government recognized the independence of Estonia (Feb. 2, 1920), of Lithuania (July 12), of Latvia (Aug. 11), and of Finland (Oct. 14).
		In another swift offensive he then captured Odessa (Aug. 18) and took Kiev (Sept. 2), only to be forced to retreat again (Dec.).
	www.bartleby.com /67/2067.html (1492 words)

	boating accessories, marine ultra performance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Opinions vary as to the immediate derivation, but the first known mentioning in the Kiev Chronicle of 1187 probably uses the word in the meaning of âregion, principalityâ, which might be etymologized as âland cut out for a Princeâ (maybe referring to the general feudal practice of a prince dividing land between his sons).
		The voivodship of Kiev, which was called Ukraina from the 16th century on, was on the south-eastern border of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
		In the mid 14th century it was subjugated by Casimir IV of Poland while the heartland of Rus\', including Kiev, fell under the Gediminids of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
	www.boatingaccessoriesiworld.com /wiki2-Ukraine (5050 words)

	Home > Asan, Guam, GU, 96910, Asan Real Estate, Asan Yellow Pages, Asan Classifieds, Asan News, Asan Events, Asan ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The plan of Kiev Operation was to defeat the Soviet troops on the Polish southern flank and establish a friendly government in Ukraine.
		On May 24, 1920 the Polish-Ukrainian forces were engaged for the first time by Semyon Budionny and his elite First Cavalry Army.
		However, the Polish retreat from Kiev and Russian advance was a severe blow to JÃ³zef PiÅsudski\'s political plans to create a pro-Polish government in Kiev, as part of the "MiÄdzymorze federation.".
	asan.guamus.com /details/Kiev_Offensive (2975 words)

	Polish-Soviet War information information - Search.com
		The frontiers between Poland and the Russian SFSR had not been clearly defined in the Treaty of Versailles and were further rendered chaotic by the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Russian Civil War, German withdrawal from the eastern front, and the attempts of Ukraine and Belarus to establish their independence.
		The Soviet offensive into Poland would be an opportunity "to probe Europe with the bayonets of the Red Army." It would be the Soviet Union's first penetration into Europe proper, the first attempt to export the Bolshevik Revolution by force.
		On 20 August 1920, the Polish army had reached the total strength of 737,000, so there was rough numerical parity between the two armies - 950,000 on the Soviet side, although the Soviet Union had reserves totaling 4 million soldiers, due to shortage of arms they were not at the front.
	webshots.search.com /reference/Polish-Soviet_War (6908 words)

	Kiev Offensive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Meanwhile, Polish military intelligence was aware of Russian preparations for a counteroffensive, and Polish commander-in-chief Józef Pilsudski ordered the commander of Polish forces on the Ukrainian Front, General Antoni Listowski, to prepare for a strategic withdrawal.
		However, the commander of the Polish 3rd Army in the vicinity of Kiev, General Edward Rydz-Smigly, was seeking a way to repulse the upcoming Russian assault rather than withdraw, and even proposed to the General Staff regrouping all his forces at Kiev and defending there until relieved.
		However, the Polish retreat from Kiev and Russian advance was a severe blow to Józef Pilsudski's political plans to uphold the UPR's independence, as part of the "Miedzymorze federation.".
	libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Kiev_Offensive.html (3073 words)

	Polish-Soviet War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Polish military successes in the autumn of 1920 allowed Poland to capture the Wilno (Vilnius) region, where a Polish-dominated Governance Committee of Central Lithuania (Komisja Rządząca Litwy Środkowej) was formed.
		Graves of Polish soldiers fallen in the Battle of Warsaw (1920), Powązki Cemetery, Warsaw.
		The Polish side claimed that during the Soviet retreat from Berdychiv, Kiev and Zhytomyr mass hostage-taking of civilians occurred, with hostages forced to go with the Reds all the way to the rear of the front.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Polish-Soviet_War.htm (8476 words)

	Scenarios for TOAW
		Poland was one of the nations that used the turmoil of the Russian revolution of 1917 to win their independence from Russia.
		Mutinies had at that time erupted among some of the Red Army units, and the Polish Cavalry managed to advance 160 kilometers in only 39 hours, the Reds over-extended XIIth Army was soon overwhelmed, losing some 8.500 prisoners, 28 guns and 180 Machine guns in their headlong retreat towards the east.
		In an epic march it had moved som 1.100 kilometers in a number of weeks, from the shores of the Black Sea, and on the 29th of May it struck with its full force, south of Kiev, at the junction of the Polish 6th and 3rd Armies.
	www.fortunecity.co.uk /underworld/shoot/68/kiev.htm (540 words)

	1920 - What happened in 1920 ?
		Polish-Bolshevik War: Polish-Ukrainian troops captured Kyiv during the Kiev Offensive.
		In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc as a saint.
		The first broadcast was the results of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.
	www.spiritus-temporis.com /1920 (452 words)

	85th Anniversary of the Battle of Warsaw, the Battle that saved Europe from Communism
		During the Red Army offensive and Polish defense of Warsaw, Hungary supplied Poland with millions of shells, bullets, thousands of guns and rifles and was actually the only country in the world that supported Poland unconditionally.
		The Kosciuszko Squadron was first used in the Kiev Offensive in April 1920, rebasing from Lwów to Po³onne.
		In August 1920 the Koœciuszko Squadron took part in the defense of Lwów, and after the climactic Battle of Warsaw it participated in the epic Battle of Komarów which crippled Budionny's cavalry.
	freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1463775/posts (3157 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> ms:Ukraine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		largest_city = Kiev government_type = Parliamentary democracy leader_title1 = President leader_title2 = Prime Minister leader_name1 = Viktor Yushchenko leader_name2 = Viktor Yanukovych area_rank = 44th area_magnitude = 1 E8 area= 603,700 areamiÂ²= 233,090
		These details result in a significant difference across different survey results, as even a small restating of a question switches responses of a significant group of people.
		"[As of 2006, in Kiev] Ukrainian is used a home by 23% the respondents [to a survey]; while 52% use Russian and 24% switch between both"
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/ms:Ukraine (4569 words)

	The FReeper Foxhole Remembers The Marshall Islands Campaign(1/31/1944 - 2/8/1944) - May 20th, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1920 the Red Army of the new Soviet regime in Russia invaded Poland.
		Sikorski commanded the Polesie Group during the Kiev offensive in 1920.
		Each offensive revealed the same theme....The Japanese were going to make a fight of it....even if we *knew they were starving.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-vetscor/1138984/posts (9853 words)

	For Ukraine and Belarus’s freedom "ДЕНЬ" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The new administration of Halychyna and Bukovyna, mostly run by Ukrainians, existed from May to July 1917.
		In late July, on the initiative of the then chairman of the Provisional Government, Prince Georgiy Lvov, the Russian army launched an offensive in Halychyna.
		After some initial successes the demoralized army, undermined by Bolshevik agitation, was incapable of organized actions.
	www.day.kiev.ua /152576 (1612 words)

	Ukraine
		Ukrainian Orthodox - Kiev Patriarchate 19%, Orthodox (no particular jurisdiction) 16%, Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate 9%, Ukrainian Greek Catholic 6%, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox 1.7%, Protestant, Jewish, none 38% (2004 est.)
		chief of mission: Ambassador John E. embassy: 10 Yuriia Kotsiubynskoho, 04053 Kiev
		mailing address: 5850 Kiev Place, Washington, DC 20521-5850
	www.my-world-guide.com /country/245 (4405 words)

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