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	DPRK Briefing Book : Negotiating Style
		Kim Jong-il, the first son of North Korea's founder, President Kim Il-sung, was born in 1942 in a Russian military camp near Khabarovsk, where his father and a small band of guerillas were hiding from the Japanese troops who had chased them out of China.
		Kim Il-sung, the third generation in a family of heroic Korean fighters, was said to be waging a successful battle to liberate Korea from the Japanese.
		Kim's childhood was typical-for the son of a dictator.
	www.nautilus.org /DPRKBriefingBook/negotiating/ProfileofKimJong-il.html (2337 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Asia / S. Korean politician Kim Jong-pil retires (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kim came close to becoming the longest-serving lawmaker in South Korea, but fell short of the milestone because his party failed to take a proportional seat at last Thursday's parliamentary elections.
		Kim was a long-standing foe of former President Kim Dae-jung, yet still served as prime minister for two years under his rival.
		Former President Kim Dae-jung, who fought for democracy, claimed that KCIA agents kidnapped him in 1973 from a Tokyo hotel and nearly killed him while he was in Japan in self-imposed exile.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2004/04/19/s_korean_politician_kim_jong_pil_retires (368 words)

	Asia Society: Publications - Korea's 16th National Assembly Elections
		This Kim persuaded Kim Jong Pil of the ULD to withdraw in favor of an electoral coalition for Kim Dae Jung’s triumph.
		Kim Young Sam of the ruling DLP promised to create a "New Korea" and to practice "reform amid stability." On the opposition side, Kim Dae Jung campaigned for an "interparty shift of power" and "grand national reconciliation." The first was a standard campaign theme for the main opposition.
		Kim Dae Jung’s PPD vividly demonstrated its regional strength by capturing 37 of the 38 districts in the Honam region.
	www.asiasociety.org /publications/korean_elections.html (8946 words)

	Kim Dae jung
		When Kim Young-sam became president, Kim Dae-jung was the opposition leader and led moves to obstruct the passage of such contentious bills as labor laws, which were intended to allow employers to conduct mass layoffs, the legislation which was eventually adopted after his 1997 presidential election victory.
		Kim Jong-il was elected Member of the Presidium of the Political Bureau and Secretary of the Military Commission of the Party Central Committee at the Sixth Congress of the WPK in October 1980.
		Kim Il-sung was aware that lack of military connections was his son’s weak point, so he started transferring power to Kim Jung-il by having him named to posts that gave him influence over the military, including the title of supreme commander of the Korean People’s Army in 1991.
	www.asian-affairs.com /Korea/kimdaejung.html (6719 words)

	CNN - Opposition boycott shadows South Korea's new president - February 25, 1998
		Kim Jong-pil, 72, a retired army colonel, played a pivotal role in the 1961 coup that brought General Park Chung Hee to power and served as his right-hand man until the dictator's assassination in 1979.
		Kim said in his speech that he would be agreeable to a summit with North Korea, and proposed an exchange of special envoys to strengthen ties and end the state of war that technically still exists between the two countries.
		Kim himself was one of Amnesty's "prisoners of conscience" in the 1970s and 1980s when he spent long periods in jail or under house arrest for opposing repressive military rule.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9802/24/s.korea.wrap/index.html (1261 words)

	Digital Chosunilbo (English Edition) : Daily News in English About Korea
		Kim was pleased to hear this and promised to work for the party throughout his suspension in an unofficial capacity.
		Kim made an important reference at a December 3, news conference when he was asked whether more troops would be sent to Vietnam.
		Kim Jong-pil returned as party chairman, but the gang of four wielded the real power as Park balanced his authority supported with the four, the KCIA and Lee Hoo-rak.
	english.chosun.com /w21data/html/news/199912/199912210352.html (701 words)

	Kim Jong-pil
		Kim Jong-pil is a South Korean politician who served as Prime Minister twice, from 1971-1975 and from 1998-2000.
		Kim Jong-pil was born in Buyeo County, South Chungcheong province.
		He participated in the military coup led by Major General Park Chunghee in 1961 and served in several high-profile office, including Prime Minister and Chairman of the ruling Democratic Republican Party during Park's tenure that lasted 18 years.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/k/ki/kim_jong_pil.html (125 words)

	Kim Jong-pil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kim Jong-pil is a South Korean politician and founder of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (the KCIA, now the National Intelligence Service), who served as Prime Minister twice, from 1971-1975 and from 1998-2000.
		Kim Jong-pil was born in Buyeo County, South Chungcheong province, and graduated from the Korean Military Academy in 1949 (KMA class No. 8).
		He participated in the military coup led by Major General Park Chunghee in 1961 and served in several high-profile offices, including Chairman of the ruling Democratic Republican Party during Park's tenure of eighteen years.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kim_Jong-pil (158 words)

	Kim Dae Jung's inauguration as South Korean president: From opposition leader to IMF linchpin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kim Dae Jung's willingness to link arms with his former persecutors should serve as a sharp warning to South Korean workers of the measures he is prepared to use against them.
		Kim Dae Jung used his close connections with the trade unions, particularly the unofficial Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU) that emerged in the mass strike struggles of the late 1980s, to ram through legislative amendments lifting the ban on widespread sackings.
		Kim underscored his commitment to the IMF's restructuring demands by appointing as central bank governor Chon Chol Hwan, an economics professor who opposed the previous relations between the military, the banks and the chaebol, and criticized rampant property speculation.
	www.wsws.org /news/1998/mar1998/kore-m11.shtml (1215 words)

	Asia Times: ANALYSIS: Predecessors' fate haunts Kim Dae-jung
		After Kim Young-sam took over the presidency, his government saw to it that Chun and Roh were garbed in prison coveralls and locked up like common pickpockets for their political and economic crimes in office.
		Kim Dae-jung's first step, once he realized it was time to act, was to take care of some old business with Prime Minister Kim Jong-pil, who heads the conservative smaller party in the governing coalition.
		Kim Dae-jung is having trouble fending off critics who say merger would mean the effective end of his avowed push to bring in new faces and create a reform party, one that would represent the lower and middle classes and lead the country into the new millenium - as the rhetoric goes.
	www.atimes.com /koreas/AI30Dg01.html (1527 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Honamese in South Korea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Dae Jung Kim was unanimously appointed to be a permanent adviser to the NKDP during the NKDP convention.
		Young Sam Kim refused to accept a political position until Dae Jung Kim is able to undertake political activities (but he finally joined the NKDP and accepted his position as a party adviser on January 8, 1986).
		Kim Dae Jung, the former leader of the DP who retired in 1992, actively campaigned during the elections, indicating that he might be paving the way for a return to the national scene.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=73201 (3308 words)

	The Bush-Kim-Moon Triangle of Money
		One was a longtime Moon ally, Kim Jong Pil, not to be confused with North Korea's current leader Kim Jong Il.
		Kim Young Sam got 28 percent and Kim Dae Jung received 27 percent.
		Kim's association with the theocrat who considers himself the new Messiah has remained discreet, with the two men generally avoiding contact in public.
	www.rickross.com /reference/unif/unif115.html (2508 words)

	What's Up, Gen. Kim Jong Il?
		Kim Young Sam ordered his troops to shoot any "intruders" in the DMZ (Kim Young Sam has since been strongly "counseled" not to be trigger-happy by a US State Dept. official).
		Kim Jong Il could not care less which political party won the election because, in his mind, the US alone holds the key to the Korean problem.
		Kim Young Sam's ruling party unexpectedly won strongly in the Seoul area by taking 27 out of the 47 electoral districts, an indication that the voters largely supported the three-year change and reform of Kim Young Sam.
	www.kimsoft.com /korea/nk-dmz.htm (778 words)

	Global Beat: The Election of Kim Dae Jung, the American Reaction, and Future Inter-Korean Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kim's success on a fundamental level was due to the refusal of Rhee In Je, candidate of the New People's Party, to withdraw from the race; Rhee took a large number of votes away from Lee that cost him the election.
		Kim is expected to appoint a bipartisan cabinet with Kim Jong Pil as prime minister shortly after his inauguration on February 25, 1998.
		Kim blames his predecessor for an inconsistent, incoherent northern policy that was simply as a tool of domestic politics; in the end, Kim Young Sam merely maintained the status quo.
	www.nyu.edu /globalbeat/asia/napsnet122297.html (1611 words)

	Asiaweek.com
		Kim assured Lipton he would try hard to implement IMF reforms and use his goodwill with unions, earned over decades of support for labor causes, to gain worker cooperation.
		In his victory speech, Kim Dae Jung heartily endorsed the four-party talks that are to resume in Geneva in March.
		Kim promised that Seoul would continue to back the construction of light-water reactors in North Korea, and he proposed a summit meeting with Pyongyang leader Kim Jong Il.
	www.pathfinder.com /asiaweek/98/0109/nat1.html (1735 words)

	New South Korean President to Face Many New Challenges
		But Kim and his aides are determined to use the ceremony, which represents the first peaceful transfer of power from the ruling party to an opposition party in South Korea's troubled postwar history, to lift the spirits of this anxious nation and usher in an era of reconciliation, sweeping reform and economic rebirth.
		Kim, 74, was elected with just 40.3 percent of the vote but his popularity ratings have soared to over 80 percent in the seven weeks since.
		Kim will rule jointly with the International Monetary Fund, which is demanding painful reforms in exchange for the $60 billion global bailout plan that South Korea accepted in November.
	www-tech.mit.edu /V118/N7/bkorea.7w.html (780 words)

	Asiaweek.com
		Kim Jong Pil has been making political enemies in South Korea for nearly four decades, ever since he teamed up with dictator Park Chung Hee in 1961 to stage a coup.
		Opposition to Kim Jong Pil had united the GNP, which is torn into at least four distinct factions.
		Kim is a staunch anti-American and opposes imports of foreign beef and rice.
	www.pathfinder.com /asiaweek/98/0313/nat2.html (849 words)

	CNN - Shoving, shouting as S. Korean lawmakers vote on premier - March 2, 1998
		The session to confirm Kim Jong-pil was adjourned after 20 minutes after legislators of the president's party angrily protested what they claimed were illegal votes -- blank ballots cast by members of the majority opposition.
		It claimed Kim Jong-pil is not qualified to serve as prime minister because of his ties to past military dictatorships and his lack of background in economics.
		Support from Kim Jong-pil's small conservative party was key in the December election, which Kim Dae-jung won with only 40 percent of the vote.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9803/02/korea.politics/index.html (673 words)

	Asiaweek.com
		Kim Dae Jung, a liberal former democracy activist, was once a constant target of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, the national security apparatus that conservative Kim Jong Pil formed during military strongman Park Chung Hee's rule.
		The provisions of the agreement stipulate that if Kim Dae Jung is elected president, he has to give the post of prime minister to a ULD member (widely assumed to be Kim Jong Pil).
		While the prime ministership is largely ceremonial, the pact also requires Kim Dae Jung to move toward the realization of Kim Jong Pil's pet project: a change from the current presidential system to a cabinet-styled parliamentary government.
	www.pathfinder.com /Asiaweek/97/1114/nat6.html (885 words)

	Korea Times Print (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A graduate of the Korean Military Academy, Kim took part in the coup as an assistant officer for then-army general Park Chung-hee.
		Kim was called in for questioning on Sunday, and admitted to having taken 1.5 billion won in illegal funds from Samsung ahead of the June 3 elections in 2002, according to the Supreme Public Prosecutors’ Office (SPPO).
		Kim’s indictment comes as several more ULD lawmakers are facing bribery charges.
	times.hankooki.com /cgi-bin/hkiprn.cgi?pa=/lpage/200405/kt2004052014492210160.htm&ur=times.hankooki.com&fo=print_kt.htm (336 words)

	Strategic Forum 49
		As a result, Kim Young Sam suffered a major embarrassment, Kim Jong Pil got a new lease on political life, and Kim Dae Jung got the opening he was seeking for a return to politics.
		Later, in a successful effort to isolate Kim Dae Jung and position himself to capture the presidency in 1992, Kim Young Sam joined his arch enemies--Kim Jong Pil and Roh Tae Woo, the architects of the 1961 and 1979/80 military coups respectively--to form the DLP in 1990.
		Kim Jong Pil, the father of the dreaded KCIA, and Kim Dae Jung, kidnapped and nearly murdered by the KCIA in the 1970s, are the strangest of bedfellows in 1995 as they collaborate to further weaken Kim Young Sam and the remnants of the DLP.
	www.ndu.edu /inss/strforum/SF_49/forum49.html (2107 words)

	Asia Times: Memo to Kim Jong-pil: kindly leave the stage
		In North Korea, Kim Il-sung held power for almost half a century, from 1945 up until his heart attack seven summers ago when he was 82.
		JP, according to the Seoul press, seriously fancies himself as a contender in next year's presidential elections (in which Kim Dae-jung cannot run again; the constitution forbids a second term, although moves are afoot to alter this).
		A colonel and kinsman of Park Chung-hee, Kim Jong-pil was Park's right-hand man in his 1961 putsch: Korea's first military coup since 1392, and as such deeply offensive to Confucians as well as democrats.
	www.atimes.com /koreas/CH25Dg02.html (896 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Kim Jong-pil
		Kim Jong-pil (*January 7, 1926) is a South Korean politician and founder of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (the KCIA, now the National Intelligence Service), who served as Prime Minister twice, from 1971–1975 and from 1998–2000.
		Kim Jong-pil was born in Buyeo County, South Chungcheong province, and graduated from the Korean Military Academy in 1949 (KMA class No. 8).
		He participated in the military coup led by Major General Park Chunghee in 1961 and served in several high-profile offices, including Chairman of the ruling Democratic Republican Party during Park's tenure of eighteen years.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Kim_Jong-pil (189 words)

	JPRI Working Paper No. 51
		President Kim's bold announcement on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the South Korean government (August 15, 1998) that "nation-building will restart" fails to note whether his prime minister and the Federation of Korean Industries are with him.
		Kim Jong-pil is now in the official residence, promoting the old ways and playing a stronger role every day in the "second nation-building program" that Kim Dae-jung announced on August 15, 1998, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Republic of Korea.
		President Kim seems to be pressing for recognition as an "economic president," much as George Bush did when he wanted to be the "education president." Korea University recently gave President Kim an honorary degree in economics.
	www.jpri.org /publications/workingpapers/wp51.html (5073 words)

	VOX POPULI, VOX DEI:Kim's determination key to his victory (Asahi Shimbun) Dec. 20, 1997 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kim's political career has been truly turbulent, dotted with such episodes as being put under house arrest, being sentenced to death on a charge of insurrection, and having to live in exile.
		And not only that, he has also joined hands with Kim Jong Pil, the first KCIA director who was prime minister at the time of his abduction.
		Kim Jong Pil has since joined forces with prominent conservative politicians, who in turn have become Kim Dae Jung's powerful backers.
	vikingphoenix.com /news/archives/1997/asia/as970025.htm (507 words)

	REPUBLIC OF KOREA
		Though Kim Dae Jung is personally popular among the Korean masses, he had been an outsider to the power network of the country's elite.
		Kim Jong Pil was the founder of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency that was responsible for brutal repression of the people for more than two decades.
		The election of Kim Dae Jung, who was once an advocate of the labor and the poor, also indicates the dissatisfaction among Korean people with the elite KNP (now under the new name GNP) whose policies resulted in the disaster.
	iwraw.igc.org /publications/countries/republic_of_korea.htm (1814 words)

	TIME Asia \| Kim Dae Jung \| 3/2/98
		For all his early progress, Kim leads a fragile parliamentary coalition in which his chief ally, Kim Jong Pil, is a conservative establishment pol.
		What is most remarkable about Kim's resolve to tackle Korea's problems is the former dissident's patience, infused with a surprising willingness to forgive.
		Kim will have to realize that he doesn't have that much time." This week, as luminaries from George Soros to Michael Jackson to Corazon Aquino descend on Seoul for his inauguration, Kim is doubtless aware that the real celebration will have to come later.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/1998/int/980302/cover5.html (593 words)

	[No title]
		Kim Jong-pil was handpicked by the President as party chairman shortly after the inauguration of the new government but has come under strong criticism for his lack of reform zeal." (KH, "KIM JONG-PIL RESIGNS FROM RULING PARTY CHAIRMANSHIP," Seoul, p.
		A group of ex-lawmakers from the former New Democratic Republican Party which Kim used to lead have taken the initiative and resolved to revive the "glory" which Kim and they enjoyed in the past.
		Kim seems to be hedging into conservative and soldier-turned politicians' territory, an area he has always lauded for their role in making what Korea is today.
	www.nautilus.org /archives/pub/ftp/napsnet/daily_reports/1995/01-95_--_Jan/JAN24 (2309 words)

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