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	Kimberella - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kimberella quadrata is a fossil animal from the Ediacaran or Vendian fauna.
		Kimberella may have left trace fossils consisting of long trails that have been found in the Ediacaran strata.
		Kimberella used these teeth to scratch the bacteria off the surface mat on the sea bed, and rake it into its mouth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kimberella (337 words)

	Kimberella quadrata
		Kimberella quadrata was originally described from late Precambrian rocks of southern Australia.
		Description: Kimberella is oval to pear-shaped, bilaterally symmetrical, 3 to 105 mm long, possibly up to 140 mm (the range is continuous, with no apparent ontogenetic variation), possessing several features organised concentrically.
		The adjacent parallel lines are trace fossils associated with Kimberella, and are believed to represent infilled feeding scratches through a microbial mat, suggesting that Kimberella possessed feeding structure similar to the molluscan radula [after Erwin and Davidson 2002, fig.
	www.peripatus.gen.nz /Taxa/Echinodermata/Kimberellaquadrata.html (295 words)

	Science News Online - This Week - News Feature - 8/30/97
		The fossil, with the lyrical name of Kimberella, is preserved in 550-million-year-old rocks from the late Precambrian era, which immediately preceded the burst of animal evolution known as the Cambrian explosion.
		Kimberella lacks key characteristics, such as a radula, or raspy, tonguelike organ, that would classify it as a true mollusk.
		The late Precambrian fossil Kimberella is a mollusc-like bilaterian organism.
	www.sciencenews.org /sn_arc97/8_30_97/fob1.htm (583 words)

	Ediacaran biota - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many believe that some or all of the Ediacarans are precursors to one or more modern phyla that arose in the Cambrian.
		Movement traces are known for some organisms, such as Dickinsonia, Kimberella, and Yorgia.
		A few of these fossils Kimberella, Parvancorina and Spriggina seem to be possible early examples of molluscs and arthropods.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vendian_faunas (996 words)

	Precambrian/Cambrian boundary Black Hills, North Dakota and Grand Canyon
		Kimberella, one of the most fascinating Vendian fossils, has received a great deal of attention lately.
		Specimens of Kimberella from the White Sea are found as relatively deep depressions on the undersides of siltstone slabs.
		Fedonkin and Waggoner reasoned that Kimberella probably had a tough shell-like covering that rigidly stood up into the sediment when the animals were buried.
	www.brynmawr.edu /geology/102/lectures/lowerPaleoz_files/slide0038.htm (230 words)

	Sara Cina
		Kimberella is the first widely recognized bilaterian fossil, but it is a complex organism containing many different parts, and could not have instantaneously sprung from a blob-like ancestor.
		However, Kimberella is itself a member of the Ediacaran assemblage of fossils, and so any ancestor must have predated even this early assortment of squishy creatures.
		Kimberella, the oldest bilaterian fossil, taken from Erwin and Davidson, 2002.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~sciwrite/journal03/A-L/cina.html (3123 words)

	Kimberella 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		It was hypothesized to be a box jellyfish (cubozoan) until new information came to light.
		Recently, many well-preserved and large (up to three centimeters across!) specimens from the White Sea region of Russia were found by teams of researchers from the Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow (PIN) and UCMP.
		The new Kimberella specimens were studied Dr. Mikhail A. Fedonkin of PIN and Dr.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /vendian/kimberella.html (202 words)

	Mawsonites Dickensonia Charniodiscus Kimberella Vendian Ediacara
		Charniodiscus fossils look like plant fronds, and it was a stationary filter feeder perhaps like a modern sea pen.
		Kimberella was a three centimeter wide animal, originally thought to be a box jellyfish.
		Charniodiscus and Kimberella from Nihon Hoso Kyokai (NHK) Miracle Planet series based on the “Earth Evolution Encyclopedia" TV series from Japan.
	www.dinosaurcollector.150m.com /edicara.htm (535 words)

	Palaeos Proterozoic : Neoproterozoic: Ediacaran : Ediacaran Period - 1
		Reconstructed as a jellyfish, it was later assigned to the cubozoans ('box jellies'), and has been cited as a clear instance of an extant animal lineage present before the Cambrian.
		Kimberella from the Winter Coast of the White Sea, Russia.
		These authors note the presence of certain "adjacent parallel lines [which] are trace fossils associated with Kimberella, and are believed to represent infilled feeding scratches through a microbial mat.
	www.palaeos.com /Proterozoic/Neoproterozoic/Ediacaran/Ediacaran.htm (2798 words)

	SNOWBALL EARTH
		The last common protostome (LCP) branched into the ecdysozoa (animals that moult their exoskeletons, including arthropods and priapulids) and the lophotrochozoa (bivalves, annelids, platyhelminthes, etc.).
		Peterson's molecular-clock analysis places the LCP at roughly 550 Ma, which is not too far off the age of the oldest fossil lophotrochozoan, the 555-Ma stem-group mollusc Kimberella from Arctic Russia, described by Mikhail Fedonkin of the Paleontological Institute in Moscow (Russia).
		Evidence for locomotion on the sea-floor by the use of appendages is not seen in the trace-fossil record until the base of the Cambrian at 542 Ma, and the canonical Cambrian "explosion" of bilaterian skeletal diversity was delayed until 526-520 Ma (Tommotian and Atdabanian Stages of the Early Cambrian).
	www.snowballearth.org /kick-start.html (663 words)

	News in Science - Hot debate over earliest vertebrate claim - 10/11/2003
		Next year it will be formally recognised by the scientific community as the name for the period covering 600 to 540 million years ago - the latest division of the Precambrian period.
		Neville Pledge, of the South Australian Museum which was involved in the find, stood by the claim that the fossil was the earliest vertebrate: "It has bilateral symmetry, a distinct head, a dorsal fin and segmentation that looks like bundles typical of a chordate," he told ABC Science Online.
		He also said that Charnia was huge by comparison to the new fossil and that some press reports which had incorrectly cited the latter's size by a factor of 10 had not helped such comparisons.
	www.abc.net.au /science/news/stories/s984724.htm (866 words)

	Vendian Period
		The Nama Group is a thick (> 3 km) shallow marine and fluvial foreland basin succession, partitioned into northern and southern sub-basins by an intervening arch, across which most stratigraphic units thin, located in southern Namibia.
		If Kimberella is indeed a mollusc, as suggested by Fedonkin and Waggoner 1997, or the Ediacara/Zimnie Gory traces are correctly interpreted as radula scratches, we have evidence for derived protostomes at 555 Ma.
		Fedonkin, M.A.; Waggoner, B. The Late Precambrian Fossil Kimberella is a Mollusc-Like Bilaterian Organism.
	www.peripatus.gen.nz /Paleontology/Vendian.html (4428 words)

	Eternal Physical Life - Creation 1:2
		The reclassification of the 550-million-year-old Kimberella suggests that modern life forms may have gotten started earlier than previously suspected.
		Those early researchers thought that Kimberella was a box-shaped jellyfish.
		Kimberella is an oval-shaped creature with a ring of ruffly material, encased in a soft, mollusklike shell.
	home.kc.rr.com /hightech/evolution/evolution109.html (7982 words)

	Anatomical Information Content in the Ediacaran Fossils and Their Possible Zoological Affinities -- Dzik 43 (1): 114 -- ...
		Structure of the microbial mat and pyritic cementation of the sandstone sole in the Kimberella horizon at Zimnie Gory.
		Rupture of the microbial mat crossing an external mold of "Dickinsonia" lissa from the Kimberella horizon at Zimnie Gory (plaster cast).
		Note ornamentation of the "quilt" crossing the surface of the stretch mark—the quilt was thus intact and formed a kind of bag for the liquidized sand.
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/43/1/114 (5685 words)

	proterozoic and earliest Cambrian trace fossil record; patterns, problems and perspectives1, The Integrative and ...
		The body fossil Kimberella has recently been re-interpreted as a mollusc-like animal (Fedonkin and Waggoner, 1997).
		There has even been reports of Kimberella found in association with structures interpreted as radular scratch marks (Seilacher, 1997; Fedonkin, 2001).
		There have been no detailed documentation of the nature of this interesting association and the purported radular marks, but halkierids or proto-halkierids make one attractive search pattern for the producer of Archaeonassa-type trace fossils.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4054/is_200302/ai_n9184877/pg_8 (379 words)

	Cambrian Explosion
		However, "[t]he presence of true, though soft-bodied, triploblasts is now documented by worm burrows, by radular markings and body impressions of early mollusks, and by phosphatised embryos, of Vendian age" (Seilacher et al.
		Some, such as Kimberella and Parvancorina, can even be tentatively assigned to extant phyla.
		If Kimberella is indeed a mollusc, as suggested by Fedonkin and Waggoner 1997, or certain trace fossils recorded from the Ediacara Hills and Zimnie Gory are correctly interpreted as radula scratches, we have evidence for derived protostomes at 555 Ma.
	www.peripatus.gen.nz /Paleontology/CamExp.html (3079 words)

	Muton: Odontogriphus omalus and Kimberella (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In my previous post on Odontogriphus omalus I mentioned that Kimberella is considered to be it's early molluscan relative.
		Since I have found a nice picture of feeding traces called Radulichnus probably produced by Kimberella that indicate that it had a radula and rasped away at microbial mats during the Ediacaran:
		This links Kimberella very clearly to Odontogriphus and to later molluscs.
	muton.blogspot.com /2006/07/odontogriphus-omalus-and-kimberella.html (128 words)

	trace fossils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Paleontologists believed that only an animal with a gut and contractile tissue could have made these traces.
		Dickinsonia and Kimberella, whose body fossils have been found in Russia, are now seen as likely candidates for some of these traces.
		The complex traces are the first evidence that something very new had evolved.
	hoopermuseum.earthsci.carleton.ca /camex/1gcave.html (101 words)

	Partybus101 - MI
		Children get their own, expertly supervised, fun domain at your next function - and what to do with all the kids is solved!
		Kimberella Parties - If you live in MI.
		From invitations to party favors, our all-inclusive parties are the stuff children's dreams are made of.
	www.partybus101.com /MI.htm (104 words)

	Jere Lipps: Radiation of the First Animals: 2 of 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		We don't know what it is yet because it hasn't been very well studied but it's been described roughly.
		Kimberella made it onto the cover of Earth magazine.
		This is how I found out that there are 100,000 people that read it.
	www.accessexcellence.org /BF/bf02/lipps/bf02c2.html (1219 words)

	Worm-like creatures lived at least 555 million years ago - MIT News Office
		The ability of an animal to move through sediment on the sea floor implies a certain level of architectural complexity, such as the existence of a rigid body and gut.
		In addition, the White Sea also contains one particular fossil known as Kimberella that is found only there and in Australia.
		Paleontologists believe it may be an early mollusc-like organism.
	web.mit.edu /newsoffice/2000/worms-0510.html (576 words)

	Vendian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mawsonites scroll down to find it, or do a text search on the page.
		Kimberella Click on the images to see enlargements.
		(The right two fossils at the top of the Vendian Animals page are also Kimberella).
	www.es-designs.com /geol105/timescale/vendian.html (37 words)

	Muton
		P.Z. has a nice write up at Pharyngula but I want to discuss the relationship between Odontogriphus and earlier Ediacaran fossils.
		It is mentioned in the article that Kimberella may be an ancestor of Odontogriphus but it seems that many of the bilaterian fossils of the Ediacaran have greater similarities particularly Dickinsonia type organisms (2).
		If that is the case Spriggina, Yorgia and Chondroplon may also have similarities to Odontogriphus although they are probabaly more distant relative than Dickinsonia.
	muton.blogspot.com (3713 words)

	Chapter 10, part 1, Lecture Notes, Life of the Paleozoic, Levin: The Earth Through Time - Wiley
		Forms with a coelom or body cavity such as Kimberella, resembling molluscs
		Kimberella, an advanced metazoan in the Precambrian Ediacaran fauna.
		This is the first known organism to have a coelom or body cavity.
	www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100 /legacy/college/levin/0470000201/chap_tutorial/ch10/chapter10-paleolife1.html (398 words)

	Ediacaran Animals
		The immediate reaction among American Web pundits is that the new fossil is probably Kimberella, a bilaterian that may well be an early lophotrochozoan, not related to deuterostomes at all.
		Until he does, I'd guess also that it is a Kimberella.
		Here is Kimberella Article from Science News 1997 about a new reconstruction of Kimberella
	www-geology.ucdavis.edu /~cowen/HistoryofLife/ediacarans.html (683 words)

	Vendazoa - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Some are exceptionally frustrating due to a superficial resemblance to other, later organisms, particularly the frond-like forms, such as Pteridinium and Charnia vaguely resembling sea pens, but, without identifiable polyps.
		A few fossils, though, have been somewhat easier to interpret, such as Kimberella being identified as a primitive, if not ancestral, mollusk, or Parvancorina and Spriggina being identified as being proto-arthropods.
		You can help the EvoWiki by expanding it into a full article.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Vendazoa (148 words)

	Karen's Komments December 2003
		There is the suggestion of a head and striated muscles.
		Some think that it looks a lot like the known fossil Kimberella.
		The fossil was found 10 years ago but its age has only recently been determined.
	www.esconi.org /Karens_Komments_Dec_2003.htm (1073 words)

	Cruise Critic Message Boards - View Profile: kimberella
		Cruise Critic Message Boards - View Profile: kimberella
		kimberella is not a member of any public groups
		You may, however, download a single copy only for your personal use.
	boards.cruisecritic.com /member.php?u=126111 (53 words)

	Tea Parties, Tea Party, Tea, Michigan, Event, Rochester Hills, West Bloomfield, Birmingham, Birthday, Girl, Children, ...
		It was a delight (as a mother), to take pleasure in the party without apprehension.
		We will definitely have to plan another style of celebration for my oldest daughter because nothing will ever top a Kimberella Party!
		I wanted to write and thank you for the WONDERFUL job you did at Lauren's Party.
	www.kimberellaparties.com (626 words)

	Kimberella Parties - Michigan Find
		Browse By City A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
		Home : Localities : W : West Bloomfield : Kimberella Parties
		Glamour parties for girls, make-up, photos, karaoke runway show, party bags for all and cake included.
	www.michiganfind.com /Localities/W/West_Bloomfield/Kimberella_Parties_L11710 (115 words)

	For Kimberella [Archive] - HealthBoards
		HealthBoards > Health Issues > Pain Management > For Kimberella
		Sorry if I seem impatient here or anything, it's just that I know I took awhile to reply back to YOUR reply on MY last post, and so what I had to say, I didn't want it to get lost in the shuffle of everything else around here.
		Do not copy or redistribute in any form!
	www.healthboards.com /boards/archive/index.php/t-80516.html (1822 words)

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