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Topic: Kinetophone

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	Kinetoscope - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kinetophone was an early attempt by Edision to unite picture and sound in the late 1800s.
		In 1913, Edison introduced a new kinetophone designed to synchronize the sound with a motion picture projected onto a screen.
		The result was audience dissatisfaction and the kinetophone never became popular.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kinetophone (582 words)

	The Phonograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1895 he sold a few Kinetoscopes with sound attachments, which played a record that was not synchronized through ear-tubes during the film.
		These devices were called Kinetophones and that name was used again in 1913 to describe the projectors used to show Edison's "Talking Pictures".
		An acoustical concert cylinder phonograph on stage was connected by a drive shaft to the projectors or "Kinetophones" at the back of the room.
	www.birdnest.org /griffina4/edison2.html (161 words)

	Kinetophone Summary - Kinetophone Information
		Although there were insurmountable problems involved in synchronizing sight and sound in the Kinetophone, as the hybrid was called, it set an important precedent for sound motion-picture viewers.
		Higham increased the Kinetophone's volume by using a special valve to improve the performance of the diaphragm that amplified the sound vibrations made by the needle on the phonograph cylinder.
		When the sound got out of synchronization with the actors' gestures or facial expressions, an operator in a projection room used a long fishing line to adjust the speed of the phonograph, which was hidden behind the viewing screen.
	www.bookrags.com /sciences/sciencehistory/kinetophone-woi.html (488 words)

	Edison:The Marriage of Sight and Sound: Early Edison Experiments with Film and Sound (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The picture and sound were made somewhat synchronous by connecting the two with a belt.
		In 1913, a different version of the Kinetophone was introduced to the public.
		First, union rules stipulated that local union projectionists had to operate the Kinetophones, even though they hadn't been trained properly in its use.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/edhtml/edmrrg.html (387 words)

	The Speed of Sound
		In essence, the Kinetophone was Edison's phonograph hooked up to a projector by means of a silk cord or belt.
		The films for this second incarnation of the Kinetophone ran about five minutes and fifty-five seconds because that was the length of time it took to photograph 400 feet of film.
		Kinetophone studios were established in Vienna and St. Petersburg, and among those who appeared in the films were Andrew Carnegie, Thomas Watson, and New York's Mayor Gaynor.
	www.businessweek.com /chapter/eyman.htm (4407 words)

	Thomas Edison - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		However, a United States court of appeals ruled on March 10, 1902 that Edison did not invent the movie camera and thus could not exercise monopoly power over its use (see Edison v.
		In 1894, Edison experiments with synchronizing audio with film; the Kinetophone was invented which loosely synchronizes a Kinetoscope image with a cylinder phonograph.
		In April of 1896, Edison and Thomas Armat's Vitascope were used to project motion pictures in public screenings in New York City.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Thomas_Edison (2308 words)

	MMD Archives: Edison Kinetophone With 5" Cylinder Phonograph
		The Edison Kinetophone system used the 5" cylinder somewhat synchronized to the projector in the booth for an early attempt to create talking pictures.
		At first a person was stationed at the phonograph to try to keep it in sync with the picture.
		In recent years, several of the Edison Kinetophone films and accompanying cylinder records have been discovered and laboriously synchronized and the result put on video.
	mmd.foxtail.com /Archives/Digests/200002/2000.02.28.03.html (326 words)

	Dickson Experimental Sound Film - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In front of him, two men are dancing to the music.
		The movie was designed to be displayed on a kinetophone, an early Edison wax cylinder phonograph.
		The kinetophone never became popular and the movie went unnoticed at the time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dickson_Experimental_Sound_Film (114 words)

	U B U W E B :: Sound Waves
		I hope you are satisfied with the Kineto-Phonograph." Only one Kinetophone film survives from this era, showing Dickson playing a violin for two dancing men as he stands next to a huge recording horn.
		From the descriptions that remain, it would seem that all Kinetophone films from this early period depict the sound-recording equipment itself as well as the sound source.
		The Kinetophone was available in the 1890s, but its heyday was 1913-14, when the technology had been further perfected.
	www.ubu.com /papers/fischer.html (4360 words)

	Edison: The Invention of the Movies
		This short film is the world's first known experiment in producing a motion picture with a recorded synchronized sound track.
		Although the kinetophone combined recorded sound with moving pictures, even approximate synchronization was elusive.
		Often hand-tinted, this short film was typically used by exhibitors to conclude their programs.
	www.kino.com /edison/video.html (189 words)

	MMD Archives: Edison Kinetophone & 5" Cylinder Phonograph
		Edison Kinetophone With 5" Cylinder Phonograph (Jim Crank) Jim Crank is mistaken about the Concert 5" cylinder being used for the first talking picture.
		As for the only example of a Projecting Kinetophone being in the Eastman collection, there are some in private collections.
		One is in Los Angeles, one is in New Jersey, and one came out of the Sebastiani Theater in Sonoma, after sitting back stage for the last 80 years.
	mmd.foxtail.com /Archives/Digests/200003/2000.03.01.04.html (650 words)

	IEEEVM: Edison and the Movies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Kinetophone coupled the Edison projector with his phonograph.
		The phonograph was hidden behind the screen and was kept synchronized to the projector by a long string-and-pulley system that ran all the way from the screen to the projector booth.
		One of his new Kinetophone films was exhibited for several months at Keith’s Colonial Theater in New York in February, 1913.
	www.ieee-virtual-museum.org /collection/event.php?id=3456936&lid=1 (615 words)

	The Dead media Project:Working Notes:03.8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The process was known as either Kinetophone or the Kinetophonograph.
		Searching various archives, Shifrin found 48 existing Kinetophone cylinders and seven existing Kinetophone films, six of which match sound cylinders.
		He would also very much like to continue to pursue the "Kinetophone Project," improving the transfer of both sound and image with modern digital techniques and searching for more old sound movies.
	www.deadmedia.org /notes/3/038.html (367 words)

	Dickson Experimental Sound Film 1895
		It was very moving, when the sound finally fell into synch: the scratchiness of the image and the sound dissolved away and you felt the immediate presence of these young men playing around with a fast-emerging technology.
		As far as we can tell from Dickson's writing and the circumstantial evidence about the Kinetophone machines that were manufactured, there was not what we today would call sync.
		The sound and picture did move at the same time, but whether there was actual mechanical linkage at the time of recording or reproducing is a question yet to be resolved.
	www.filmsound.org /murch/dickson.htm (404 words)

	The First Fifty Years of American Cinema
		Thomas Edison's Kinetophone, pictured here in 1913, attempted to synchronize sound with film.
		The synchronization was achieved by connecting the projector with the phonograph with a pulley system.
		Although Edison produced 19 talking pictures in 1913, the kinetophone system proved to difficult to operate precisely and didn't catch on.
	www.fathom.com /course/21701779/session5.html (1389 words)

	Sound Speed: Early Cinema Sound (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		It is dated at 1894, with some evidence of earlier similar attempts, although no footage or recordings have come to light.
		Within a year, Edison was marketing the kinetophone; essentially a peep-show kinetoscope with a phonograph inside it!
		Devices such as the kinetophone and vitaphone, which employed a gramaphone type disc driven by belts geared up to a projector, were expensive and inreliable (suffering from atmospheric humidity, rotten drives, even rats eating the leather!) If the film broke, as it regularly did, you would never be able to fix the sync!
	www.coelacanth.homechoice.co.uk /soundspeed/earlycinema.html (1025 words)

	Rare Recordings
		Kinetophone was Edison's attempt to introduce sound to motion pictures.
		Art Schifrin presented an excellent report to the SMPTE journal (July 1983, pp739-751) on the history of Kinetophone, and the reader is referred to this publication for more details.
		These few cylinders, from the Edison National Historic Site give us a glimpse of what Kinetophone sound was like.
	cylindersontheweb.angelcities.com /rare_recordings.htm (1733 words)

	Edison Kinetophone Company (Early sound for motion pictures) - New Jersey 1913
		The Edison Kinetophone Company was a short-lived company established in 1913 to exhibit Edison's kinetophone for talkie movies in the United States and Canada.
		Union rules stipulated that local union projectionists had to operate the Kinetophones, even though they hadn't been trained properly in its use.
		If you are publishing a book for educational purposes or with the press, please contact us directly at 703-787-3552 for use of our content.
	www.scripophily.net /scripophily/edkiconewje1.html (421 words)

	The Christian Science Monitor \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1872, 23 years before Thomas Edison's Kinetophone, Eadweard Muybridge (Edward MY-bridj) settled a bet in England.
		Hollywood gives credit to Edison for the Kinetophone (1891) as the first device for showing motion pictures.
		Brothers Louis and Auguste Lumière saw a Kinetophone demonstration in Paris in 1894.
	www.csmonitor.com /durable/1999/02/16/p22s1.htm (1320 words)

	Location Text and List of Documents - The Edison Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Included are items pertaining to the experimental work contracted to Daniel Higham for a combined phonograph-projector.
		Other documents relate to Edison's concern about an appropriate name for Higham's "talking picture machine" (eventually called the "kinetophone") and to the evaluation of improvements submitted by outsiders.
		Among the correspondents are Frank L. Dyer, vice president of the Edison Manufacturing Co.; George F. Scull, assistant to the vice president; and employee Isaac W. Walker.
	edison.rutgers.edu /NamesSearch/glocpage.php3?gloc=D0937& (143 words)

	Edison:Timeline for Inventing Entertainment:The Motion Pictures and Sound Recordings of the Edison Companies
		Edison and Dickson experiment to synchronize sound with film; the Kinetophone is invented which loosely synchronizes a Kinetoscope image with a cylinder phonograph.
		Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat demonstrate their Phantoscope, a motion picture projector, in Atlanta, Georgia, in late September to early October.
		Kinetophone is introduced, which attempts to synchronize motion pictures with a phonograph cylinder record.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/edhtml/edtime.html (1353 words)

	Thomas Edison - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This device was installed in penny arcades, where people could watch short, simple films.
		In 1894, Edison experimented with synchronizing audio with film; the Kinetophone loosely synchronized a Kinetoscope image with a cylinder phonograph.
		This was especially important to Thomas Edison because he had been searching for a way to entertain customers that were listening to music on his phonograph.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Edison (3069 words)

	Story South Florida - Create Magazine
		Their early courtship traces back to the late 1800s when Thomas Edison invented sound recording and the first moving picture projector.
		Edison's Kinetoscope was soon paired with a belt-driven audio playback device aptly named the Kinetophone.
		The Kinetophone's first attempt to synchronize image and audio was introduced in a 1885 film called "The Dickson Experimental Sound Film." There were so many technical problems with film breaks and poorly trained operators that the Kinetophone never caught on.
	www.createmagazine.com /story.cfm?ID=miami1&IssueName=miami (172 words)

	Sound Stage - The History of Motion Picture Sound
		Edison and dozens of other prominent innovators in the motion picture field tried, without substantial results, to marry sound and picture.
		Without the aid of electrical amplification, sound motion pictures were limited to short loops viewed, and heard, by a single person in a Nickelodeon type of device called a Kinetophone which Edison developed from 1889 through 1893.
		The sound was recorded on an Edison cylinder and "loosely" synchronized with the picture.
	www.widescreenmuseum.com /sound/sound03.htm (886 words)

	Guy Garrick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		you perhaps have already guessed, the latest product of this genius of sound and sight, the kinetophone, the machine that combines moving pictures with the talking machine."
		He was the skilled operator of the kinetophone, whom Garrick had hired.
		In a few terse sentences he explained that back of a curtain which he pulled down before us was a phonograph with a megaphone, that from his booth behind us he operated the picture films, and that the two were absolutely synchronized.
	www.manybooks.net /pages/reeveartetext04gygrr10/179.html (313 words)

	1894 in film
		April 14 - The first commercial presentation of the Kinetoscope took place in the Holland Brothers' Kinetoscope Parlor at 1155 Broadway, New York City.
		Thomas Edison experiments with synchronizing audio with film; the Kinetophone[?] is invented which loosely synchronizes a Kinetoscope image with a cylinder phonograph.
		Kinetoscope viewing parlors begin to open in major cities.
	www.fastload.org /18/1894_in_film.html (176 words)

	A Century of Sound \| Academy Events Calendar \| AMPAS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Informative and highly entertaining for professional and general audiences alike, the lecture will be punctuated with rare still photographs and dozens of fascinating film extracts.
		Among these are rare examples of turn-of-the-last-century pioneering developments such as the Gaumont Chronophone, Edison's Kinetophone, Kellum Talking Pictures and the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system introduced in the 1920s with its famous "All-talking, All-singing, All-dancing" productions.
		Rival American sound-on-film processes such as DeForest Phonofilm, Fox Movietone and RCA Photophone also will be discussed and demonstrated along with the many advances made in optical soundtracks in the 1930s and 1940s.
	www.oscars.org /events/century_sound (192 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Kinetophonograph was developed by W. Dickson at Edison's West Orange, New Jersey laboratory in the 1890's to combine sound with moving pictures.
		A later movie-sound device was marketed by Edison as the kinetophone but like the kinetophonograph, the kinetophone was a technology not really ready for movie theatres.
		When audiences saw the movie "Jazz Singer" in 1927, the Vitascope was essentially using the same system as the Kinetophone, combining a phonograph record and film.
	www.phonographia.com /kineto1.htm (764 words)

	Film History Before 1920
		Dickson must be credited with most of the creative and innovative developments - Edison only provided the research program and his laboratories for the revolutionary work.
		They first developed the Kinetophonograph (or Kinetophone), a precursor of the 1891 Kinetoscope (see below), that synchronized film projection with sound from a phonograph record.
		The projector was connected to the phonograph with a pulley system, but it didn't work very well and was difficult to synchronize.
	www.filmsite.org /pre20sintro.html (3645 words)

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