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Nikola I of Montenegro

	Nicholas I of Montenegro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		King Nikola I Petrović Njegoš Краљ Никола I Петровић Његош (October 7, 1841- March 2, 1921) was the only king of Montenegro, reigning as a king from 1910 to 1918 and as a prince from 1860 to 1910.
		However, the independence of Montenegro was recognised by all other countries at the Congress of Berlin in 1878 and in the succeeding decades Montenegro enjoyed considerable prosperity and stability.
		Another of Nikola and Milena’s children was Queen Elena of Italy, wife of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Montenegro (316 words)

	AllRefer.com - Nicholas I, king of Montenegro (Yugoslavian History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Nicholas I 1841–1921, prince (1860–1910) and king (1910–18) of Montenegro, successor of his uncle, Danilo II.
		Montenegro was recognized as fully independent, and, in 1910, Nicholas proclaimed himself king.
		In exile, he resisted the proposed union of Montenegro with Serbia under a Serbian king and as a result was deposed (1918) by a national assembly, which proclaimed the union.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/N/Nichls1-Mont.html (350 words)

	Eur_Mon_Bib
		Francis Joseph I King of Hungary, of Bohemia, of Croatia, of Dalmatia and the Emperor of Austria
		Nicholas II King of Poland and the Emperor of all the Russias
		Crown of Thorns: The Reign of King Boris III of Bulgaria, 1918-1943.
	www.tboyle.net /Royalty/Eur_Mon_Bib.html (453 words)

	Search Results for "Montenegro"
		Montenegro With a population of approximately 120,000 people, Montenegro was divided into 36 tribes living in 240 villages.
		The remaining republics of Serbia and Montenegro declared a new "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" (FRY) in 1992 and, under...
		...Nicholas I, king of Montenegro, 1841-1921, prince (1860-1910) and king (1910-18) of Montenegro, successor of his uncle, Danilo II.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Montenegro (289 words)

	Encyclopedia: Nicholas I of Montenegro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Freedom of the press (or press freedom) is the guarantee by a government of free public speech often through a state constitution for its citizens, and associations of individuals extended to members of news gathering organizations, and their published reporting.
		Grand Duke Nicholas Nicholaevich (1856 - 1929) was a Russian general in World War I. A grandson of the Tsar Nicholas I, he was commander in chief of the Russian armies on the main front in the first year of the war, and was later a successful commander in the Caucasus.
		Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (11 November, 1869 â€“ 28 December, 1947), was the King of Italy (29 July, 1900 â€“ 9 May, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nicholas-I-of-Montenegro (1246 words)

	The Yugoslavian growth and decline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		King Milan started a war with rival Bulgaria (which had claimed som Serbian lands in the failed San Stephano treaty, and aspired lands in which Serbia would also liked to expand, especially Macedonia, parts of which were also wanted by Greece).
		In 1910 Prince Nicholas of Montenegro, King Peter's father in law, elevated himself to King Nicholas I of Montenegro.
		King Alexander was however murdered in 1934 on a state visit to France (a supporter of the Small Entente) by Croatian separatists.
	home.zonnet.nl /gerardvonhebel/yugogrowthanddecline.htm (1422 words)

	TIME Europe \| TIME Trail: Montenegro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Montenegro itself was promoted from a mere administrative region to full-fledged republic in the new Yugoslav federation.
		Montenegro proved loyal to the federation, even after Tito's death in 1980 (TIME, May 19, 1980) and the radical political shake-ups a decade later.
		While Montenegro largely escaped NATO bombing during the conflict, Milosevic's broken promise and a steady stream of refugees tested loyalties in the republic, eroding his still significant base of support.
	www.time.com /time/europe/timetrails/montenegro (922 words)

	Montenegro Royal Family
		He became King of Montenegro on 28 August 1910, on the occasion of his Golden Jubilee, when the Kingdom of Montenegro was proclaimed and accorded International recognition as a Sovereign Kingdom.
		Montenegro was annexed to the new Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) on 13 November 1918 but was not recognised by King Nicholas I and he was forced into exile.
		Michael succeeded his uncle Danilo as King of Montenegro (under the Co-Regency of his Grandmother, Milena, the Dowager Queen Consort and his Prime Minister General Gvozdenovic).
	www.btinternet.com /~allan_raymond/Montenegro_Royal_Family.htm (355 words)

	[Projekat Rastko - Cetinje] King Nicholas of Montenegro and Essad Pasha of Albania: The Black Mountain Folk vs. the ...
		Nicholas has maintained his sovereignty over the Black Mountain country and fought for the Cross in the benighted Balkans for six decades, although from his fresh appearance and upstanding figure you would never suspect that he had passed the half-century mark.
		King Nicholas was not slow to see the force of this remark, and soon the decorations were safely housed again in the lacquer cabinet.
		King Nicholas has filed with the Secretary General of the Conference his protest against the situation in Montenegro for which he holds, with some justification, the Allied Powers responsible.
	www.rastko.org.yu /rastko-cg/povijest/sbonsal-versailles.html (9382 words)

	King Nicholas I of Montenegro - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about King Nicholas I of Montenegro
		Montenegrin independence was recognized in 1878, and in 1900 Nicholas took the title of ‘royal highness’.
		The Montenegrin Grand Assembly in April 1919 affirmed his dethronement and that of his dynasty, and proclaimed the union of Montenegro with the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, headed by Serbian Peter Karageorgevic (Peter I).
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /King+Nicholas+I+of+Montenegro (163 words)

	thePeerage.com - Person Page 11118
		Anastasiya Nikolaievna Petrovic-Njego, Princess of Montenegro was the daughter of Nicholas I Petrovic-Njego, King of Montenegro and Milena Vukotic.
		Nicholas I Petrovic-Njego, King of Montenegro was the son of Mirko Petrovic-Njego, Grand Duke of Grahovo and Anastasia Martinovich.
		Militza Nikolaievna Petrovic-Njego, Princess of Montenegro was the daughter of Nicholas I Petrovic-Njego, King of Montenegro and Milena Vukotic.
	www.thepeerage.com /p11118.htm (1122 words)

	Montenegro's History and Civilizations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Montenegro’s traditional culture revolved around clans, each headed by a ŽUPAN (Chieftain), groups of patrilineally related families that at one time maintained tribal identities on there own traditional territories.
		In 1910, the parliament proclaimed Montenegro a constitutional monarchy with Nicholas as King (Nicholas I).
		Montenegro and Serbia unified in 1918 marking one of the most interesting and most important issues of contemporary Montenegrin history.
	www.avatar-montenegro.com /montenegro_history.htm (726 words)

	RUSSIAN IMPERIAL SUCCESSION, by BRIEN HORAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nicholas II, who disliked confrontation, dreaded the tense personal interviews in which grand ducal relatives (such as his brother Michael and his uncle Paul[43]) pleaded for permission to marry morganatically and had to be refused.
		This document[58] is a letter dated 14 June 1911, sent on behalf of Nicholas II by Baron Vladimir Frederiks, Nicholas II’s Minister of the Imperial Court, to Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolayevich, who had presided at a meeting of grand dukes convened to advise the emperor on the question of permitting dynasts to contract unequal marriages.
		The remains of Emperor Nicholas II and his family were buried there in July 1998; in July 1918, their Bolshevik murderers had hidden the remains of the Emperor and his family in a secret, unmarked pit near Ekaterinburg, but they were unearthed by archaeologists in July 1991.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/gotha/russuclw.htm (15580 words)

	Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Victor Emmanuel III (Italian Vittorio Emanuele III November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed the Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1946) and King of Albania (1939 - 1946).
		The United Kingdom, among many others, refused to recognise Victor Emmanuel's 'new' title (as indeed did many to his claim to be King of Albania) with King George VI as King of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British government accrediting ambassadors to Victor Emmanuel as merely 'King of Italy'.
		The King himself suggested that his armed forces could not have defended Rome against the fascist march on the city, though then military leaders and surviving military records challenge His Majesty's claim.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/v/vi/victor_emmanuel_iii_of_italy.html (986 words)

	Montenet - History of Montenegro: Nicholas I Petrovic (1860-1918)
		Nicholas was sent to France in 1858 for an intensive education.
		When Nicholas was eight, Duke Mirko arranged his engagement to the doughtier (Milena) of an influential member of the Senate, Petar Vukotic from Cevo (Katunska nahija).
		According to the treaty the territory of Montenegro was to be enlarged from 4.405 km2 to 15.355 km2 (Jovanovic, ibid, p.320).
	www.montenet.org /history/nikola.htm (2459 words)

	Nicholas I of Montenegro - Encyclopedia, History and Biography
		Nicholas I of Montenegro - Encyclopedia, History and Biography
		King Nikola I Petrovic Njegos Краљ Никола I Петровић Његош (October 7, 1841- March 2, 1921) was the only king of Montenegro, reigning as a king from 1910 to 1918 and as a prince from 1860 to 1910.
		After the First World War Montenegro was forced to unite with the Kingdom of Serbia, as well as with other south Slav lands, to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Nikola_Petrovic_Njegos (342 words)

	Projekat Rastko Cetinje - Petar Vlahovic: The Serbian Origin of the Montenegrins
		For example, the Charter of King Milutin (14th century) to the Monastery of St. Nicholas on Vranjina bears witness to the fact that the term Serb was solely used in its ethnic sense.
		In the early stage of its existence, Montenegro introduced and adopted the coat of arms as the identification of the state and the continuity of the Serbian Nemanyich and Kosovo tradition (the Balsic, Crnojevic, Petrovic families).
		At the time of King Nicholas I (1860-1918), all of the senior clerks had their coats of arms to distinguish themselves: senators, brigadiers, commanders, captains (military and clan), lieutenants, second lieutenants, sergeants, bodyguards, staff members, flag bearers.
	www.rastko.org.yu /rastko-cg/povijest/vlahovic.html (3812 words)

	VICTOR EMMANUEL III OF ITALY FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (11_November_, 1869 – 28_December_, 1947), was the King of Italy (29_July_, 1900 – 9_May_, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943).
		(In contrast in his role as King of Ireland, and on the advice of the Irish Government, King George accredited Irish Ambassadors to Victor Emmanuel as both king of Italy ''and'' Emperor of Ethiopia.) King Victor Emmanuel III renounced his titles of Emperor of Ethiopia and King of Albania in 1943.
		The King himself suggested that his armed forces could not have defended Rome against the fascist march on the city, though then military leaders and surviving military records challenge his claim.
	www.livingflowers.com /ro:Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy (1109 words)

	Nikolai Romanov
		Prince Roman, born in 1896, became of age in 1916, and having graduated from the 'Nicholas' Engineering Academy of Kiev, was appointed to serve on the Turkish front, at Trebizonde, in a Caucasian Sappers Regiment with the rank of Second Lieutenant.
		After the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II, he resided in his father's estate of Dulber in Crimea, risked execution, and left Russia in April 1919 on the British battleship HMS Marlborough.
		Princess Militsa, born in 1866 in Montenegro, studied in Russia in the Smolny Institute, where she acquired a vast education, spoke five languages, knew Persian, and was deeply versed in the history of Orthodoxy.
	www.nikolairomanov.com /presentation (2859 words)

	LITERATURE IN MONTENEGRO presente by MonteNet
		Since the fall of the Crnojevics' state, until Vasilije Petrovic's 'History of Montenegro' (Moscow 1745) the literary activities in Montenegro were reduced to, mainly, rewriting of the old manuscripts and noting down chronological remarks.
		After the short pause (1851-1860) caused by the desperate defense of Montenegro from the Turkish attacks, the Montenegrin literary activities were revived, in early 1860s, by the very Prince Nicholas I (Nikola) Petrovic, who turned out to be very fruitful writer.
		Nicholas I had aspirations to be a literary patron for Montenegro, at least, and peculiarly enough, was favoring non-Montenegrin writers.
	www.montenet.org /culture/literatu.htm (1666 words)

	First World War.com - Vintage Photographs - Royalty
		King Ferdinand of Bulgaria with Austro-Hungarian Emperor Karl I
		King George V inspecting a portion of the BEF
		Admirals Beatty and Rodman, King George V and the Prince of Wales
	www.firstworldwar.com /photos/royalty.htm (429 words)

	Nikola I of Montenegro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		[[Image Link]] became sovereign prince of Montenegro on the assassination of his uncle Danilo II in 1860.
		Nikola gave Montenegro its first constitution in 1905, and also introduced west European style press freedom and criminal law codes.
		However, the wars in the succeeding decade (the First and Second Balkan Wars and the First World War) led to heavy Montenegrin casualties, and ultimately to the end (in 1918) of Montenegro as an independent country and its absorption into the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929).
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/nikola_i_of_montenegro (319 words)

	Montenet - History of Montenegro: Podgorica's Assembly 1918
		Unification of Montenegro and Serbia is the one of the most interesting and most important issues of contemporary Montenegrin history.
		During the WW1 the unification of Montenegro and Serbia was the primary task of supporters of Greater Serbia project, led by Serbian Prime Minister Nikola Pasic.
		Thus, ironically, Montenegro became the only Allied country in World War I to be annexed to another country after the end of the war even though it finished the war on the winning side.
	www.montenet.org /history/podgskup.htm (1013 words)

	Almanach de Gotha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Prince Dimitri Romanoff is the brother of Prince Nicholas Romanoff, Head of the Imperial House of Russia.
		Prince Dimitri was born at Cap d'Antibes on the Côte d'Azur in Southern France.
		Not only had his late Majesty King Nicholas I of Montenegro, his heirs, and Court removed to Southern France, but also a sizable chunk of the émigré Russian community.
	www.almanachdegotha.com /romanov_biog.htm (351 words)

	Nicholas I, king of Montenegro
		Nicholas I, 1841–1921, prince (1860–1910) and king (1910–18) of Montenegro, successor of his uncle,
		Danilo II In 1862, after a series of frontier incidents, Nicholas was forced into war with the Ottoman Empire.
		(1878) trebled the size of Montenegro; the final boundaries adopted at the Congress of Berlin reduced the Montenegrin gains but gave access to the Adriatic Sea.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0835587.html (232 words)

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