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	Kingdom Of Naples - LoveToKnow 1911
		KINGDOM OF NAPLES, the name conventionally given to the kingdom of Sicily on the Italian mainland (Sicily beyond the Pharos), to distinguish it from that of Sicily proper (Sicily on this side of the Pharos, i.e.
		The history of the kingdom of Naples is inextricably interwoven with that of Sicily, with which for long periods it was united as the kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
		Two years later he was elected king of the Romans at the diet of Nuremberg in opposition to Otto IV., and in 1220 he was crowned emperor in Rome by pope Honorius III., but continued to reside in Sicily.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Kingdom_Of_Naples (9016 words)

	TWO SICILIES, KINGDOM OF THE. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The name Two Sicilies was used in the Middle Ages to mean the kingdoms of Sicily and of Naples (see Sicily and Naples, kingdom of).
		Under his successors the kingdoms were again separate, but the title was revived during Spanish domination (1504–1713) of both kingdoms and after the accession (1759) of a cadet branch of the Spanish line of Bourbon to Naples and Sicily.
		Ferdinand IV of Naples (Ferdinand III of Sicily) officially merged the two kingdoms in 1816 and called himself Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/tw/TwoSicil.html (236 words)

	Two Sicilies
		The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was the new name that the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV of Naples gave to his domain (including Southern Italy and Sicily) after the end of the Napoleonic Era and the full restoration of his power in 1816.
		After the change in the name of the kingdom, Ferdinand became known as King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.
		The kingdom lasted until 1860, when king Francis II[?] was overthrown by an insurrection led by Garibaldi and sponsored by the kingdom of Sardinia, which absorbed the Bourbons' domains, forming the kingdom of Italy.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/tw/Two_Sicilies.html (133 words)

	Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (Italy)
		Naples and Sicily voted by plebiscite to join the north, and in 1861 the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed with Piedmontese Victor Emmanuel as its first king.
		In 1409 Sicily was reunited with Aragon, and Alfonso (1435-58) reunited it with Naples.
		It is nonetheless interesting that out of the two rival houses, only the Aragonese continued the arms of the Norman king of Sicily: a fl eagle on silver, which was quartered per saltire with the arms of Barcelona to create the arms of the Aragonese kingdom of Sicily.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/it~2s.html (1559 words)

	Italian Unification - MSN Encarta
		The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the region called Piedmont in northwestern Italy and the island of Sardinia.
		The Kingdom of the two Sicilies occupied the southern half of the peninsula and the island of Sicily.
		In 1820 the Carbonari spearheaded revolutions in the Kingdom of the two Sicilies and in the Kingdom of Sardinia.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761580632/Italian_Unification.html (1440 words)

	Two Sicilies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prince Carlo of Two Sicilies, Duke of Calabria (born 1963), married to Camilla Crociani
		Prince Antoine of the Two Sicilies (born 1929), married to Duchess Elizabeth of Wurttemberg
		Prince François of the Two Sicilies (born 1960), married to Countess Alexandra of Schönborn-Wiesentheid
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Two_Sicilies (1502 words)

	The Kingdom Of The Two Sicilies
		Historical facts dating from 1377, show that the two Sicilies had played an important role in the affairs of the peninsula, because of their close ties with some of the great powers outside of Italy.
		The two treaties, Utrecht in 1713 and Rastatt in 1714 acknowledged transplanting a branch of the House of Bourbons in Spain, allotting to the Austrian Hapsburgs-for balanced power reasons, the investiture of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Charles V. They direct ruled Milan, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia from around 1713-1734.
		Although the Kingdom of Italy, then headed by king Victor Emmanuel II, was formally proclaimed in Turin, on March 17th, 1861, it wasn't until 1870 that the Italian troops took Rome, thereby, declaring once and for all Italy's emancipation after more than two thousand two hundred years of persecution and domination by other countries.
	members.aol.com /jptotoro/KotoroE.htm (2274 words)

	Two Sicilies, Kingdom of, 1848-49 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Europe's first revolution in 1848 occurred in Sicily, a part of the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which was notorious for its arbitrary and repressive government and endemic unrest.
		Efforts on the part of the government of Ferdinand II (1830-59) to enact economic and agrarian reform had been thwarted by evasion of the law and corruption, and much of the drive for Sicilian autonomy was prompted to avoid outside meddling with the usurpation of the land by a minority.
		Sicily, however, did suffer from the economic exactions of Naples and an inefficient, corrupt, and brutal administration, and many Sicilians longed for the autonomy provided by the island's short-lived 1812 constitution.
	cscwww.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/rz/twosicil.htm (1872 words)

	The Succession Laws of the Two Sicilies
		In 1442 Alfonso V of Aragon (1394-1458), ruling Sicily, conquered Naples and on July 15, 1443 was recognized as king of Sicily by pope Eugenius IV: thus the two Sicilies were united again; it was under him that the expression "kingdom of Two Sicilies" (regnum utriusque Siciliae) first appeared.
		The duke of Savoy was crowned as king of Sicily on Dec. 24, 1713 in the cathedral of Palermo.
		Spain ceded Sardinia to Savoy in 1720 and Sicily to Austria.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/royalty/2sicilie.htm (6926 words)

	Two Sicilies, kingdom of the - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		TWO SICILIES, KINGDOM OF THE [Two Sicilies, kingdom of the] The name Two Sicilies was used in the Middle Ages to mean the kingdoms of Sicily and of Naples (see Sicily and Naples, kingdom of).
		Under his successors the kingdoms were again separate, but the title was revived during Spanish domination (1504-1713) of both kingdoms and after the accession (1759) of a cadet branch of the Spanish line of Bourbon to Naples and Sicily.
		Kingdom Of Italy Established: By John Webb Probyn
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-twosicil.html (444 words)

	The Avalon Project : Sicilian-American Diplomacy - Treaty with the Two Sicilies; December 1, 1845
		ARTICLE I. There shall be reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation between the United States of America and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
		It is hereby declared, that the stipulations of the present treaty are not to be understood as applying to the navigation and carrying trade between one port and another, situated in the states of either contracting party, such navigation and trade being reserved exclusively to national vessels.
		And in like, manner, the cottons of the United States of America, which may be imported directly in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, whether in vessels of the one or other nation, shall not pay higher or greater duties than the cottons of Egypt, Bengal, or those of the most favored nations.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/sicily/sic1845.htm (578 words)

	ITALY, GERMANY, THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, AND EASTERN EUROPE
		The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies: dominated by Austria.
		The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in the South.
		Two sessions of the Duma were dismissed by the Czar.
	www.hoocher.com /mr.j'spage/nationalism.htm (4859 words)

	The Sacred Military Constantinian Order of St George Delegation of Great Britain and Ireland
		The Bourbon dynasties of France, Spain, the Two Sicilies and Parma all descend from the House of Anjou, a branch of which ruled the Kingdom of Naples in the thirteenth century.
		In 1816, the Bourbon rule of the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily were amalgamated to form the new Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
		HRH Princess Beatrice of Bourbon Two Sicilies (born 1950), HRH Princess Anna of Bourbon Two Sicilies (born 1957) and HRH Prince Carlo of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Calabria and Heir Apparent (born 1963).
	www.constantinian.org.uk /rf-dinhist.htm (5482 words)

	Dynastic Traditions
		Until its annexation to the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was the wealthiest and most industrialized of the various Italian states.
		Headship of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies is transmitted by legitimate male primogeniture according to laws enacted prior to deposition of the last King of the Two Sicilies.
		Because the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was a sovereign state bound only by its own laws, the dynastic statutes and practices of other royal Bourbon dynasties (France, Spain, Parma) are not applicable to the House of the Two Sicilies; nor is Neapolitan dynastic law applicable to the dynastic practices of any other dynasty.
	www.maineworldnewsservice.com /caltrap/dynastic.htm (2153 words)

	Italian Titles of Nobility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In certain realms, such as the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, female succession had been permitted in cases where male heirs were lacking, and this policy was abrogated.
		The two orders of knighthood (Order of Malta and Constantinian Order of St. George of the Two Sicilies) that recognise ancestral nobility for certain knights employ their own nobiliary standards, which in a few respects differ from those employed in the Savoy dominions in recent centuries.
		In the Kingdom of Italy, titles of nobility did not accord their holders parliamentary seats or, indeed, any particularly noteworthy privileges save for some purely heraldic (armorial) ones, such as the legal use of a title and coat of arms and precedence at the Royal Court.
	www.regalis.com /nobletitles.htm (2851 words)

	HISTORY OF THE HOUSE OF BOURBON - TWO SICILIES - The Royal House of Bourbon - Two Sicilies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The latter was father of Roger II (d 1154), whose assumption of the title King of Sicily was recognized by the Pope as suzerain in 1130.
		The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was ruled by Viceroys appointed by Spain until 1713, and then Austria (following the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, although Sicily was ruled separately by the House of Savoy from 1713-18).
		Ferdinand IV King of Naples and III, King of Sicily, retained the title Infant of Spain, and from 8 Dec 1816 reigned as King Ferdinand I of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
	www.borbone-due-sicilie.org /english/history.html (733 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Naples
		The capital of a province in Campania, southern Italy, and formerly capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; it is situated on the northern side of the bay of Naples, on the Capodimonte, the Vomero, and the Posilipo hills, in one of the most enchanting spots upon the earth.
		The conquest of Sicily was accomplished by Roger, a brother of Robert, after a struggle of thirty years (1061-1091); the first city of the island that was taken from the Saracens was Messina; Girgenti and Syracuse were among the last (1086-1087); the Mussulmans, however, were given the freedom of the country.
		Having failed to drive the French from the Papal States in 1798, Ferdinand was compelled to withdraw to Sicily; the French invaded Naples, and in January, 1799, proclaimed the Parthenopian Republic.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10683a.htm (3421 words)

	Untitled Document
		The kingdom of the Two Sicilies comprises all the southern portion of the Italian peninsula from the southern boundary of the States of the Church, and likewise the splendid Island of Sicily.
		The kingdom, and these nine millions of people, are ruled by Francesco Secondo, a Bourbon, son of that king who was known throughout the civilized world by the nickname of Bomba, in consequence of his fondness for bombarding his own cities.
		In the peninsular portion of the kingdom there is but one town of any size - Naples; in Sicily two - Messina and Palermo - both monuments of the past rather than actors in the movement of the present day.
	members.aol.com /ralbrizio/1860/6_9_60-356.html (952 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Two Sicilies, 1849-1861
		The Kingdom of Two Sicilies, in the course of 1848-1849, had been able to suppress the revolution and the attempt of Sicilian secession with their own forces, hired Swiss guards included.
		As public sentiment for Italian unification was rather low in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, the country did not feature as an object of acquisition in the earlier plans of Piemont-Sardinia's prime minister Cavour.
		At Teano, Garibaldi met King Victor Emmanuel, transferring to him the conquered kingdom (Handshake of Teano); the Two Sicilies were annexed into the Kingdom of Italy.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/italy/nap18491861.html (502 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Virtual Tour
		Kingdom of Naples (Kingdom of the Two Sicilies)
		His right hand is raised in a gesture of blessing, while in the left he holds a Bible and two vessels containing blood.
		According to legend, the relics of St Januarius exuded blood that was given to the faithful a drop at a time and sent in vessels to all ends of the Italian peninsula.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/05/hm5_9_0_29_3.html (121 words)

	Pope Pius IX - Cum Nuper - On Care for Clerics - 20 January 1858
		Holy Scripture clearly teaches that these scourges of God are provoked by the sins of men; therefore we exhort that, in fulfilling your ministry, your primary concern may be to turn the faithful committed to your care aside from sin and wrong-doing and to lead them in the paths of virtue, justice, and religion.
		For this reason you should strive to obliterate the corruption and abuses which have made their inroads into the conduct of the Clergy; support instead a sound way of life for them in keeping with the discipline of the holy canons.
		We are confident that under his leadership, the Church in his kingdom will enjoy all liberty and exercise all its rights, as God and the sanctions of the sacred canons ordain.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0255j.htm (1608 words)

	Spain Cedes Sicily to Count of Savoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sicily found that she had become the property of a new player, Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy.
		Young Charles (who was later to rule Spain as King Charles III following the death of his father in 1746) carried out his assignment efficiently and in 1738 he was crowned King of a new and independent nation that he welded together, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
		Charles III's descendants remained on the throne of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in a continuous line--interrupted only temporarily by Napoleon's period of occupation and the republican uprisings of 1848--until their overthrow by Garibaldi on behalf of the Kingdom of Savoy in 1860.
	www.boglewood.com /sicily/utrecht.html (250 words)

	Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ferdinand II (Ferdinando Carlo, January 12, 1810 â“ May 22, 1859) was the King of the Two Sicilies (Southern Italy) from 1830 until his death.
		Ferdinand was born in Palermo, the son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his cousin MarÃa Isabel of Spain (daughter of Charles IV).
		His goal was to govern his kingdom in a way that would bring the greatest happiness to the greatest number of his subjects while respecting the rights of his fellow sovereigns and that of the Catholic Church.
	enc.qba73.com /link-Ferdinand_II_of_the_Two_Sicilies (971 words)

	Royal House of Bourbon Two Sicilies - Sacred Military Constantinian Order
		As everybody knows, in 1860 the Kingdom of Sardinia militarily occupied the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and annexed it to the just established Kingdom of Italy.
		The material assets of the Constantinian Order – as well as all other assets of the Bourbon family of the Two Sicilies – were confiscated by the new State.
		This decision was strengthened by two well-known judgements (11 July 1871) of the Supreme Court of Cassation stating that «
	www.realcasadiborbone.it /uk/ordcost/ord_si.htm (510 words)

	A Discussion by Prof. Kerr of the Original 1973 Analysis of the Disputed Bourbon-Two Sicilies Succession under the ...
		The current Grand Master is the son of the latter, H. Prince Ferdinand (IV) of the Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro, Chief of the Royal House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
		As the first two princes would be required to abdicate the Two Sicilies succession to the third, all of the subsequently born children of the first two princes would thus be excluded from the Two Sicilies succession before taking up the Spanish succession.
		Thus, Prince Carlo possessed valid claims under international law to the eventual succession to the Two Sicilies ('eventual' because he was a cadet son, not the eldest in direct line of succession) which this customary rule of international law would require to be renounced upon marrying into a foreign royal family.
	www.iaphs.org /dynastic-law/1973.html (7656 words)

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