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Topic: Kipchaks

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	Who Were The Kipchaks?
		Kipchaks may have been the first people to develop weapons of mass destruction, this feat having taken place in in the 14th century.
		The early Turkic tribes warred incessantly with each other and with the Mongols, with the result that the Kipchaks were gradually driven westward from China and Mongolia, through today's Kazakhstan, and into the region between the Volga and Don Rivers, in today's Russia and Ukraine, a migratory process that lasted for perhaps 500 years.
		I suppose the Kipchaks couldn't have foreseen how devastating this tactic would turn out to be, just as Hitler probably did not understand beforehand the magnitude of the monster he let loose.
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/apr/article212.html (652 words)

	Kipchaks information - Search.com
		Kipchaks (also spelled as Kypchaks, Qipchaqs, Qypchaqs) (Crimean Tatar: Qıpçaq, Karachay-Balkar: Къыпчакъ, Kazakh: Қыпшақ, Kumyk: Къыпчакъ, Nogai: Кыпчак) are an ancient Turkic people, first mentioned in the historical chronicles of Central Asia in the 1st millennium BC.
		The western Kipchaks are also known as Cumans (Kumans, Kuns) in western Europe, and Polovtsi (Polovtsians) in Russia and Ukraine.
		Kipchak is also the name of a Kazakh tribe within modern-day Kazakhstan.
	www.search.com /reference/Kipchaks (342 words)

	Kipchaks
		Kipchak on Altai subordinated to Khan Yukuk Yabgu
		Kipchaks are invaded and defeated on river Suten (Molochnaya) by Vladimir Monomakh and Svyatopolk Izyaslavich of Kiev.
		Kipchaks settled E. of Lower Ilek river left stone kurgans with rectangular burials facing East, with a hide or a mummy of harnessed and saddled horse.
	www.turkleronline.com /turkler/turk_turuk/koken_isim/datelines/kipchaks.htm (3182 words)

	Sakaliba are Kipchaks
		The word Kipchak etymologically ascends to Turkic ku-chak, which consists of two roots: ku (ku~kub~kuba) ‘red’, ‘pale’, ‘white – red’, ‘light’, and chak, meaning Sak~chak, the ancient name of Turks (instead of Iranian speaking tribes, as is wrongly asserted by some Indo-Europeists).
		In the Kipchak group were notable smaller peoples or tribes, as noted by Eastern geographers, the Kirghiz, Huns, Bulgar, Khazars etc. Per Ibn Fadlan, in the Middle Volga in the Sakaliba (Kipchak) group are listed Bulgars, Barandjars, Suars, Suases, Skils (Scyths ~Scyfs), Khazars.
		Kashgari, marking affinity of Bulgarian, Suvarian and Kipchak languages, writes, that “the sound d, present in the language of Chigils and other Turkic peoples, in the language of Kipchaks, Yamaks, Suvars, Bulgars and others peoples, who are spread to Romans and Russians, is replaced with a sound z”.
	www.turkleronline.com /turkler/turk_turuk/koken_isim/datelines/sakaliba_are_kipchaks.htm (5350 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Volga River
		Khazars were replaced by Kipchaks, Kimeks and Mongols.
		Kipchaks (also Kypchaks, Qipchaqs) are an ancient Turkic people, first mentioned in the historical chronicles of Central Asia in the 1st millennium BC.
		Kmek or Kimak was a nomadic tribe lived in modern Astrakhan Oblast of Russia in 9th-13th century.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Volga-River (3889 words)

	íõòáä áäöé. ïÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÊ ÓÁÊÔ. \| Books - THE KIPCHAKS.
		A few generations were to grow up on each new tract of land won from nature before next ones were strong and populous enough to move on.
		They had it the hard way, so it was natural for a spate of important inventions to be made during this period to help cope with hardship and inspire confidence in their slow trek across barren steppes.
		In the steppes the Kipchaks seemed to be doing the same, but not quite the same.
	www.adji.ru /book11_1.html (19243 words)

	Ancient Russia
		Within a few decades of Yaroslav's death (in 1054), Kievan Rus' was rife with internecine strife and had broken up into regional power centers.
		Internal divisions were made worse by the depradations of the invading Cumans (better known as the Kipchaks).
		It was during this time (in 1147 to be exact) that Yuri Dolgorukiy, one of the regional princes, held a feast at his hunting lodge atop a hill overlooking the confluence of the Moskva and Neglina Rivers.
	www.whererussia.com /about_Ancient.html (512 words)

	Rug Notes Index - U Oriental rugs and carpets by Barry O'Connell,Spongobongo.com
		Jochi the eldest son was given the land furthest from the hearth, but since he had died his heirs led by Berke took from the Caucasus north into Russia and they were known as the Golden Horde.
		The Golden Horde or Kipchaks were led by Batu and Berke.
		Their younger brother Shayban, who gained acclaim in the Mongolian invasion of Hungary" split off and established the Shaybanid Horde.
	www.spongobongo.com /rwu.htm (1190 words)

	Istanbul Guide, History, Information Page
		In the wake of the division of Rome in two, the city which became the capital of the eastern Rome and called as Constantinopolis was exposed to the assuaults of Huns, Avars and Goths.
		After the vain attacks of the Huns, Bulgarians, Goths,Avars, Slavs, Kipchaks, Cumans and Pecheneks from the 4th century until the 6th century A.D., the citywalls were built during the reign of the Emperor Anastasius.
		In the 6th century the Byzantines sent delegations to Turkistan in order to trade with the Gök Turk State founded in Turkistan and to research their cultural and scientific values.
	www.turkey-net.com /istanbul.html (652 words)

	Turkey Guide, History, Information Page
		Subsequently, Anatolia was dominated by the Roman Empire and upon Pax Romana went through a period of peace and prosperity.
		As of the 4th century A.D. Anatolia where the Byzantine Empire reigned was settled down by the Christianized Pecheneks, Cumans, Kipchaks, Gagauz coming Anatolia from over the Balkans and the Jew-converted Khazar Turkish clans.
		In 1071 the gates of Anatolia was for the first time opened to Seljuks, of the Moslem Turkish tribes and thus, Anatolia became Turkish.
	www.turkey-net.com (942 words)

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