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	Kirghiz - LoveToKnow 1911
		KIRGHIZ, a large and widespread division of the Turkish family, of which there are two main branches, the Kara-Kirghiz of the uplands and the Kirghiz-Kazaks of the steppe.
		But the Kirghiz have either remained nearly altogether unmixed, as in the uplands, or else have intermingled in the steppe mainly with the Volga Kalmucks in the west, and with the Dzungarian nomads in the east, all alike of Mongol stock.
		This term is commonly traced to a legendary chief, Kirghiz, sprung of Oghuz-Khan, ninth in descent from Japheth.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Kirghiz (2460 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kirghiz SSR
		Flag of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic This flag was adopted by the Kirghiz SSR on December 22, 1952.
		Kirghiz SSR (Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic) also known as Kirghizia was the name for Kyrgyzstan during its time as part of the USSR.
		The Anthem of the Kirghiz SSR was the national anthem of Kyrgyzstan when it was an union republic in the USSR, used from 1946 to 1992.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kirghiz-SSR (1854 words)

	Gravity's Rainbow - Thomas Pynchon
		"In the ancient tales it is told [...] that a land far distant/Is the place of the Kirghiz Light.
		He is no aqyn, and his heart was never ready.
		"It happened first with the Kirghiz Light, and his only illumination then was that fear would always keep him from going all the way in.
	www.hyperarts.com /pynchon/gravity/extra/kirghiz.html (411 words)

	Patterned Reed Screens of the Kirghiz
		Kirghiz traditional art is imbued with a prevailing spirit characterized by a subtle concern with ambiguity.
		Kirghiz felts of this type show the typical Kirghiz preference for reciprocal designs but they take on forms quite distinct from those generated by the mosaic technique.
		M.S. Andreev, Ornament gornykh tadzhikov verkhovev Amu Darri i kirgizov Pamira [Patterns of the Mountain Tajiks of the Upper Amu-Darya and the Pamir Kirghiz], (Tashkent: 1928).
	www.rugreview.com /121reed2.htm (2003 words)

	The Kirghiz and Wakhi of Afghanistan (M. Nazif Shahrani)
		The Kirghiz have adapted to the closing of the frontiers with China and Russia.
		And his conclusion sets the Kirghiz in the context of theories of nomadism and relations between nomads and states: their nomadism is part of a "defensive" political strategy.
		The obvious motivation for the reissue is the involvement of the United States in Afghanistan, and the foreword focuses on terrorism, the Taliban, and recent Afghan history.
	dannyreviews.com /h/Kirghiz_Wakhi.html (591 words)

	KIRGHIZ - Online Information article about KIRGHIZ
		But the Kirghiz have either remained nearly altogether unmixed, as in the uplands, or else have intermingled in the steppe mainly with the Volga Kalmucks in the west, and with the Dzungarian nomads in the See also:
		BALKASH, or BALKHASH (called by the Kirghiz Ak-denghiz or Ala-denghiz and by the Chinese Si-hai)
		Very various accounts have been given of the relationship of the Kipchak to the Kirghiz, but at present they seem to form a subdivision of the Kirghiz-Kazaks.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /KHA_KRI/KIRGHIZ.html (3349 words)

	Yol
		The resilient Kirghiz people who live in the high altitudes, who are born on their horses and die on their horses and who are not affected by the harsh climate...
		Kirghiz women who are far from religious pressure, are as active as Kirghiz men.
		The Kirghiz can't live without butter, milk, cream and koumiss which increases their resistance in high altitude.
	www.yolfilm.com.tr /english/1film3.htm (626 words)

	Afghanistan - Kirghiz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Kirghiz are a Sunni Mongoloid group speaking Kipchak Turkic dialects who were originally from Central Asia.
		About 3,000 lived in the Pamir mountains east of the Wakhan Corridor, one of the more inaccessible regions in the world where relatively flat valleys suitable for habitation lie at altitudes over 10,000 feet between ranges rising over 16,500 feet.
		The Kirghiz lived in yurts, tended large flocks of sheep and utilized yak which are found only in this area of Afghanistan.
	countrystudies.us /afghanistan/45.htm (100 words)

	[No title]
		The official representative of the Government of the Kirghiz Republic by consideration of the specified position by chambers Zhogorku Kenesha of the Kirghiz Republic.
		To the Ministry of Defence of the Kirghiz Republic the charges connected to manufacturing of a banner and a sign on symbolics of Armed forces of the Kirghiz Republic to make due to special means of the Ministry of Defence of the Kirghiz Republic.
		The banner of Armed forces of the Kirghiz Republic is a symbol of a military valour, valour and glory, serves as a reminder to each military man about heroic traditions and a sacred duty of protection of Fatherland.
	www.mil.kg /en/simbol (649 words)

	Kirghiz Rugs Guide
		Kirghiz is a language spoken by people called Kirghiz.
		It is a subject of some debate as to just how much pile weaving the Kirghiz actually produced but there are a number of pieces in the literature attributed to them.
		Kirghiz are very special to rug scholars because they have been very isolated from corrupting market influences.
	www.spongobongo.com /0her9889.htm (659 words)

	The Kirghiz and Wakhi of Afghanistan: Adaptation to Closed Frontiers and War
		The original book describes the cultural and ecological adaptation of the nomadic Kirghiz and their agriculturalist neighbors, the Wakhi, to high altitudes and a frigid climate in the Wakhan Corridor, a panhandle of Afghanistan that borders Pakistan, the former Soviet Union, and the People's Republic of China.
		The differing responses of the Kirghiz and Wakhi to the Marxist coup are discussed in the new Epilogue.
		The ethnographic documentation and analysis of the transformation of Kirghiz society, politics, economics, and demography since their exodus from the Pamirs offers valuable lessons to our understanding of the dynamics and true resilience of small pastoral nomadic communities.
	www.indiana.edu /~afghan/kirghiz_and_the_wakhi_of_afghanistan.htm (406 words)

	[No title]
		The Kirghiz, in private as well as in public, have expressed their approval of their new environment, which is entirely suitable for raising sheep, most of the grass around Altindere being of a variety with which they are familiar from the Pamirs.
		The Kirghiz tribes that remain in the Soviet Union East of Tashkurgan, Kashha and further to the Southeast (from where the HRK clan members originally hailed before the 1920s) speak the same dialect, according to HRK tribal informants.
		The Kirghiz were traditionally exagamous, there being another Kirghiz tribe, living three days' ride away in the Pamirs, from which men of the HRK tribe selected their brides.
	www.angelfire.com /on/paksoy/kirghiz.html (3138 words)

	Kirghiz - Definition, explanation
		Kirghiz (also Kyrgyz and Kirgiz) are a Turkic ethnic group found primarily in Kyrgyzstan.
		The Kirghiz are mainly Muslims by religion, which was adopted by the Kirghiz in China during the 17th and 18th centuries.
		The Kirghiz in Emin (Dorbiljin) County in Xinjiang and Fuyu County in Heilongjiang followed Lamaism, but most of the Kirghiz do conduct sacrifical ceromonies for the Animist Snake god.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/k/ki/kirghiz.php (366 words)

	Kirghiz Rug, Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In Kirghiz weaving, the later the pieces, the less colour.
		When one see a Kirghiz rug with two blues, an abrashed red, yellow in addition to ivory and natural brown, one can be certain you are looking at an older example of which there are far too many later versions.
		All the colours are derived from natural dyestuffs., A very collectible and rare example of Kirghiz weaving, the likes of which are seldom if ever seen now, or previously.
	www.tcoletribalrugs.com /resources/rugshtml/31KirghizRug.html (251 words)

	Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Mountains, seasons, wildlife, herding, and other aspects of the nomadic lifestyle all enter into traditional Kyrgyz songs.More information on the Kirghiz and their national epic Manas.The following was written by Elmira and edited by Kurt Engelmann:About my costume: In the past Kirghiz women wore different traditional costumes.
		Kirghiz oral poets composed songs of advice when they got old and sang them with the accompaniment of the traditional three-stringed instrument komuz.
		The Kirghiz have a tradition of giving horses and sheep to the girl's parents as a sign of respect, respecting her mother's milk.
	jsis.washington.edu /ellison/outreach_songs.shtml (1320 words)

	Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On May 15, 1925 it was renamed into Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast.
		On February 1, 1926 it was reorganized into Kirghiz ASSR.
		On December 5, 1936 it was made into Kirghiz SSR.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Kara-Kirghiz_Autonomous_Oblast (79 words)

	Le peuple et la culture du Kirghizistan
		A la fin de la distribution Dieu remarqua le kirghiz qui dormait au pied d'un arbre, alors que tous les autres s'étaient battus pour obtenir le meilleur territoire.
		Un dicton kirghiz nous dit:"S'il ne vous restait qu'un jour à vivre, vous devriez en passer au moins la moitié à cheval." Il existe une quantité impressionnante de jeux hippiques qui sont souvent présentés lors de festivals ou de démonstrations.
		Le symbole de la vie Kirghiz, la yourte, est également en feutre et elle est présentée dans tous les pâturages.
	www.advantour.com /fr/kirghizistan/culture.htm (778 words)

	Janzteam Easteurope and Russia
		Their language is of the Uralo-Altaic language family and 98% of the Kirghiz speak it as their mother tongue.
		It is extremely rare that a Kirghiz woman marries a Russian man, although it sometimes happens the other way around.
		Only a few Kirghiz are known to have converted in recent years, and one of them immediately moved thousands of miles away fearing the reaction of his relatives.
	www.janzteam.com /OSTEUROPE/en/sca4.htm (419 words)

	La gouvernance démocratique dans une société multiculturelle et multiethnique : le projet suisse- kirghiz sur la ...
		La république Kirghiz est une société multiculturelle et multiethnique dans laquelle les relations sociales et politiques sont organisées le long de lignes ethniques instables mais toujours présentes.
		Le ministère kirghiz des affaires étrangères, Madame R. Otunbayeva a imaginé un petit groupe de cinq à dix leaders comprenant un officiel du gouvernement, un parlementaire, un membre de l’assemblée, un expert académique dans le champ des études de gouvernance démocratique et un représentant d ‘une grande organisation publique.
		Cette table ronde, organisée par les autorités kirghizes, rassemblera de 20 à 30 représentants kirghizes des principales institutions et organisations politiques, académiques, publiques et civiles afin de discuter des perspectives de démocratisation et de coopération interethnique à propos des besoins en formations et de leurs objectifs.
	portal.unesco.org /shs/fr/ev.php-URL_ID=2878&URL_DO=DO_PRINTPAGE&URL_SECTION=201.html (4158 words)

	About Nazif Shahrani
		My initial field research (1972-1974) was a study of the cultural ecological adaptation of a small Turkic-speaking Kirghiz pastoral nomadic group and their sedentary neighbors, the Wakhi, in northeastern Badakhshan, Afghanistan, the province of my birth and early education.
		I collected ecological, economic, demographic, social organizational and historical data pertaining not only to the Kirghiz and Wakhi adaptation to high altitude and severe climatic conditions, but also to the constraints of a politically induced social and economic realities of closed frontier conditions imposed by Communist China and Soviet Russia in the region.
		During this century of wars (colonial, anti-colonial, nationalist, revolutionary, interventionist, and war on terrorism) producing economic devastation, ethnocide, genocide, and massive displacement of peoples as internal and external refugees--all in the name of freedom and liberty--it seems that anthropology and anthropologist have historically managed to ignore these painful and pervasive sociopolitical issues of our time.
	www.indiana.edu /~afghan/nazif_shahrani.htm (1486 words)

	Kirghiz FW Jajim, Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		I have seen a number of these weavings over the years, and this is probably the oldest one yet.
		Therefore I have supposed these to be Kirghiz weavings.
		Used as partitions or curtains in the traditional tent, they are often woven for dowry purposes among the rural based groups.
	www.tcoletribalrugs.com /resources/rugshtml/66uzj.html (156 words)

	THE TRADITIONAL OGLAK TARTIS AMONG THE KIRGHIZ OF THE PAMIRS \| ESSAYS ON CENTRAL ASIA by H.B. PAKSOY \| CARRIE Books
		Since then, a number of papers on the Kirghiz have appeared, most of which have expressed concern over whether the members of this particular tribe would be able to retain their customs, traditions and ceremonies.
		Although the primary purpose of the trip was to compile a glossary of Kirghiz terms not found in any available dictionary, it became clear that it would also provide an unusual opportunity to observe other aspects of Kirghiz culture.
		The Kirghiz of Van, however, who had migrated to the Turkish Republic only a year before, had not yet had enough time to build up their horse-herds.
	vlib.iue.it /carrie/texts/carrie_books/paksoy-6/cae10.html (1325 words)

	Turk & Uygur (UIGUR, UIGHUIR, UIGUIR, and WEIWUER) -- Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China -- ...
		When the Kirghiz defeated the Uygurs in AD 840 and took over northern Mongolia, there was a group of people called the Naimans who remained in their homelands in the Altai Mountains and attached themselves to the Kirghiz.
		Kirghiz, with the help of a defector Huihu (Uygur) general and combining a cavalry forces of 100000, defeated Huihu (Uygur) and killed the Huihu khan around AD 840s.
		Tang emperors did not intend to support the Kirghiz as a replacement for the Uygurs for fear that someday the Kirghiz would pose a threat to Tang China as in the case of the former.
	www.republicanchina.org /Turk_Uygur.html (13550 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:KDO
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		2,448,220 in the former USSR (1993 UBS), 98% of the 2,539,000 Kirghiz speak it as mother tongue.
		The names 'Eastern Kirghiz' and 'Western Kirghiz' have been erroneously applied to Kazakh.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=KDO (124 words)

	Amazon.com: Kirghiz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		INTRODUCTION This manual of the Kirghiz language is intended to serve...
		Taste sensitivity to PTC and thyroid function (FT4 and TSH) in high- and low-altitude Kirghiz populations in the Pamir.: An article from: Human Biology by Fiorenzo Facchini, Davide Pettener, Andrea Rimondi, and Kulan Sichimbaeva (Jul 28, 2005)
		Ethnic minorities and marginality in the Pamirian Knot: survival of Wakhi and Kirghiz in a harsh environment and global contexts.: An article from: The Geographical Journal by Hermann Kreutzmann (Jul 31, 2005)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Kirghiz&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (390 words)

	Kirghiz Applique, Central Asia"
		This unusually ornate applique was made in Central Asia by one of the many Kirghiz tribes of the region.
		The sparse, almost regal presenation of design and patterning is clearly not the norm for these Central Asian groups and this piece stands apart from the other examples of textile art from these non Turkmen Central Asian groups.
		The style of design clearly suggests the Kirghiz origin, though such ornate techniques are also practiced by some Uzbek groups as well as the inhabitants of Resht, in n.
	www.tribalsource.net /KighizApplique.html (564 words)

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