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Topic: Kirishitan

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	Obara's Companions Of Jesus 6/6 Digitized by Francis Britto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		After that, the Kirishitans were caught and imprisoned by the new government of Meiji and then were sent into exile by the order of Dajokan (the cabinet minister of the Meiji government) and the number of exiles came to 3,383.
		In the process of the rediscovery of the Kirishitans the number of the descendants of those Kirishitans who continued to maintain correctly the love for Christ for two hundred and fifty years was not clear.
		It was a very rare case in the history of Christianity in the world that the Kirishitans, exposing themselves to the danger of martyrdom, could maintain vitality without losing the essence of Christianity through two hundred and fifty years under the extreme conditions of there being no churches or sacraments.
	pweb.sophia.ac.jp /~britto/xavier/obara/obara106.html (1879 words)

	Kakure Kirishitan
		When Whelan met the old man, a Kakure Kirishitan priest, he told her that she was 10 years too late, that nothing had happened there since another priest died a decade earlier.
		On Ikitsuki, an island off Kyushu's northwest coast, an active group displays Kakure Kirishitan rituals as pieces of Japanese folklore with paid performances, but she does not regard that to be the pure practice of the religion.
		That kimono is a fitting metaphor for the Kakure Kirishitan — a religion born of persecution, enfolded in the heavy mantle of Japanese culture, concealed over the ages in a dark lacquer box of secrecy, destined to disappear bit by bit by careful bit as each member passes into eternity.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/catholic_stories/cs0003.html (2170 words)

	Japan
		Gokinai Kirishitan Daihyo Hoshojo (Letters from Christians in Gokinai to the General of the Society of Jesus) ?1588.
		Kirishitan art-forms - These are particularly valuable as sources of Christian history in the period.
		Those from the period 1574-1615, when the Kirishitan faith was approved, openly depict Christian figures and symbols on, for example, sword-hilts, candle-stands, hand-mirrors or tea-utensils.
	www.missionstudies.org /asia/japan.htm (1774 words)

	Kakure Kirishitan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The shogunal Inquistion office (Kirishitan Shumon Aratame Yaku), established in 1640, aimed at total extermination of Christians.
		The practice of efumi (trampling on fumie, holy pictures), instituted in 1629 as a means of identifying beleivers, was well established by 1640.
		A related term, Hanare Kirishitan (seperated Christians), refers to the descvendents of Old Cristians whose faith survived the National Seclusion period but who refused reconciliation with the Roman Catholic church after the abolition of Cristian prohibition laws in the mid-19th century.
	www.baobab.or.jp /~stranger/mypage/kakure.htm (329 words)

	DungLac
		Nhưng văn hóa tinh thần của Kirishitan đã không được tiếp thu giống như những phẩm vật thực dụng như súng ống, đồng hồ, kính mắt.
		Kirishitan đã thành công trong việc thay đổi cấu tạo tinh thần của người Nhật là một nghi vấn.
		Kirishitan đã bị đàn áp mãnh liệt, nhiều tín đồ đã tuẫn đạo.
	www.dunglac.net /bai/vhsu_nhat-06.htm (8887 words)

	Museums & Memorial Sites in Japan
		Secret Kirishitan cross lantern(Oribe Toro) is still located in the garden of Ume's residence at this house prison.
		Myoshiji Abbots acquired the bell in the 16th century when the Kirishitan church next to the Imperial Palace was burned and residents persecuted.
		Memorial to Shiro Amakusa and the massacred Kirishitan of southern kumamoto.
	www.keikyo.com /museums/index.html (867 words)

	Catholic-Pages.com \| Discussion Forum - "HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN JAPAN"
		Soon various communities of Kakure Kirishitan or hidden Christians, were discovered in the region.
		Located in more remote areas where the government surveillance was at it's weakest, these communities had preserved their religion in secret for more than two centuries.
		Of approximately 60,000 Kakure Kirishitan discovered at that time only half chose to return to the reintroduced church.
	www.catholic-pages.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=8787 (1600 words)

	Research Report #3 - 26 Martyrs
		However, Nobunga recognized the power of the 'Kirishitans,' and established a religious policy that would ensure this new religion be utilized as a "corrective to Buddhists sects that resisted his authority." (140) He tried intensely to eradicate the influence of all Buddhist schools in
		This peace lasted until 1614, when a ban was placed on the Kirishitan religion, on the grounds "that it was detrimental to the welfare of the nation and contrary to the teachings of Shinto, Buddhism, and Confucianism." (146) The edict also made Buddhism a branch of the governmental structure.
		At that point, all the Kirishitans who had not been hunted down, killed, or tortured wisely hide their heads, and their faith.
	people.stu.ca /~gxlbw/truth/report3.htm (1188 words)

	mind on fire. » Religious Syncretism. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		One of the survival tactics of the kakure kirishitan or “hidden Christians” was to set up altars to Mary and the Christ-child in the guise of the Buddhist goddess of compassion, Kannon (known in China as Guanyin), who is often depicted cradling a small child.
		When the ban on Christianity was removed in the 1860s, after two and a half centuries of prohibition, many of the kakure kirishitan were warmly welcomed back into the Catholic Church.
		Instead of recantation or death, the kakure kirishitan created a third option that allowed them to believe and live.
	www.mindonfire.com /index.php?p=298 (1178 words)

	Keeping the Faith (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This, he explains, is a holy place to Japan's kakure Kirishitan, or hidden Christians, who still worship privately in each other's homes.
		Many of the prayers the kakure Kirishitan recited were nonsensical collections of syllables.
		The result, concludes Kentaro Miyazaki, a scholar of hidden Christianity, is that the kakure Kirishitan evolved into something neither hidden nor Christian, but 'a folk religion altogether Japanese in spirit and content.'
	www2.gol.com /users/coynerhm/faith.html (764 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The island chain served as a refuge for many Sempuku Kirishitan.
		The distance from highly populated areas is a common trait in the areas as Sempuku and Kakure Kirishitans were able to remain
		There are many Catholic churches on Goto that commemorate the Sempuku and Kakure Kirishitan struggles.
	www.stolaf.edu /depts/asian-studies/projects/kakurekirishitan/goto.html (142 words)

	Japan Sessions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This talk will examine another tale about the kirishitan, commonly known under the title Kirishitan shûmon raichô jikki (True Record of the Arrival of the Kirishitan Sect), which circulated only in manuscript from the late seventeenth century until it was first printed in 1868.
		While in some cases only one copy of a given title exists, in others there are up to eighteen copies of a title, bringing the total number of extant copies to approximately 150.
		In the tales, the threatening Kirishitan demons and would-be conquerors are subjugated not only through their expulsion by Hideyoshi, but also in their representation as an exoticized but thoroughly domesticated "other."
	www.aasianst.org /absts/2006abst/Japan/j-56.htm (1142 words)

	RE: Web-site on tea
		They were simply replaced by tea and cakes so that it could be continued during the persecution.
		There is clear historical evidence for Sen No Rikkyu being a Kirishitan as well as his seven disciples.
		I have been most surprised to mention this to others and find out that it is common knowledge in the Chado or Tea Ceremny Community.
	www.mail-archive.com /fukuzawa@ucsd.edu/msg14001.html (84 words)

	New Religious Movements Page: Christianity in Japan
		The 1614 Expulsion Edict issued by Tokugawa Ieyasu brought about enforcement (Nosco: 5).In the mid 1600's, the Japanese Shogunate demanded the expulsion of all European missionaries andthe execution of all converts (Christian, Mullins: 12).
		For two centuries, the "hidden Christians" (kakure kirishitan) continued to secretly practice theirfaith (Christian, Mullins: 12).
		Of the seven holy sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church (baptism, confirmation, Eucharist, penance, extreme unction, holy orders, and matrimony), only baptism was allowed to flourish under the conditions of that period, because this sacrament was necessary for salvation and did not require an ordained priest (Nosco: 7).
	religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu /nrms/christian_japan.html (3607 words)

	The Maryland Province of the Society of Jesus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Orientations for Spiritual Growth - Helps to orient your spiritual growth, by John Veltrie, SJ Jesuit Resources on the Web - The largest collection of resources about Jesuits and Ignatian Spirituality on the Web.
		Companions of Jesus in the Kirishitan Era in Japan - A History of the Jesuits in Japan by Satoru Obara, S.J. All About Xavier - Xavier-related Jesuit Publications
		El Salvador 10th Anniversary - Resources, information to honor the 10th anniversary of the assasinations in El Salvador.
	www.mdsj.org /links.shtml (256 words)

	Department of Religion, Undergraduate Program
		This course will provide an introduction to major themes and issues in Japanese religions from ancient to modern times, focusing on the role of religion in culture and history.
		We will examine representative aspects of Buddhist, Shinto, Kirishitan (Christian) and other religious traditions, as well as such topics as shamanism, magic, healing, religion and the state, and religion and modernity.
		A Japanese language precept can be made available, given sufficient interest.
	www.princeton.edu /~religion/undergradcoursedescriptions.html (939 words)

	Shimabara Uprising
		On October 15,1637, The rebel assembled at Kuchi-No-Tsu Village at the southernmost of Shimabara Peninsula.
		The rebel included "Korobi Kirishitan" or people who were originally Christian but forced to change their religion, other farmers in nearby villages, masterless Samurai (Ronin), and also former vassals of Daimyo Konishi Yukinaga who had been defeated and executed by the Tokugawa in 1600.
		The following day, the rebel army attacked and ruined Amakusa Castle.
	www.geocities.com /konru/uprise.html (1028 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 99225919 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 99225919
		Table of contents for The Kakure Kirishitan of Japan : a study of their development, beliefs and rituals to the present day / Stephen Turnbull.
		Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/fy032/99225919.html (60 words)

	AddALL.com - Christianity in Early Modern Japan: Kirishitan Belief and Practice
		AddALL.com - Christianity in Early Modern Japan: Kirishitan Belief and Practice
		Christianity in Early Modern Japan: Kirishitan Belief and Practice
		If you cannot find this book in our new and in print search, be sure to try our used and out of print search too!
	www.addall.com /detail/9004122907.html (68 words)

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