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Topic: Kissimmee River

	State: River's restoration beckons birds to new sandy shorelines
		KISSIMMEE RIVER - On a former cow pasture near this meandering river, a flock of white ibis takes off from a grassy marsh filled with native plants like button bush and maiden cane.
		Along 15 miles of restored river, shorelines are thriving with native plants and wildlife, including the occasional alligator.
		As the headwaters of the Everglades, the Kissimmee River and its 20-year-old restoration is considered a model for the massive project to restore the Everglades, which is just under way.
	www.sptimes.com /2004/05/08/news_pf/State/River_s_restoration_b.shtml (603 words)

	Kissimmee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The historic Kissimmee River was hydrologically unique among North American river systems in that it had prolonged periods of extended floodplain inundation.
		Between 1962 and 1971, the river was channelized and two-thirds of the historical floodplain was drained.
		Kissimmee River's current restoration efforts will return a significant portion of the Kissimmee River to its historic riverbed and flood plain and re-establish an environment conductive to the fauna and flora that existed there previous to the channeling efforts in the 1960's.
	www.saj.usace.army.mil /dp/Kissimmee/Kissimmee2.html (377 words)

	Kissimmee River Restoration: Overview of the Inventory and Analysis Process and the Conceptual Land Use and Natural ...
		Every definition of the restoration goals for the Kissimmee River supports restoration of the Kissimmee River "as it once was." Although the restoration process is not an attempt to force the river into a pre-channelized state, in a general sense, the pre-channelized state, may closely resemble the results of the restoration.
		It is important to understand that the purpose of the Kissimmee River Restoration and all of the completed and on-going land acquisition is to restore the land's lost environmental values that occurred after the Army Corps of Engineer's channelization of the river.
		As stated previously, the two most important goals for the restored Kissimmee River ecosystem are: 1) to maintain the ecological integrity of the restored condition; and 2) to maintain the project area for the types of public uses that do not degrade the natural resources of the project area.
	gis.esri.com /library/userconf/proc96/TO250/PAP248/P248.HTM (4570 words)

	Polk Group of the Florida Chapter of the Sierra Club
		The Kissimmee River Watershed is located in central Florida and includes most of Osceola and Okeechobee and parts of Orange, Polk, and Highlands counties.
		It is bounded on the north by the lakes of the Orlando area, on the west by the Peace River watershed, and on the south by Lk.
		Obviously, the Kissimmee River is a major wildlife corridor between the SE and SW Florida Coastal Estuaries, the Everglades and the Green Swamp, and north Florida.
	florida.sierraclub.org /polk/polk_webpage.asp?kissimmee (972 words)

	Kissimmee River Information Guide - Florida Fishing
		Low-and no-flow regimes in remnant river channels resulted in encroachment of vegetation, especially floating exotics (such as water lettuce and water hyacinth] to the center of the river channel.
		Influx of organic matter, invertebrates, and forage fishes to the river from the floodplain during periods of water recession was eliminated.
		The upper Kissimmee River drainage basin begins near the cities of St. Cloud and Kissimmee in the central Florida peninsula.
	www.jimporter.org /lakes/kissimmee (3277 words)

	Kissimmee River. The Columbia Gazetteer of North America. 2000
		Kissimmee River (kuh-SIM-ee), c.140 mi/225 km long, central Fla., rises in Tohopekaliga L. in Osceola co., flows SSE to N end of L. Okeechobee 7 mi/11.3 km SW of Okeechobee.
		River basin has large cattle range (Kissimmee Prairies), some citrus-fruit growing, and large wilderness tracts.
		River was channelized by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1970s and is now being restored.
	www.bartleby.com /69/0/K05100.html (114 words)

	Camp Mack River Resort - Fishing Lake Hatchineha
		The Kissimmee river enters and exits on the southern end of the lake.
		The water levels are controlled by flood gates, and the current flowing through the Kissimmee river seems to help fishing around the river mouth and points along the canals.
		Kissimmee grass can be fished with lots of methods, both artificial and live bait.
	www.campmack.com /FishingLakeHatch.asp (491 words)

	Restoring a River- The Quest To Resurrect The Kissimmee
		Kissimmee was known in the past as Allendale and later Kissimmee City.
		The Kissimmee River Restoration Act of 1976 initiated a series of state and federal initiatives to restore the integrity of the river in order to retrieve some of the lost benefits that the original pre-channelized river provided.
		Above Lake Kissimmee the Corps has been widening the canals by dredging and says that they want to be able to let the river " maintain a continous flow of water" as part of the restoration process.
	www.fishflorida.com /articles/restore.html (1099 words)

	[No title]
		In the 1960’s, the river’s beauty was marred, when the Army Corps of Engineers decided to channelize the Kissimmee River, turning the once meandering 103 mile long river into a 56 mile long canal.
		Kerwin briefed her guests on the river’s situation and explained how the project’s faculty was attempting to improve the Kissimmee’s status by destroying dams, and encouraging the survival of native species.
		Kolhoff explained, “The Kissimmee River feeds Lake Okeechobee, which feeds the Everglades, which in turn feedsthe Gulf of Mexico, supporting a variety of ecosystems and wildlife, as well as one of the largest sources of freshwater in the state of Florida, and could be considered the backbone of the economy of South Florida.
	www.fgcu.edu /learningacademy/RIVERWOODS.doc (1045 words)

	Kissimmee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Kissimmee River and its floodplain, along with the Upper Chain of Lakes, forms the headwaters of the greater Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades (KOE) ecosystem.
		The river was channelized, and two-thirds of the historical floodplain was drained between 1962 and 1971 — to prevent catastrophic flooding.
		The Kissimmee River restoration was authorized by the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 1992.
	www.sfwmd.gov /site/index.php?id=15 (551 words)

	Stop Invasives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Kissimmee River, which begins at Lake Kissimmee and flows south into Lake Okeechobee, originally was 107 miles (172 km) long.
		The pre-channelized Kissimmee River formerly supported large numbers of wading birds and waterfowl, and restoration of portions of the river are expected to increase the currently low numbers of these groups of birds.
		Threat of Invasive Species: The hydrological restoration of the Kissimmee River is on-going, and control of exotic species is critical for healthy native communities to become established.
	www.audubon.org /campaign/invasives/lakeKissimmee.shtm (364 words)

	www.newszap.com
		Thanks to the Kissimmee Explorer, a covered pontoon boat, the group was able to escape the light rain as they took a circular tour up the restored section of the river and then returned by the channalized riverbed.
		Between 1962 and 1971, the Kissimmee River was channalized by the COE into a 56-mile long, 328-feet wide and 30-foot deep canal known as C-38 with several spillways and locks for flood control.
		The Kissimmee River Restoration Project was started in 1999 as a joint project of COE and SFWMD with the goal of backfilling 22 miles of the C-38, removing water control devices, restoring over 40 square miles of floodplain and restoring flow to a portion of the original riverbed.
	www.newszap.com /articles/2005/11/30/fl/lake_okeechobee/aok02.txt (1235 words)

	NewsNotes Issue 18: Notes on Environmental Restoration
		It is important to recognize at the outset that the 1961-71 flood control work on the Kissimmee River was a continuation of past federal concerns and the development of the river that began with the construction of a federal channel for commercial navigation in the early 1900s.
		The river and floodplain were not discreet and independent ecosystems, and the ebb and flow of their life was closely interrelated.
		The "birth" of Kissimmee River restoration occurred in 1972 when the first public hearing on this subject was held by the Central and Southern Flood Control District (predecessor to the South Florida Water Management District)...
	www.epa.gov /owow/info/NewsNotes/issue18/nps18env.html (4894 words)

	Audubon of Florida
		Before channelization, the river was a haven for wildlife, including at least 39 species of fish and 38 species of water birds.
		Utilization of the river by ducks decreased an estimated 93%.
		Only part of the river will be restored, however, by the removal of two water control structures and the filling in of 22 miles of canal.
	www.audubon.org /states/fl/fl/specialplaces_glades_kiss.html (531 words)

	Recreation: Kissimmee River Public Use Area
		Kissimmee River PUA consists of more than 24,000 acres along the Kissimmee River from SR 60 south to Lake Okeechobee.
		This land is part of the Kissimmee River restoration project authorized by the U.S. Congress in 1992.
		Kissimmee River restoration is a critical piece in the restoration of Lake Okeechobee and the Everglades.
	myfwc.com /recreation/cooperative/kissimmee_river_pua.asp (228 words)

	The Kissimmee River,
		The Kissimmee River in Florida is a vital component of the Everglades.
		Flood control dramatically changed the Kissimmee River in the 1960's and 70's as a result of public pressure to reduce damage done to people and their property by floods.
		The river's new name was Canal 38 (C-38) and it controlled the passage of floodwater using six flow control structures (S-65's) startegically placed between Lake Kissimmee and Lake Okeechobee.
	www.geocities.com /ginnyhicks/index.html (561 words)

	Cutter Suction Dredge, dredge equipment, dredges, the word for dredge is Ellicott
		It's the Kissimmee River Backfill Project designed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for recreating natural water flow through the original waterway "oxbows" that meander through an area.
		Work then altered the natural characteristics of the river and shortened its run from 103 miles (166 km) to 56 miles (90 km), while adding various water control structures and locks.
		In any event, as the Kissimmee job reached completion, the same dredge was off to Puerto Rico with a Ludlum crew for another Corps of Engineer project, reported Schwarz.
	www.dredge.com /casestudies/undredgingkissimmee.htm (1145 words)

	ArcNews Winter 2004/2005 Issue -- Saving the Kissimmee River of Central Florida With GIS
		In 1981, the Resources Rivers Act directed the district and others to provide recreation in "an environmentally acceptable manner." The district contacted the University of California, Berkeley, where scientists developed four restoration proposals that were tested in 1984 and 1985.
		When the Kissimmee River Restoration Act was passed in 1991, it set the stage for restoring the ecosystems in addition to providing recreation.
		Since the river was not in its restored condition, the recreation effects had to be estimated against a future, healthy ecosystem.
	www.esri.com /news/arcnews/winter0405articles/saving-kissimee.html (1554 words)

	Riverwoods Field Laboratory - Story of the Kissimmee
		The Historic Kissimmee River flowed 103 meandering miles from the Kissimmee Chain of Lakes into Lake Okeechobee.
		In the 1960s, the river was channelized by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a result of public pressure to provide more adequate flood protection.
		The 103-mile winding path of the Kissimmee River was transformed into 56-mile long, 30-ft. deep, 300-ft. wide canal, known today as the C-38 canal.
	riverwoods.ces.fau.edu /kissimmee/storyk.html (172 words)

	Pioneer Families of the Kissimmee River Valley
		The "island’ was bounded on the north by Lake Kissimmee, on the east by Kissimmee River, on the south by Lake lstokpoga, and on the west by Lake Arbuckle and Arbuckle Creek.
		On the Kissimmee River, north of Fort Basinger, was the settlement of Fort Kissimmee.
		John Mizell Pearce, founder of the Pearce family in the Kissimmee River Valley, was born Nov. 17, 1834, in Columbia County, Florida, the eldest child of Levi and Mary Jane (Hooker) Pearce.
	www.lamartin.com /history/pioneer_families_kissimmee_river_valley.htm (10938 words)

	Florida: Lower Kissimmee River
		The Lower Kissimmee River Basin is located in southern Florida west and adjacent to the TCNS Basin.
		The Lower Kissimmee River Basin is the second largest source of external phosphorus loading to Lake Okeechobee, delivering 20% of the total phosphorus (TP) and 25% of the total nitrogen in 31% of the inflow to the lake.
		The Lower Kissimmee River Basin is the second largest source of phosphorus (P) loading to Lake Okeechobee, delivering 20% of the total phosphorus and 25% of the total nitrogen to Lake Okeechobee with 31% of inflow to the lake (Lake Okeechobee Technical Advisory Committee, 1986).
	www.water.ncsu.edu /watershedss/info/rcwp/fl2prof.html (4952 words)

	Everglades Digital Library
		In its pristine condition, the Everglades waterway arose in the lakes of the upper Kissimmee basin and flowed south via the meandering lower Kissimmee River to Lake Okeechobee.
		By its Act of 1976, the Legislature anticipated that restoration of the lower Kissimmee River would enhance water conservation, ground water supplies, wetland vegetation, energy conservation, conversion of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) to peat and muck, low energy ranching, fresh water fisheries, and wildlife.
		It is hard for me to understand how man could have the audacity to think he could improve on the Kissimmee River and Valley by cutting the heart out of the river and replacing it with a canal.
	www.fiu.edu /~glades/marshall/FI06011102/index.htm (2089 words)

	www.newszap.com
		To protect developing areas around Kissimmee and control flooding in the Kissimmee River Valley, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers straightened 103 miles of the meandering Kissimmee River and its 35,000 acre floodplain into a 56-mile-long, 30 foot deep, 300 foot wide channel, draining 21,000 acres of floodplain in the process.
		The sandy river bottom where fish spawned became covered with silt brought down by rushing water from the northern reaches of the watershed and the fish left.
		The primary purpose of the Kissimmee River Headwaters Revitalization Project is to provide the water storage and regulation schedule modifications needed to restore the historical flow characteristics of the Kissimmee River system.
	www.newszap.com /articles/2006/04/22/fl/lake_okeechobee/aok01.txt (1421 words)

	Kissimmee River Project
		The river was straightened and dredged by the Army Corps of Engineers in a massive project, completed in 1971, to drain the marshes for farmers and developers, and to make a navigable waterway.
		Soon after this was accomplished, public sentiment turned against the project due to an emerging environmental movement, and a proposal to restore the damaged ecosystem in the impacted wetland began to form.
		The Army Corps is now filling in the canal they made more than 25 years ago, and is cleaning up the source of the stream, Lake Kissimmee, as part of the 15 year long restoration project that is finally underway.
	ludb.clui.org /ex/i/FL3139 (130 words)

	Everglades Restoration Priorities :: Kissimmee River Restoration
		The Kissimmee River was unique among the rivers of North America.
		The need to restore the Kissimmee is evident, and has been supported by a large grassroots effort.
		Audubon is working to insure funds continue to be allocated for Kissimmee River restoration.
	www.audubonofflorida.org /science/kissrivrest.htm (532 words)

	Kissimmee River Restoration Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Kissimmee River basin covers 3,000 square miles and stretches from southern Orlando southward to Lake Okeechobee in central Florida.
		The Kissimmee River Restoration project has two component parts: the Upper Basin (Headwaters Revitalization) and the Lower Basin (Kissimmee River Restoration).
		The Upper Basin is being pursued under Section 1135 and involves modifications to the operation of the lakes, canal improvements, and land acquisition for Lakes Kissimmee and Hatchineha, and Cypress Lake north of State Road 60.
	www.saj.usace.army.mil /restore/projects/Kissrest.htm (212 words)

	Kissimmee River restoration begins second phase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In mid-June, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) announced the 2nd phase of restoration along the Kissimmee River, the headwaters of the Everglades.
		Flowing from Lake Kissimmee in the center of the state, the Kissimmee River once meandered for 103 miles south to Lake Okeechobee, providing lush habitat for fish and wildlife.
		The restoration of the Kissimmee River floodplain will benefit populations of wading birds and waterfowl throughout the southern Florida landscape by providing increased feeding and breeding habitat and refuge during adverse conditions, DEP said.
	www.ecofloridamag.com /archived/news_kissimmee_river_restoration.htm (426 words)

	Park Summary for Print - Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park » Florida State Parks
		Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park is located approximately 25 miles north of the City of Okeechobee.
		Hiking through the grasslands of Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park will find you in a place so unique there is no other place on earth to see the same combination of plants and animals.
		In the early 1940’s the Latt Maxcy Corporation began purchasing prairie land directly east of the Kissimmee River on what is now known as Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park.
	www.floridastateparks.org /kissimmeeprairie/ParkSummary.cfm (2469 words)

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