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Topic: Knee

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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Ligament

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Aristotelis

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	Knee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In human anatomy, the knee is the leg joint connecting the femur and the tibia.
		The MCL protects the medial side of the knee from being bent open by a stress applied to the lateral side of the knee (a valgus force).
		In Australian rules football, knee injuries are among the most common, with a great deal of controversy caused in ruck contests, where the crashing of two knees during the leap has caused injuries to numerous players.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Knee (714 words)

	Questions and Answers about Knee Problems
		The knee joint is the junction of three bones -- the femur (thigh bone or upper leg bone), the tibia (shin bone or larger bone of the lower leg), and the patella (kneecap).
		Separating the bones of the knee are pads of connective tissue called menisci, which are divided into two crescent-shaped discs positioned between the tibia and femur on the outer and inner sides of each knee.
		Injury to the cruciate ligaments of the knee is sometimes referred to as a "sprain." The anterior cruciate ligament is most often stretched, torn, or both by a sudden twisting motion (for example, when the feet are planted one way and the knees are turned another way).
	www.webmd.com /content/article/4/1680_50108.htm (4974 words)

	NISMAT web site - General Procedure for Evaluating the Knee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The ACL attaches to the depression in front of the spine of the tibia, blending with the anterior extremity of the lateral meniscus; it then passes upward, backward and outward as it is inserted into the medial posterior part of the lateral femoral condyle.
		The patient is in the supine position, with the knee flexed at 20 to 30 degrees.
		The patient's ankle should be held between the examiner's knees, with the patient's knee at 15 to 20 degrees of flexion.
	www.nismat.org /orthocor/exam/knee_eval.html (1190 words)

	Questions and Answers About Knee Problems
		The knee joint is the junction of three bones: the femur (thigh bone or upper leg bone), the tibia (shin bone or larger bone of the lower leg), and the patella (knee cap).
		Knee tendon injuries range from tendinitis (inflammation of a tendon) to a ruptured (torn) tendon.
		Extensive injuries and diseases of the knees are usually treated by an orthopaedic surgeon, a doctor who has been trained in the nonsurgical and surgical treatment of bones, joints, and soft tissues such as ligaments, tendons, and muscles.
	www.niams.nih.gov /hi/topics/kneeprobs/kneeqa.htm (5327 words)

	Knee
		The knee is a region and the knee is a joint.
		The lower piece of knee cap is swung downward attached to the patella tendon.
		There are the knee bump Osgood-Schlatter syndrome ouchies but there are also those of the heel, the iliac crest, the vertebral end plates etc etc. Each has a different name to make everybody confused.
	www.pediatric-orthopedics.com /Topics/Bones/Knee/knee.html (2082 words)

	Knee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The child is brought with the complaint of inability to flex the knee joint and squat on the heel for toilet purposes.
		Recurrent dislocation of the patella is characterised by repeated lateral subluxation or dislocation of the patella occurring on flexion of the knee.
		Anterior knee pain is a clinical condition in adolescents and young adults characterised by diffuse pain in the anterior aspect of the knee extending down the front of the leg.
	www.bonetumour.org /book/aptext/chapter12/ch12_sub5.html (1675 words)

	Knee
		Usually the foot is bent outward, away from the midline and a pop or tearing sensation is felt on the inner side of the knee.
		The meniscus or cartilage is a cushion in the knee.
		As the patella slides laterally the ligaments and muscle are often torn free from the inner portion of the patella.
	www.kneefootankle.com /knee (2835 words)

	The Knee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The knee, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), is one of the most easily injured joints in the human body.
		Knee injuries involving tendons range from an inflammation of the tendons called tendinitis, (Read about "Tendinitis and Bursitis") to a ruptured tendon.
		This can help to stabilize the knee, and preserve the cartilage, thereby allowing the patient to return to his or her sport in the same capacity as before surgery.
	www.stayinginshape.com /4drhs/libv/r08.shtml (2988 words)

	Knee Ligament Injuries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The cruciate ligament located toward the front of the knee is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and the one located toward the rear of the knee is called the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).
		Operative treatment (either arthroscopic or open surgery): Uses a strip of tendon, usually taken from the patient's knee (patellar tendon) or hamstring muscle, that is passed through the inside of the joint and secured to the thighbone and shinbone.
		Injuries to the MCL are usually caused by contact on the outside of the knee and are accompanied by sharp pain on the inside of the knee.
	orthoinfo.aaos.org /fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=157&topcategory=Knee (998 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Knee pain
		Knee pain usually results from overuse, poor form during physical activity, not warming up or cooling down, or inadequate stretching.
		Strain or sprain -- minor injuries to the ligaments caused by sudden or unnatural twisting.
		However, for significant tears or ruptures, as well as a torn meniscus, arthroscopic knee surgery is often needed.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003187.htm (892 words)

	Knee Bursitis - Arthritis and arthritic conditions, medications, and treatment on MedicineNet.com
		A bursa is a closed fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between tissues of the body.
		The knee joint is surrounded by three major bursae.
		The bacteria involved in septic bursitis of the knee are usually those that normally cover the skin, called staphylococcus.
	www.medicinenet.com /knee_bursitis/article.htm (518 words)

	Knee
		The experiment was performed on a cadaver knee with TKA and the thin film pressure sensors were glued in between the articulating surfaces.
		The penetration of the femoral component in to the polyethylene component of the knee as a function of increasing load is studied.
		The articulation of the femoral cam with the tibial post is studied through finite element method to describe the rollback mechanism and the posterior displacement of the femoral contact points in the condylar surfaces are compared for different designs to asses the rollback and nominal stress condition on the cam surface.
	www.uic.edu /labs/brl/knee1.htm (995 words)

	The Knee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The knee is the largest joint in the body, and one of the most easily injured.
		It is made up of the lower end of the thighbone (femur) which rotates on the upper end of the shinbone (tibia), and the knee cap (patella) which slides in a groove on the end of the femur.
		The mensicus is a tough, rubbery cartilage that is attached to the knee's ligaments.
	orthoinfo.aaos.org /fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=88&topcategory=Knee (556 words)

	Knee definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The knee joint is surrounded by a joint capsule with ligaments strapping the inside and outside of the joint (collateral ligaments) as well as crossing within the joint (cruciate ligaments).
		The knee joint is surrounded by fluid- filled sacs called bursae, which serve as gliding surfaces that reduce friction of the tendons.
		Knee Pain - Complete explanation of the knee - includes a description of normal function, description of injures, diseases, and conditions which can cause pain, and how knee pain treated.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4114 (540 words)

	Knee (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Knee may mean (besides a knee joint typical of mammals):
		Arthropod knee, in legged kin of shellfish and insects
		A strike with the knee, see Knee (strike).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Knee_(disambiguation) (117 words)

	KNEE JOINT - ANATOMY & FUNCTION
		Although the knee joint may look like a simple joint, it is one of the most complex.
		The knee muscles which go across the knee joint are the quadriceps and the hamstrings.
		Thus, if one of these ligaments is significantly damaged, the knee will be unstable when planting the foot of the injured extremity and pivoting, causing the knee to buckle and give way.
	www.arthroscopy.com /sp05001.htm (658 words)

	Knee Injuries
		Medial collateral ligament injury (injury to the ligament on the inner side of the knee outside the knee joint) primarily results from an outside blow, such as a tackle from the side in football.
		Lateral collateral ligament injury (injury to the ligament on the outer side of the knee outside the knee joint) occurs from a varus stress applied from the inside that forces the knee toward the outside.
		Pain, swelling, buckling of the knee, and a sense of knee instability are symptomatic when you suffer a PCL injury.
	www.webmd.com /content/Article/83/97801.htm?pagenumber=2 (860 words)

	Knee
		There is still swelling around the knee but that is normal for the procedure.
		By the time she is done my knee hurts but I guess it is straighter.
		My right knee seems to bend back a bit and Karen (the physical therapist) seems to now think the left will never do that again but it should be able to make it to full straight.
	bentleypics.blogspot.com (1873 words)

	Biomechatronics - A Magnetorheological Transfemoral Knee Prosthesis
		A magnetorheological knee prosthesis is developed that automatically adapts knee damping to the gait of the amputee, using only local sensing of knee force, torque, and position.
		To assess the clinical effects of the user-adaptive knee prosthesis, kinematic gait data were collected on four unilateral trans-femoral amputees.
		Using the user-adaptive knee and a conventional, non-adaptive knee, gait kinematics were evaluated on both affected and unaffected sides.
	biomech.media.mit.edu /research/pro3_1.htm (263 words)

	APTA \| Knee
		The knee is a relatively simple joint that is required to do a complicated jobâ¦ to provide flexible mobility while bearing considerable weight.
		When the knee is overstressed in sports or in everyday activities, those structures can break downâ”and knee injury occurs.
		The knee joint is really two joints: the patello-femoral joint, where the large bone of the upper leg connects with the knee cap; and the tibio-femoral joint, where the upper leg bone hinges with the large bone of the lower leg.
	www.apta.org /AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&TEMPLATE=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=20443 (1110 words)

	biology - Knee
		In human anatomy, the knee joint is a complex, compound, condyloid variety of a synovial joint.
		In particular, the homologies in the limbs of bipeds and of quadupeds are extensive, but often the parts serving corresponding functions are not homologous to each other, and the homologous parts have different functions, to the extent that thinking of horses as running on their tiptoes and fingertips can be a step toward abandoning misconceptions.
		The knee is an L-shaped piece of wood or iron used to hold the various parts of the ship together, used in conjunction with various assembly elements joining it with the parts of the ship being secured.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Knee (582 words)

	Knee Problems
		Significant injuries of the knee and severe knee disease are usually treated by an orthopedic surgeon.
		The ends of the three bones in the knee are covered with cartilage, a tough, elastic material that functions as a shock absorber and helps the knee joint to move smoothly.
		Rheumatoid arthritis of the knee may require a treatment plan that includes physical therapy and the use of stronger medications (which may be associated with side effects requiring continued monitoring by a physician).
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/dc/caz/bone/arth/artknee.jsp (1003 words)

	Knee Defender - KneeDefender.com - protect against reclining seatbacks on airplanes - save more legroom - can help you ...
		Unique, patent pending Knee Defender™ helps you defend the space you need when confronted by a faceless, determined seat recliner who doesn't care how long your legs are or about anything else that might be "back there".
		Knee Defender™ can help you keep the airplane legroom space you need to do in-seat exercises, such as foot lifts and knee lifts, which are recommended to promote healthy blood flow to help protect against DVT (deep vein thrombosis).
		"Knee Defender" is a Trademark of Right Brain, Ltd. See additional information, including additional trademark information, at our "Terms of Use" page.
	www.kneedefender.com (507 words)

	Knee
		Knee; Knee / anatomy and histology; Knee / surgery
		The Knee is an international journal publishing studies on the clinical treatment and fundamental biomechanical characteristics of this joint.
		The leaflet describes the anatomy of the knee, explains what knee ligaments are, types of knee ligament injuries, common symptoms and complications, related conditions, diagnosis, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
	omni.ac.uk /browse/mesh/D007717.html (1513 words)

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