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Topic: Knowledge Sharing Effort

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	UMBC Agent Web
		The ARPA-sponsored Knowledge Sharing Effort is developing methodology and software for the sharing and reuse of knowledge.
		Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF) is a computer-oriented language for the interchange of knowledge among disparate programs.
		In the context of knowledge sharing, an ontology is specification of a conceptualization.
	www.cs.umbc.edu /kse (287 words)

	ABOUT UNFPA: Promoting Knowledge Sharing
		Knowledge Sharing must be an integral part of staff members' succession and career plans as much as other learning processes, and must be properly acknowledged through the IPP and PAR systems.
		The move towards a knowledge sharing and learning culture is a progressive evolution and will be facilitated by testing out the approaches in a series of pilot projects.
		Knowledge Networks (KN), are a formal and structured team that focuses on domains of knowledge that are critical to the Organization.
	www.unfpa.org /knowledgesharing/strategy.htm (3650 words)

	Enabing Technolgy for Knowledge Sharing
		The Knowledge-Sharing Effort, sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Corporation for National Research Initiatives, and the National Science Foundation (NSF), is an initiative to develop the technical infrastructure to support the sharing of knowledge among systems.
		The desire to collaborate through knowledge sharing and reuse has arisen within a segment of the broad knowledge representation community that is interested in scaling up to larger systems and that views the sharing and reuse of knowledge bases as a means to this end.
		The first is a survey of the state of the art in research on knowledge sharing and reuse, which identifies the techniques currently being explored and recommends research on the critical problems to be solved.
	www.isi.edu /isd/KRSharing/vision/AIMag-small.html (9970 words)

	HCI Design Criteria for Sharing Ontologies on the Web
		Ontologies are used to facilitate knowledge sharing and reuse (Borst, Akkermans, and Top, 1996), agent interoperability (Falasconi, Lanzola, and Stefanelli, 1996), and knowledge acquisition (van Heijst, 1995).
		Although the approach used by the two groups was a forward step, the use of WWW technology for communal knowledge construction is still in its infancy, and as such there remain issues to be addressed and problems to be solved.
		Embedding knowledge about OCML into the client (in the Structure Parser and the Structure Displayer) reduces the amount of data required to be sent by the server to represent ontological entities, and thus also minimises data traffic.
	ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca /KAW/KAW98/domingue (7179 words)

	Steelcase Office Furniture : Knowledge & Design : Knowledge Library : Articles and Papers : Learning
		In the corporate world, knowledge management could be a remedy for redundant efforts, lost information, and high employee frustration levels-all of which cost time and money.
		With tighter parameters than knowledge management, knowledge sharing is an achievable corporate goal that can have tremendous bottom line impact when it's set in an atmosphere that promotes respect and cross functional thinking and is accompanied by an infrastructure that facilitates access, distribution and/or interaction.
		Knowledge sharing is a worthwhile and achievable goal for any progressive organization. With supportive technologies, a proactive plan for breaking down and organizing information, as well as physical and socio-cultural environments that support sharing, an organization can go far in shaping knowledge sharing behaviors that will continually enhance individual-and ultimately corporate-performance.
	www.steelcase.com /uk/knowledgedesign.aspx?f=10253&c=21668 (703 words)

	People
		It requires effort to develop what we call “knowledge pull”– a grassroots desire among employees to tap into their company’s intellectual resources’.
		One of the first technologies to link direct economic rewards to employee knowledge sharing activities, is IntraKnexa (from a company called Knexa) where employees are awarded points for sharing information.
		In other words, the success of Knowledge Management can be measured in relation to its contribution to the right decisions being made, from the right information at the right time.
	www.knowledge-portal.com /people.htm (746 words)

	The Knowledge Sharing Effort
		The Knowledge Sharing Effort is a consortium to develop conventions facilitating sharing and reuse of knowledge bases and knowledge based systems.
		The goal of the effort is to define, develop, and test infrastructure and supporting technology to enable participants to build much bigger and more broadly functional systems than could be achieved working alone.
		The output of the effort consists of (1) public-domain specifications and implementations of supporting technology; (2) reports, papers, and technical articles; (3) a reusable public library of proof-of-concept demonstrations.
	www-ksl.stanford.edu /knowledge-sharing/papers/kse-overview.html (834 words)

	How to Create a Know-It-All Company - Knowledge Management - convincing workers to share knowledge is important - CIO ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Seeing the bottom-line benefits of sharing knowledge propelled the employees over their initial misgivings, spurring them to try and out-hustle each other on having the best suggestions, rather than the usual metrics.
		Very simply, the effort of sharing knowledge has to be less than the value of participating.
		KM experts agree that tacit knowledge (the 85 percent of human understanding that resides in someone's head as opposed to an external place) is the most valuable type of knowledge.
	www.cio.com /archive/120103/km.html (3996 words)

	Organizations KM Links
		The Knowledge Management Society of Japan is taking action, proposing activities and organizing consortiums to ensure that the "collaboration of knowledge" takes root as a cultural tradition among industries in Japan.
		Their mission is to enhance the skills of knowledge professionals in order to help their companies achieve and maintain a competitive advantage.
		We have launched several new global knowledge initiatives in partnership with the private sector, international and bilateral agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and others to tackle the key social, financial, and technological challenges of the new knowledge economy.
	www.providersedge.com /kma/km_links_organizations.htm (1542 words)

	Intelligent Search Agents - Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This project involves a consortium of companies and educational institutions and their main aim is to work together to build a framework for sharing knowledge.
		Their primary effort is to develop a system whereby it is possible to build a knowledge-based system simply be re-using existing components.
		It is not possible to say if this will be the case but it is certainly true that without the collaborative efforts of the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort we would not even be considering a potential world standard for intelligent agent communication.
	krapplets.cream.org /report/report3.html (2993 words)

	What is KQML? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		It is both a message format and a message-handling protocol that supports run-time knowledge sharing among agents.
		KQML can be used as a language for an application program to interact with an intelligent system or for disparate intelligent systems to share knowledge in support of cooperative problem solving.
		KQML is part of the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort, which is a consortium to develop conventions facilitating the sharing and reuse of knowledge bases and knowledge-based systems.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/K/KQML.html (214 words)

	Unlock the potential: by spearheading a companywide knowledge-sharing effort, internal auditors can secure the ...
		GATHERING KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ABOUT the nature of business risks that face the organization, how those risks are managed, and to what extent they impact the organization's business processes and strategic goals is an inherent competency for most internal audit functions.
		In addition, internal auditors are uniquely positioned to share that information throughout the organization and thereby greatly increase the company's ability to manage its risks effectively.
		Effective knowledge management is crucial to ERM, which is predicated on the understanding that business processes, risks, and controls across the organization are interrelated.
	www.allbusiness.com /periodicals/article/305714-1.html (795 words)

	Desiderata for Agent Communication Languages - Mayfield, Labrou (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML), is a new language and protocol for exchanging information and knowledge.
		This work is part of a larger effort, the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort, which is aimed at...
		The underlying agency model is one of knowledge based agents that manipulate knowledge bases, but can send queries and answers to...
	citeseer.ifi.unizh.ch /463.html (559 words)

	The Knowledge Sharing Effort
		The Knowledge-Sharing Effort, sponsored by the Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), the Cooperation for National Research Initiative (NRI), and the National Science Foundations (NSF), is an initiative to develop the technical infrastructure and conventions to support the sharing of knowledge among systems.
		Furthermore, lack of methodology for sharing and communicating knowledge poses a significant road-block in large scale research projects such as ARPA/Rolm Laboratory Planning and Scheduling Initiative.
		The goal of this effort is to develop a technology that will enable researchers to develop new systems by selecting components from libraries of reusable modules and assembling them together.
	www.isi.edu /isd/KRSharing (545 words)

	The Effect of Organizational/ Technological Factors and the Nature of Knowledge on Knowledge Sharing :
		This study investigates the dynamics of a knowledge sharing effort in New York State government that involved multiple organizations, divisions, and geographically separated offices in the development of the Multi-Purpose Access for Customer Relations and Operational Support System.
		Using a case study approach, we address the question of how multiple organizational and technological factors—distributed leadership, alignment of issues and incentives, coordination of a number and variety of groups, trust, technology, and implementation strategy—interact with the nature of knowledge to influence the knowledge sharing process.
		A major contribution of this study is that it uses a multi-dimensional view of knowledge, examining the interactive impact of the nature of knowledge with multiple organizational and technological factors in public sector knowledge management research.
	www.ctg.albany.edu /publications/journals/hicss_2006_knowledge (235 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This tutorial will focus on software agents as autonomous, cooperating processes which use rich agent communication languages to exchange information and knowledge and to coordinate their activities.
		The approach developed by the Knowledge Sharing Effort (KSE), including the languages KIF, KQML and Ontolingua, will be described briefly.
		We will also review efforts that are going to impact the future of agent communication languages such as the integration of XML into ACL frameworks, new "semantic web" languages (e.g., RDF, DAML, OIL), and the role of shared semantic web ontologies in achieving mutual understanding.
	www.aamas-conference.org /T7.txt (830 words)

	Opera Directory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		An article on implicit knowledge, memory, cognitive development, visual perception, and artificial grammar learning written by Zoltan Dienes and Josef Perner.
		Working paper describes a research approach and modeling environment that enables the dynamics of enterprise knowledge flows to be formalized through computational models.
		Describes both near- and long-term issues underlying an initiative to address concerns about preserving existing knowledge bases and of sharing, reusing, and building on them.
	portal.opera.com /web/?cat=10223 (276 words)

	Knowledge Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Knowledge Science Institute * Knowledge Science Institute (KSI) was founded at the University of Calgary in 1985 with a mandate to study all aspects of the knowledge** economy.
		Knowledge WorkNet Home Page - Knowledge WorkNet* is a virtual organization designed to enable researchers, consultants, managers, students, and others to explore issues related to the transition to a knowledge-based economy and society.
		Knowledge for Tomorrow A national debate is evolving in Netherlands on the interpretation of the knowledge and the knowledge society in the next century.
	www.epssworld.com /wedweb/kmsite.htm (8302 words)

	[2-28] Knowledge Representation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Conceptual Graphs: cg@cs.umn.edu Conceptual Graphs are a general semantic network representation of knowledge invented by John Sowa.
		The mailing list archives are accessible by WWW to http://www.cs.umbc.edu/kqml/mail/ The KQML WWW page is http://www.cs.umbc.edu/kqml/ and is also accessible by anonymous ftp to ftp.cs.umbc.edu:/pub/kqml/ Knowledge Sharing: srkb@cs.umbc.edu For the shared-ontologies part of the Knowledge Sharing Effort of ARPA.
		Interlingua: interlingua@isi.edu For the KIF language (Knowledge Interchange Format) of the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/ai-faq/general/part2/section-30.html (224 words)

	CiteULike: KQML as an Agent Communication Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This paper describes the design of and experimentation with the Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML), a new language and protocol for exchanging information and knowledge.
		This work is part of a larger effort, the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort which is aimed at developing techniques and methodology for building large-scale knowledge bases which are sharable and reusable.
		KQML is both a message format and a message-handling protocol to support run-time knowledge sharing among agents.
	www.citeulike.org /user/planetoid/article/407780 (204 words)

	The DARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort: Progress Report - Patil, Fikes, Patel-Schneider, McKay, Finin, Gruber, Neches ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Their effort will be focused on creating specialized knowledge and reasoners specific to the task of their system.
		44 Terminological knowledge representation: A proposal for a te..
		Toward Principles for the Design of Ontologies Used for Knowledge..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /37396.html (808 words)

	Knowledge Interchange Format Manual
		This manual is the ``living document'' of the Interlingua Working Group of the DARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort.
		As such, it represents work in progress toward a proposal for a standard knowledge interchange format.
		Computer Science Department Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 Abstract: Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF) is a computer-oriented language for the interchange of knowledge among disparate programs.
	logic.stanford.edu /kif/Hypertext/kif-manual.html (139 words)

	Enabling technology for knowledge sharing
		In this way, declarative knowledge, problem- solving techniques, and reasoning services could all be shared among systems.
		This article presents a vision of the future in which knowledge-based system development and operation is facilitated by infrastructure and technology for knowledge sharing.
		It describes an initiative currently under way to develop these ideas and suggests steps that must be taken in the future to try to realize this vision.
	tomgruber.org /writing/AIMag12-03-004.htm (218 words)

	knowledge representation from FOLDOC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The subfield of artificial intelligence concerned with designing and using systems for storing knowledge - facts and rules about some subject.
		A body of formally represented knowledge is based on a conceptualisation - an abstract view of the world that we wish to represent.
		In order to manipulate this knowledge we must specify how the abstract conceptualisation is represented as a concrete data structure.
	gd.tuwien.ac.at /study/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?knowledge+representation (102 words)

	Knowledge Representation Panel
		Knowledge representation allows computers to reconfigure and reuse information that they store in ways not narrowly prespecified in advance.
		This site provides a library of papers, email discussion archives, and examples of knowledge sharing based on agreements about ontology and knowledge representation.
		Loom, developed under ARPA sponsorship and distributed world-wide, is a general-purpose knowledge representation system that promotes the use of explicit, declarative domain models in constructing intelligent systems and applications.
	www.ai.mit.edu /projects/iiip/conferences/www95/kr-panel.html (393 words)

	Collaboration, Knowledge Representation and Automatability
		This document was originally organised into sections corresponding to early W3C Working Groups on the topics of Annotation, Collaboration and Knowledge Representation.
		A Study of Linguistics: Representation and Exchange of Knowledge by Dan Connolly provides some background reading on KR issues.
		The RDF Interest Group (since Nov 1999) is an active public forum for discussing the application of W3C metadata technology in the context of the social, legal, and technological issues surrounding Internet content selection, filtering, labelling, signing, quality assurance etc.
	www.w3.org /Collaboration (931 words)

	The DARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort: Progress Report - Patil, Fikes, Patel-Schneider, McKay, Finin, Gruber, Neches ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In this way, declarative knowledge, problem solving techniques and reasoning services could all be shared among systems.
		45.6%: The DARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort: Progress Report - Patil, Fikes..
		Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Proceedings of the Third International Conference", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann", address = "San Mateo, California", editor = "Bernhard Nebel and Charles Rich and William Swartout", pages = "777--788", year = "1992", url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/article/patil93darpa.html" }
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /290872.html (829 words)

	Knowledge Sharing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Knowledge Sharing effort of the Logic Group is concerned with automating the interoperation of programs.
		The facilitators assume the burden of interoperation and the application programmers are relieved from this responsibility.
		The difference between the knowledge sharing approach to software interoperation and previous approaches lies in the sophistication of the processing done by the facilitators.
	logic.stanford.edu /sharing/knowledge.html (186 words)

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