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	Large and famous diamond gems
		Probably the largest crystal of diamond to be seen in a public collection is the diamond presented to the British Museum by Professor John Ruskin; this is a symmetrically developed octahedron weighing 129 2/3 carats.
		In this section about the larger and more famous diamonds, figures are given representing the actual sizes of these stones, usually in their cut form, Plate 2 and Plate 5, but in a few cases in their rough form.
		The Orloff was the largest of the diamonds comprised in the Russian crown jewels, and formed the termination of the imperial sceptre; it is a stone of the finest water, perfectly pure and with a brilliant lustre.
	www.kanada.net /alluvial/diamonds_1.html (2068 words)

	Koh-i-Noor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Koh-i-Noor, Koh-i-Nur, or Kohinoor is a 108 carat (21.6 g) diamond that originated in the Indian subcontinent and belonged to various rulers at different points in its history, very often passing from one to another by force or deceit.
		In 1851 the diamond was given, in controversial circumstances, to Queen Victoria and taken to Britain.
		The diamond was taken from the Rajah of Malwa by force by Sultan Ala ud din Khilji and then owned by a succession of Mogul rulers including Babur himself in 1526.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Koh-i-Noor_diamond (1197 words)

	Diamond - MSN Encarta
		Artificial diamonds used in industry are generally known as synthetic diamonds; artificial diamonds used for ornamentation are called imitation diamonds.
		India was for centuries the greatest source of diamonds in the world and is known for most of the famous historical diamonds.
		Europeans began to trade diamonds on a regular basis early in the 15th century with the opening of trade routes to the east.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557986_2/Diamond.html (1864 words)

	Station Information - Koh-i-Noor diamond
		The Koh-i-Noor is a 108 carat diamond, currently in a crown of the British royal family.
		The British seized it in 1849 from Duleep Singh during the conquest of the Punjab and presented it to Queen Victoria in 1851.
		In 1852 under the supervision of her consort, Prince Albert, it was cut from 186 to its current 108 carats to increase its brilliance and it was mounted in a tiara with more than two thousand other diamonds.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/k/ko/koh_i_noor_diamond.html (266 words)

	Birthstone Information, April birthstone is Diamond: jewelryformother.com
		Diamond crystals, on the other hand, are a tight-fisted network of carbon atoms securely held in four directions, making it the hardest naturally-occurring substance in the world.
		Diamonds found in kimberlite are thought to be very old, perhaps as much as three billion years old.
		After her death, the diamond became part of the British Regalia, and was worn by Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother in her 1937 coronation.
	www.jewelryformother.com /birthstone_info/April_diamond.html (741 words)

	Diamonds Amsterdam, KOH-I-NOOR Diamond Factory
		Diamond, the hardest known natural material, consists of pure carbon, crystallized under very high pressure and temperature.
		Diamonds are mined in many parts of the world, but 80% of the stones on the market today come from Angola, Australia, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Russia and Zaire.
		The general rule is: the closer a diamond is to flawless, the rarer it becomes and the greater its value.
	www.kohinoor.nl /4c.htm (1116 words)

	Williams Diamond Center - Famous Diamonds
		The USSR Diamond Fund comprises many of the historical jewels that were amassed by the rulers of Russia before the Revolution of 1917, along with exceptional diamonds unearthed in the former Soviet Union during the last three decades.
		The first cleaving of the rough yielded a fine pear-shaped diamond in excess of 13 carats that was presented by the king of Portugal to his wife.
		DANE COUNTY: A grayish green 3.34 (3.83?) carat diamond was found in the drift of the Johnstown moraine 2.5 miles southwest of Oregon on the Charles Devine farm in 1893.
	www.williamsdiamond.com /famousdiamonds.html (4091 words)

	Mountain of light: the kohinoor diamond
		White diamonds are the most prized, yellow or brown stones are said to be imperfect, and red, blue and fl diamonds are the most rare.
		Diamonds are known as the hardest substance on earth and are mined deep under-ground.
		Diamonds were eventually discovered in Brazil in 1726 and then in 1866 in South Africa, a country that has since become the world’s number one exporter of the gemstones.
	nc.essortment.com /kohinoordiamond_rlps.htm (817 words)

	Historic Royal Palaces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Koh-i-Noor diamond is said to have obtained its name in 1738 in the aftermath of the Battle of Karnal in which Nadir Shah of Persia defeated the Mogul ruler of India.
		The origins of the stone are obscure and shrouded in legend but it may well be the diamond described by the first Mogul ruler of India, Babur, in the early 16th century as worth 'half the daily expense of the whole world'.
		Since its arrival in England the diamond has always been worn by women and currently sits in the crown of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, which was made in 1937 for the coronation of George VI.
	www.hrp.org.uk /webcode/content.asp?ID=554 (480 words)

	Koh-i-Noor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Koh-i-Noor is a 108 carat diamond that belonged to India.
		The diamond was later seized by the colonial British regime in India and currently is in a crown of the British royal family.
		The British snatched it in 1849 from Duleep Singh during the conquest of the Punjab and presented it to Queen Victoria in 1851.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/koh_i_noor (350 words)

	Koh-i-Noor -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In 1851 the diamond was given, in controversial circumstances, to (Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901 (1819-1901)) Queen Victoria and taken to England.
		In this document the stone was described as belonging to the Rajah of Malwa, (A republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947) India, in 1294.
		The diamond was taken from the Rajah of Malwa by force by (The ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)) Sultan Ala-ed-din Khilji and then owned by a succession of (A member of the Muslim dynasty that ruled India until 1857) Mogul rulers including Babur himself in 1526.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ko/koh-i-noor1.htm (1357 words)

	The Koh-I-Noor Diamond
		The presentation of this amazing diamond to the ruler of Persia by Humayun was confirmed by Khur Shah, the Ambassador of Ibrahim Qutb, King of Golconda, at the Persian court.
		Although the evidence is slender, the gift of a diamond by the wily Jumla to both father and son accords with his character and should not be dismissed out of hand: it would have been a means of insuring his future whichever way the wind was to blow.
		Apart from the discrepancy in the weights and in the size, as shown by Tavernier's drawing, which was intended to represent the natural size of the former [the Mogul], it is tolerably certain that the Orloff was obtained from the temple of Srirangam on an island in the Cauvery river in Mysore.
	famousdiamonds.tripod.com /koh-i-noordiamond.html (9810 words)

	Diamond Directroy-Famous Stones-The Koh I Noor Diamond
		The Koh-i-Noor is a 108 carat diamond that belonged to India.
		The diamond was later seized by the colonial British regime in India and currently is in a crown of the British royal family.
		The British snatched it in 1849 from Duleep Singh during the conquest of the Punjab and presented it to Queen Victoria in 1851.
	www.diamond-directory.net /famous-stones_koh-i-noor-diamond.html (276 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The Koh-i-noor Diamond
		The first reliable evidence of it, however, is in the writings of Babur, the founder of the Mogul Empire, who names this diamond as part of the treasure won by Ala-ud-deen (Aladdin) at the conquest of Malwah in 1304 AD.
		At that time it was said to weigh 793 carats, but through some incredibly ham-fisted cutting and polishing by a jeweller named Borgio it was reduced to 186 carats.
		Many Sikhs in India and Britain used the occasion to demand the return of the Koh-i-noor diamond, which had been won from the Sikhs (whose ruler was Duleep Singh, a young boy at the time) after a fierce battle.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A730801 (1340 words)

	Iranica.com - KOH-I-NOOR
		In his memoirs, Ba@bor refers to a diamond which the family of Bikramajit, residing then in Agra, gave to his son Homa@yun as a token of gratitude for having spared their lives: "They presented Homayun with many jewels and gems, among which was a famous diamond Sultan Alauddin had acquired...It must weigh 8 mithcals" (tr.
		It has been suggested that the diamond was later bought by Moháammad-Sa¿id Mir Jomla, the Persian-born vizier of the sultan of Golconda, and presented by him to the Mughal ruler Shah Jaha@n, when he entered the service of the latter as Grand Vizier in July 1656.
		The diamond remained in the possession of Na@der Shah's successors until the day when his grandson ˆa@h-rokò, then the ruler of the province of K¨ora@sa@n, was tortured cruelly by a powerful local chief who wanted him to reveal its hiding-place.
	www.iranica.com /articles/sup/Koh_e_noor.html (1223 words)

	The World's Most Famous Diamonds - Koh-i-noor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		From the the early 1300s, and for several centuries later, the Koh-i-noor Diamond had been in the family of the Rajah of Malwa, in India.
		The diamond was passed down in his family from generation to generation.
		Today this diamond is in the Tower of London, and it continues to be a chief treasure of the British Crown Jewels.
	www.reeny.org /famous-di2.html (206 words)

	AlShindagah Online
		It is known that when Ala-ud-din conquered Malwa, a magnificent diamond, “a jewel unparalleled in all the world”, was part of the loot, but it dropped out of sight for the next 200 years.
		Nadir Shah was assassinated soon after and the diamond fell into the hands of Ahmad Shah Abdali, one of his ablest generals, who later became the King of Afghanistan.
		Despite the efforts, the results were most unfortunate, for it reduced the diamond drastically in weight, depriving it of all its historical and mineralogical value.
	www.alshindagah.com /novdec03/kohinoor.htm (2111 words)

	About the Koh-I-Noor Diamond
		The Koh-I-Noor diamond was taken from the rajahs of Malwa and ultimately became part of the crown jewels of England and supposedly brought about the Russian War.
		The mystic character of the diamond has never been lost sight of, from the days when Ala-ud-deen took it from the Rajahs of Malwa, five centuries and a half ago, to the day when it became a crown jewel of England.
		He did not take the diamond by force, as he had the other treasures, but when going through the ceremony of re-establishing the Tartar monarch on the throne of Delhi, he remembered the ancient oriental custom of exchanging turbans in token of amity.
	www.jjkent.com /articles/kohinoor-diamond-england.htm (470 words)

	The Kohinoor Diamond
		According to some sources, the Koh-i-noor diamond was found in the Godavari river in central India 4,000 years ago.
		During the next two centuries the diamond was one of the most prized items in the treasure of the Mogul emperors.
		In an effort to discover the whereabouts of the diamond Shah Rukh´s eyes were put out, and boiling pitch was poured on his head, but he refused steadfastly to reveal its hiding place.
	www.diamondtutorials.com /articles/diamonds.tutorials/71/The_Kohinoor_Diamond.html (534 words)

	kohinoor
		The Kooh-i-noor is probably the diamond with the longest history for an extant stone, though its early history is very clouded.
		Originally a lumpy stone that lacked fire and weighed 191 carats, it was recut to enhance it's brilliance to a 109-carat diamond in 1852 at Garrards of London.
		Other writers have identified the Koh-i-noor (meaning "mountain of light") with the diamond given to the son of Babur, the founder of the Mughal dynasty in India, by the raja of Gwalior after the battle of Panipat in 1526.
	library.thinkquest.org /J0112321/kohinoorl.htm (293 words)

	Koh-i-Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The diamond is part of the British crown jewels and the legacy of Maharaja Duleep Singh, son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
		The 105.6 carat diamond, set in the State Crown of the Queen Mother, is steeped in superstition; it is said to bring ill-luck to the monarch who wears it.
		Even after the diamond was shipped to Britain -- having spent six weeks in a forgetful Englishman's waistcoat pocket -- its malevolent influence was felt: twice Queen Victoria was assailed by madmen, one brandishing a pistol and another who whacked her with his cane.
	www.student.utwente.nl /~kohinoor/nieuws.html (2781 words)

	Grissom's Fine Jewelry - A Quick Diamond History
		The first diamond mines—located in the Golconda province of India—date to the eighth century B.C. In the centuries before Christ, diamonds were valued for their strength as well as for their supposed power as a magical protector against snakes, fire, poison, illness, thieves and all the other assorted forces of evil.
		Diamonds were considered real property and the wealthier Romans passed them along to their heirs—we should thus thank the members of the early republic for giving those of us now living the first family heirlooms.
		The diamond’s allure was further strengthened when, in the late 15th century, Lode Van Berckman from Bruges, Antwerp originated the first cutting techniques and was able to unleash the fire and brilliance possessed by no other stone.
	www.grissoms.com /a_quick_history.htm (891 words)

	The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum - Lead Article
		This magnificent and matchless diamond passed from one conqueror to the other as a symbol of power and glory and was regarded as the greatest treasure in India,whose value was beyond estimate.
		According to N.B. Sen, the Kohi-i-Noor, the king of diamonds and the diamond of kings was found in the ancient mine of Kolar, situated on the right bank of the Krishna river in Karnataka.
		Others write that this famous diamond was either discovered about 5,000 years ago in the bed of the lower Godavari river, near Machlipatnam in Central India, or in the Golkunda mines in Andhra Pradesh or in the hills of Amravati in Maharashtra.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2000/20000709/spectrum/main1.htm (2451 words)

	Punjab Heritage News - The jewel in the crown. The curse of Koh-i-Noor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The diamond was war booty and its delivery was to be a spectacle carried out in much the same manner as the tribute paid by defeated enemies of Egyptian pharaohs and Roman emperors.
		It was set into the Imperial Crown and since 1911 the diamond has been worn in crowns worn by the female consort to the monarch, including the late Queen Mother, who wore it for her husband's coronation in 1937 and for her daughter's coronation in 1953.
		After the assassination of Nadir Shah, another victim of the curse, the diamond passed through the hands of his successors, each dethroned and ritually blinded, until it was passed in return for sanctuary to Ranjit Singh, the Lion of Lahore, self-declared ruler of Punjab and father of Duleep Singh.
	www.punjabheritage.org /material-heritage/the-jewel-in-the-crown.-the-curse-of-koh-i-noor.html (1507 words)

	Shenzhen Daily News
		THE Taliban has demanded the return of the Koh-i- Noor diamond to Afghanistan, saying Queen Elizabeth should hand back the gem "as soon as possible" so that it can be displayed in Kabul, the Observer reported on Sunday.
		The Taliban's foreign affairs spokesman, Faiz Ahmad Faiz, said the diamond, kept in the Tower of London with the other Crown Jewels, was the "legitimate property" of Afghanistan, the Observer reported.
		But for much of the 18th and early 19th centuries the diamond was in the possession of the Afghan royal family.
	pdf.sznews.com /szdaily/2000/1108/26.htm (304 words)

	Famous Diamonds: Koh-I-Noor Diamond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This version, however, is not considered to be the true one by most writers, and the recovery of the diamond from the fort of Agra is regarded as the authentic one.
		The under part of the canopy is all embroidered with pearls and diamonds, with a fringe of pearls round about.
		One of the first people to see the Koh-I-Noor in its new shape was Dhulip Singh, who at the time was living in London under the guardsman ship of Lady Login: she had been appointed to this post on the death of her husband.
	www.am-diamonds.com /famous-diamonds.php?id=42 (8858 words)

	Koh-i-Noor compared to Elgin Marbles « Elginism
		The British say the Maharaja gifted the diamond to the Queen but as he was only a minor at the time, it has been a matter of historical debate whether the British stole the treasure or whether it really was a present.
		One thing is for sure: the British have got it, they have it on display as the centrepiece of the crown jewels, and though many indignant Indians have sought its return, the English are not going to hand their booty any more than they are going to give back the Elgin Marbles to the Greeks.
		The actual Koh-i-Noor is kept at the Tower of London as the centrepiece of the Maltese cross of the coronation crown made for the Queen Mother in 1937.
	www.elginism.com /20050626/143 (830 words)

	Tacy Ltd
		Pakistan's Prime Minister at that time, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, had sought the return of the 105.6 carat diamond, which was part of the Crown Jewels, a request denied by the U.K. government.
		In this respect alone the status of the Koh-i-noor diamond is quite different to that of the Burmese Royal Regalia which never formally became the property of Britain thought it was long held in this country," explained British Prime Minister James (Jim) Callaghan to Bhutto.
		The Koh-i-noor diamond, which comes from Lahore, was presented to Queen Victoria in 1852.
	www.diamondintelligence.com /magazine/magazine.asp?id=4623 (325 words)

	All About Koh-i-noor \| Miss Peridot's Encyclopedia of Gems, Diamonds and Jewelry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Koh-i-Noor, Koh-i-Nur, or Kohinoor is a 108 carat diamond that originated in the subcontinent of India and belonged to various Indian and Persian rulers at different points in its history.
		In 1851 the diamond was given, in controversial circumstances, to Queen Victoria and is currently in a crown of the British royal family that belonged to the late Queen Mother.
		The diamond was given by Ranjit Singh's successor, Duleep Singh, to Queen Victoria in 1851.
	www.missperidot.com /012/term.asp?tid=423 (1221 words)

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