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Topic: Koine Greek

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	Greek Language - MSN Encarta
		Koine was the language of the court and of literature and commerce throughout the Hellenistic empires.
		Phonetically the two are identical, both varying from Ancient Greek principally in the substitution of stress for pitch in accented syllables and in the altered pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs.
		In declension, Modern Greek (purist and vernacular) has abandoned two basic forms used in Ancient Greek: the dual, a form indicating that a noun, pronoun, or adjective refers to two persons or things; and the dative case, which is now used only in a few idiomatic expressions.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552508/Greek_Language.html (1710 words)

	Koine Greek - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Koine Greek is important not only to the history of the Greeks for being their first common dialect and main ancestor of Demotic Greek, but it is also significant for its impact on Western Civilization as a lingua franca for the Mediterranean.
		Koine also was the original language of the New Testament of the Christian Bible as well as the medium for the teaching and spreading of Christianity.
		Koine Greek was therefore considered a decayed form of Greek that was not worthy of attention.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Koine_Greek (2001 words)

	Greek
		Ancient Greek was spoken in Greece, on Crete and Cyprus, in parts of the eastern Mediterranean and western and northern Anatolia, on Sicily and in southern Italy, on the northern Black Sea coast, and sporadically along the African coast and the French Riviera.
		The koine remained the basis of the language of the early church and of the spoken tongue.
		The principal changes that distinguish modern Greek are superseding of pitch-accent by stress; further iotacism of vowels; transforming the voiced plosives b and d to the voiced fricatives v and dh; loss of modal particles; and less variable word order because of replacement of pitch-accent by stress.
	thor.prohosting.com /~linguist/greek.htm (2420 words)

	* What Was Koine Greek? *
		Greek was just Greek, with its variations from region to region, class to class and age to age.
		Koine Greek was fully a normal language with all the normal patterns and tendencies of any human language.
		In general summary, Koine became the BASE for all modern Greek, superseding the classical forms, which already by the first century were being considered separate languages, and by the 3rd century were considered foreign languages.
	orvillejenkins.com /languages/koinegreek.html (1462 words)

	History of the Greek Language
		The history of the Greek Language begins, as far as the surviving texts are concerned, with the Mycenaean civilization at least as early as the thirteenth century BCE.
		In the classical or hellenic period Greek existed in several major dialects, each of which has its own significance for the history of the language, but the most influential of these would ultimately prove to be the one spoken in Athens, called Attic.
		Greek was adopted as a second language by the native people of these regions and was ultimately transformed into what has come to be called the Hellenistic Koiné or common Greek.
	greek-language.com /historyofgreek (847 words)

	Differences Between Classical and Hellenistic Greek
		Robertson characterizes Koinê Greek as a later development of Classical Greek, that is, the dialect spoken in Attica (the region around Athens) during the classical period.
		Koinê has shorter sentences, more parataxis and less hypotaxis, a sparing use of participles, and a growth in the use of prepositions (although some old ones have died out).
		Koinê used personal pronouns in oblique cases much more often, whereas writers in Attic used them only when they were necessary for clarity.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /~jtreat/koine/classical.html (1129 words)

	Ancient Greek and Koine vs. Modern Greek (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		All greek junior high and high school students take 6 years of ancient greek classes at school and at the last grades Antigoni, the Heliad and the Odyssey are some of the "text-books" used at class.
		The ancient greek language (at least in a greek's point of view) exists only as a written language and nobody is supposed to start a conversation in ancient greek or Koine unless they're quoting an old text.
		Nevertheless a greek would probably get the meaning out of a carved script (for example on ancient statues, pottery or columns in a museum) but won't usually try to do it since carved text doesn't have spaces and it will take quite a lot of time to separate the words and then find the meaning...
	www.phrasebase.com /forum/read.php?TID=4281 (807 words)

	A Dumbell's Guide to Greek - Introduction
		Koine lasted from the Alexandrian period, 4th century B.C., until the 5th century A.D. Koine had a wide geographical range, being spoken from Gaul to Syria.
		Koine was spoken throughout Asia, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Sicily and the sea islands.
		Koine was such an influence that Roman senators and governors had their decrees translated into this dialect.
	dumbellgreek.gospelcom.net /intro.html (2011 words)

	Abiding In The Word - KOINE GREEK
		This led to the translation of the Old Testament into Koine Greek (as opposed to classical Greek of the philosophers) in the Septuagint (LXX) in Alexandria in the middle of the third century B.C. This is affirmed in the Interpreter's DICTIONARY of the BIBLE (Vol.
		Greek was the main means of communication but the heart language of the people was Aramaic.
		Koine Greek was much more expressive and more easily translated into western Latin based languages and therefore the entire world benefited.
	members.aol.com /abidingitw/koinegreek.html (731 words)

	Greek language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The instrumental case of Mycenaean Greek disappeared in the Archaic period, and the dative-locative of Ancient Greek disappeared in the late Hellenistic.
		Greek's constructing capability is being frequently borrowed by modern languages such as French and English in order to produce monolectic compounds, often by using directly Greek words (e.g.
		Greek is officially recognised as a minority language in parts of Italy and Albania.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Greek_language (2518 words)

	A brief history of the Greek language (English version) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Greek language is of Indo-European origin and is spoken and written primarily in Greece and Cyprus.
		The break in the evolution of language from the 12th to the 8th century coincides with the destruction of the Mycenean civilization by the Dorian invasions and for nearly 4 centuries very little linguistic progress was recorded.
		Also known as Koine Greek it is the most widely spread language of the times due to the empire of Alexander the Great.
	obelix.ee.duth.gr /eft/english/greeklang.html (335 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:ell
		The Greek of Italy and that of Corsica are probably separate languages (R. Zamponi 1992).
		Greeks in Russia and Ukraine speak either Greek or Turkish and are called 'Urums'.
		Malone, Terrell A. The double accusative in Koine Greek: a syntactic study.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=ell (472 words)

	Greek Koine language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The colloquial Koine was expressed in thre language of the Greek Bible.
		Greek Koine had some characteristics which reflect another large step in the development of Greek in whole.
		Koine is the grade lying between the Ancient Greek and the New Greek language.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /tree/gree/koine.html (311 words)

	Learning Biblical Koine Greek
		As one sets out to produce a new beginning Koine Greek grammar, reasons for such an endeavor should be clearly in the mind of the author, as well as be clearly articulated to the potential reader and user.
		Rather, the study of Koine Greek is but a means to a greater goal: to understand the world out of which the New Testament originated.
		After you have identified the component elements of the word, as signaled by the ending, and the root stem meaning of the word, you are now ready to translate the word according to the context in which it is used in the exercises.
	cranfordville.com /classes/gkgrm00.html (4923 words)

	Biblical Greek: Learning New Testament and Septuagint Greek
		Most Greek grammars say a few things that are completely wrong, and most noted authorities on the Greek language have said at least one stupid thing.
		Unfortunately, Greek grammars tend to differ in their use of vocabulary, and most of the ones I will recommend here use linguistic terms and approaches from the last century.
		A Grammatical Analysis of the Greek New Testament, Max Zerwick and Mary Grosvenor.
	www.ibiblio.org /koine (3060 words)

	Synopsis of Classical Greek for Koine Students
		The NT Greek student will need to pay special attention to the case of each word and note its relationship to all others in the clause or sentence.
		Most functions of the optative in Classical Greek are taken over by the subjunctive in the NT, with the exception of a wish or prayer about the future.
		In Classical Greek, the optative is primarily used in dependent clauses after secondary indicative tenses.
	www.uncg.edu /cla/courses/shelmerd/joel/synopsis.htm (758 words)

	Greek - Theopedia
		Scholars generally agree that the 27 books which comprise the New Testament were originally written in Koine Greek, although some maintain Matthew may have originally been written in Aramaic.
		Koine is the Greek word for "common." For some time the Greek language of the New Testament confused many scholars.
		It was sufficiently different from Classical Greek that some hypothesized that it was a combination of Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic.
	www.theopedia.com /Greek (176 words)

	JV: I Iabberioki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		[NT Greek is] Greek as spoken in NT [(Biblical) New Testament] times, called koine Greek ("koine" meaning common or vulgar).
		It was the English of its era--the language of trade, diplomacy, art, etc.--everyone who was anyone spoke his/her own language, plus koine Greek.
		I took NT Greek as a summer-school course, and my translation of "The Jabberwocky" I did basically for my own amusement.
	www76.pair.com /keithlim/jabberwocky/translations/greek1.html (88 words)

	Greek Self Study Materials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Because a student enters a world of Koine Greek and begins to interact with the language directly, without the mediation of a second language.
		A revised and re-recorded edition of the Living Koine Greek, Part 2 is underway.
		Greek texts of the NT and translations are readily available to students.
	www.biblicalulpan.org /pages/greekssmat1.html (956 words)

	learn Ancient / Biblical / Classical / Koine greek CDROM / learning Ancient / Biblical / Classical / Koine Greek ...
		The Greek taught is the language known as Koine, or Alexandrian Greek or Biblical Greek.
		Pictures, sounds, examples from Ancient Greek texts along with their citations, background information on historical aspects that make cited Greek texts more interesting, use of jokes and other fascinating texts are employed in order to add excitement in learning an important but difficult language.
		Part 2 also has large texts that examine the development of Greek over the ages, a speech by Demosthenes on the cost of the shadow of a donkey, several jokes, texts from the New Testament, Aesop fables, a sermon by St. John Chrysostomus on Vanity and other texts.
	www.learnancientgreek.com (914 words)

	Biblical Greek Resources by the Institute of Biblical Greek
		Below these online Biblical Greek aids, we have presented a brief overview of the Insitute of Biblical Greek and its mission to advance education of the language of the New Testament.
		The Institute of Biblical Greek is the sponsor of the National Biblical Greek Exam, which is not only an educational learning tool for students, but it also provides instructors with assessment and analysis of the performance of their classes as well as national trends.
		The National Biblical Greek Exam is the perfect test after completing a beginning Greek class or as a learning tool for those wishing to refresh their Koine Greek skills.
	www.biblicalgreek.org (680 words)

	Learning New Testament Greek - Framed View (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This is most of what is contained in Greek.htm: here as a comment for search engines as of 1/18/97 The words which I have spoken unto you are spirit and are life.
		Greek Grammar Shorter Explanations You can go right to the Greek term you are looking for by using the following list.
		We have included here a full range of books: ones that would be suitable for a person with no knowledge of Greek and ones that are considered some of the most scholarly and complete, advanced Greek grammars.
	www.ntgreek.org /learn_nt_greek/grkindex.htm (400 words)

	KOINE GREEK 101: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This table gives the Greek letters, their names, equivalent English letters, and tips for pronouncing those letters which are pronounced differently from the equivalent English letters.
		You may want to print out this table and glue it to the inside cover of your Greek dictionary.
		In either case, you are going to have to learn the order of the Greek alphabet.
	www.harding.edu /USER/jmfortner/WWW/HIST377GENPronounceKoineGrkWord.htm (607 words)

	Greek Lexicon
		Before Alexander the Great, the Greek language was an assortment of localized dialects.
		By the time the New Testament was written (mid to late 1st century A.D.) koine Greek had become the common language in Israel.
		One of the titles of the Emperor was the koine word, "kurios," (kuriov) which means "Lord." It was a divine title of the emperor!
	www.studylight.org /lex/grk (289 words)

	Koine Greek Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Gignac, Francis T. A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods.
		Lexical Semantics of the Greek NT: A Supplement to the Greek-English Lexicon of the NT Based on Semantic Domains.
		Semantic Change and Semitic Influence in the Greek Bible: With a Study of the Semantic Field of Mind.
	www.biblicalresources.info /pages/nt1/greekbib.html (225 words)

	The Greek Alphabet
		The Erasmian pronunciation is probably different from the way Greek was pronounced at the time of the New Testament, but it is widespread among scholars, and it has the advantage that every letter is pronounced, which makes it easy to grasp the spelling of words.
		There are some scholarly books which attempt to reconstruct the original pronunciation of New Testament Greek, and they have reached the point that there seems to be fairly widespread agreement on the original pronunciation.
		Incidentally, since there was a large variety of Greek dialects, there was no single way to pronounce Greek even in the New Testament era.
	www.ibiblio.org /koine/greek/lessons/alphabet.html (900 words)

	Greek New Testament
		You specify Greek input by typing a Latin transliteration on the keyboard; e.g.
		The system is in its early stages, and it has a few deficiencies of which I am aware (and, no doubt, many more which are obvious to you, the reader).
		If you click on a Greek word, it will turn red and a table will appear, giving information about the word, including its root and grammatical category.
	www-users.cs.york.ac.uk /~fisher/gnt (749 words)

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