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Topic: Korean nobility

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	Nobility - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Initially nobility descended from chivalry (or warrior class) in the feudal stage of the development of a society.
		Originally, knights or nobles were mounted warriors who swore allegiance to their sovereign and promised to fight for him in exchange for allocation of land (usually together with serfs living there).
		Nobility in its most general and strict sense is an acknowledged preeminence that is hereditary, i.e., legitimate descendants (or all male descendants, in some societies) of nobles are nobles, unless explicitly stripped of the privilege.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nobility (814 words)

	Wikipedia: Nobility
		Nobles typically command resources, such as food, money, or labor, from common members of their societies, and may exercise religious or political power over them.
		The liege could be the monarch or another noble, forming a hierarchy, usually with a king at the top.
		Traditional ranks among royalty, peers, and nobles are rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/n/no/nobility.html (619 words)

	Korean Painting (Choson Period: Professional Artists, Folk Painting, Flower and Bird Motif, Calligraphy, Korean ...
		Korean painting was strongly influenced by China over an extensive period of time, but this was not limited to a mere imitation of Chinese models.
		Koreans were greatly confused by these events; yet on the other hand, they felt a great sense of pride as the true successors of Chinese culture.
		Korean painting of the 1980s was largely a reaction to the modernism of the 1970s.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/korea/painting.htm (5848 words)

	Korean Music
		Korean traditional music can be roughly divided into two major categories, chong-ak and sog-ak: music for the ruling class and for the common people, respectively.
		Hyang-ak simply means native Korean music, a noted example of which is Sujech'on, a piece of instrumental music often claimed to be at least 1,300 years old, which would predate the first compilation of Gregorian chants.
		When the term is used in the context of Korean classical music, however, it refers to a type of ensemble music for the nobility.
	www.geocities.com /CollegePark/Theater/6580/music.html (2804 words)

	WES SPORT TAEKWONDO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A Korean art, Taekwondo is translated as "the way of the foot and fist," or "the way of kicking and punching." Like the Korean people, Taekwondo has had a long and difficult history.
		During these invasions, the Korean people organized themselves into militias and fought using subak (taekkyon at this time was refered again as subak) and guerilla tactics, ultimately forcing the invaders to leave.
		Korean martial arts were influenced by many techniques from Japan, Okinawa, and China, and were combined with taekkyon’s foot techniques to form new Korean martial arts styles.
	www.wesleyan.edu /wsa/wtftkd/history.htm (2967 words)

	Prince of Wales Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the Russian system, ''"knyaz"'' (translated as "prince"), is the highest degree of nobility, and sometimes, represents a mediatization of an older native dynasty which became subject to the Imperial RussiaRussian imperial dynasty.
		In ancient China, the title of prince developed from being the highest title of Chinese nobilitynobility (synonymous with duke) in the Zhou Dynasty, to five grades of princes (not counting the sons and grandsons of the emperor) by the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
		In Japan,the title of prince (kôshaku 公爵) was used as the highest title of kazoku(華族Japanese modern nobility) and Chôsen kizoku(朝鮮貴族Korean nobility) before the present constitution.
	www.echostatic.com /Prince_of_Wales.html (685 words)

	China History Forum, online chinese history forum > Korean History in a nutshell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1392 a Korean general, Yi Seonggye, was sent to China to campaign against the Ming Dynasty, but instead he allied himself with the Chinese, and returned to overthrow the Goryeo king and establish a new dynasty.
		According to Korean legend, one of the Jinhan states, the kingdom of Saro (present-day Gyeongju) was founded by Bak Hyeokgeose in 57 BC, who united the leading clans of the district under his rule.
		Korean sources recorded 18 BC as the establishment of Baekje; two Goguryeo princes fled out of conflict to be the successor, and established Baekje in the southwest of the peninsula.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /lofiversion/index.php/t1898.html (17604 words)

	Nobility - TheBestLinks.com - Nobles, Caste, French Revolution, Feudal society, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nobles, Nobility, Caste, French Revolution, Feudal society, Heraldry, India...
		Typically, nobility descends from chivalry (or warrior class) in the feudal stage of the development of a society.
		In the modern age, the notion of inherited nobility with special rights has become, in the Western World, increasingly impopular.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Nobles.html (478 words)

	Land, reviewed by Chun
		Land is an epic of anonymous nobility which cuts across class lines: the traditional value accorded in Korea to family lineage and to advanced learning by design is rendered dubious in a story that scrutinizes character and human values in the broadest possible range of situations.
		The resonance her dialogue bears for Korean readers is largely untranslatable into English, but this style of writing is Park's forte as a realist and enhances her appeal.
		Often, idiomatic Korean forms of address that have no simple English equivalents are simply retained (in italics) with no explanation at all.
	koreaweb.ws /ks/ksr/ksr98-03.htm (1067 words)

	Korean Translation - Translate Korean Language Translator
		Korean is considered by many to be a member of the Altaic family, but its proper classification is not universally agreed on.
		Korean is often classified as being a separate language in a family of its own (a language isolate).
		Korean's seeming similarities to Chinese (of the Sino-Tibetan family), especially vocabulary and certain pronunciations, are superficial and not genetic.
	www.translation-services-usa.com /languages/korean.shtml (2041 words)

	North Korea: History
		The Japanese were cruel to the North Koreans; they raped their women and used Korean labor to build up Japanese social and industrial infrastructure to supply the Japanese islands with goods.
		Koreans were forced to worship at Shinto shrines, a burden to all Koreans because most Koreans were Christian and Christianity forbade them from worshiping any non-Christian images.
		The Japanese rule, however, bred a strong feeling of Korean nationalism in the people; they were anxious for freedom and independence and vowed to never again to be dominated by another country.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~avbogusk/classweb/northkorea/history.html (2074 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		As it is literally translated from the Korean, Tae means "to kick" or "to strike with the foot", Kwon means "fist" or "to strike with the hand", and Do means "discipline" or "art".
		Prior to the Yi dynasty (1397-1907) the art was restricted to the military nobility, but the first book was written to promote the art among the general public.
		Korean patriots, fueled by hatred of their oppressors, organized themselves into underground factions and traveled to remote Buddist temples to study the martial arts.
	karenmitchellstaekwondo.com /TaekHistory.htm (1085 words)

	ORIGIN THEORIES
		The process of unifying the Korean language was accelerated in the 10th century when the Koryo Dynasty replaced the Shilla and moved the capital from Kyoungju, the Shilla capital in the south, to Kaesong, a more centrally located capital.
		Although the Korean language was becoming the dominant medium in the country, Tungusic, which an aggressive Koguryo tribe had previously carried down to mid-Korea, was influencing the Korean language.
		The Korean language was outlawed in schools and was discouraged in the home producing a group of Koreans far better at Japanese than Korean.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/korean2.html (848 words)

	AM Seeking Out Non-Asian Women \| Asian American Issues \| GoldSea
		If a Korean American man feels his viewpoints would be more attuned to a Korean American woman, then this could suggest that the man has been limited to a culturally Korean environment in the U.S., bereft of marked exposure and interaction with other peoples.
		A Korean American woman is not a prerequisite for a Korean American man to share and discuss his views of the world, nor is it for a Korean American woman.
		But, in final analysis as some Korean dude stated, the differences in culture and obstacles that I'll have to overcome to marry a woman of African ancestry is so humongous that I can't fathom such a union even in my dream.
	goldsea.com /Air/Issues/Irmen/irmen_20520.html (5340 words)

	Literature of Unified Silla: 668-935 (from Korean literature) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The old Silla kingdom had forged an alliance with T'ang China (618–907) and had conquered the kingdom of Paekche to the southeast in 660 and the northern Korean kingdom of Koguryo—largest of the three—in 668.
		The name is often applied to those imaginative works of poetry and prose distinguished by the intentions of their authors and the excellence of their execution.
		There is an ancient Korean legend about Tangun, the son of a sky god and a she-bear, whose reign over the land that became Korea began in 2333 BC.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-61955 (833 words)

	Korean History - Early Choson Period
		Aware that his people must have a writing system designed to express the language of their everyday speech, and desirous that all his subjects be able to learn and use it, King Sejong impelled scholars of the Hall of Worthies to devise the alphabet.
		The Korean alphabet, which consists of 11 vowels and 17 consonants, posses geometric beauty, simplicity and scientific accuracy, and as such, can be learned by an uneducated man in a matter of hours.
		He had a notation system for Korean as well as Chinese music devised or revised, and had on of his talented subject, Pak Yon, improve Korea's musical instruments as well as commissioned the writing of music for Korean musicians.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/korea/history/early_choson_period.htm (3847 words)

	New Exhibit (Pacific Asia Museum) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Korean Costumes through the Ages will be the first exhibition of its kind in Southern California to trace the development of Korean dress, or hanbok, from the Three Kingdoms Period (1st century BC- AD 668) to the modern period.
		From as early as the Goryeo period, vivid colors such as strong reds, blues, yellow, and greens were combined in bold striped patterns to create a colorful rainbow effect on the skirts or sleeves of a woman’s dress.
		To accompany this exhibition, a Korean American Timeline designed by Hesed Choi and lent by the artist and the Korean American Pioneer Council will be on view upstairs in the former contemporary gallery.
	www.pacificasiamuseum.org /calendar/kcostumesmore.htm (619 words)

	Korean Traditional Archery Demonstration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Thomas Duvernay, who is a graduate student in the Professional Application of Korean Studies program at the IIC and teaches at the Dongkuk University in Kyŏngju, Korea, sent the following report from his home state, Michigan.
		Western archers are very fascinated with the Korean style of shooting (which requires a thumb ring, called a ‘kkagji (깍지)’ in Korean), and the equipment (horn bows/bamboo arrows and modern laminated versions, with carbon arrows).
		Anyone who has an interest in Korean archery should give it a try– it is good for both the body and the mind, plus it is a great bridge to Korea’s ancient culture.
	www.iic.edu /news/m_news_020802.html (419 words)

	TAE KWON DO
		During the second half of the Yi dynasty, the art returned to its primarily fitness-oriented purpose and was at this time passed down and spread by the general population, due to de-emphasis of military activity in favor of more scholarly pursuits.
		In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, President Syngman Rhee watched a half-hour demonstration by Korean martial arts masters and was so impressed that he ordered training to become a part of regular military training.
		It was not long before the U.S. was first exposed to the Korean martial arts: a master was sent to Fort Benning, Georgia for special training in radio communications, where he demonstrated his art to both the military and the public.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Pagoda/1876/taekwon.htm (1525 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Korean War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A postcolonial civil war between Korean political factions that began in 1945, the Korean War became an international struggle in June 1950.
		The Korean War began in September 1945 when the United States and the Soviet Union forces, by prior agreement, entered a liberated Korea to keep order and to disarm the Japanese army of occupation at the end of World War II.
		For almost a year, the Korean War swept as far south as the Taegu-Pusan perimeter and as far north as the Yalu River.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/ml_027800_koreanwar2.htm (2236 words)

	[No title]
		From Koreans in Japan: Ethnic Conflict and Accommodation by Changsoo Lee and George De Vos with contributions by Dae-Gyun Chung, Thomas Rohlen, Yuzura Sasaki, Hiroshi Wagatsuma, and William Wetherall.
		The Japanese scientists who entered the burial chamber were astounded by the beautiful frescoes adorning the four walls with images reflecting the social life of a nobility wearing dress indistiguishable from that worn in the ancient states of the Korean peninsula.
		By reference to Chinese and Korean sources, he found that traditional founding date for the Japanese nation (approximately 660 B.C.) was impossible and that Japanese mythical chronology for the third and fourth centuries A.D.was systematically off by two sixty-year cycles or 120 years.
	www.dpg.devry.edu /~akim/sck/jpn6.htm (1081 words)

	Korean views on Chinese and Japanese morality - Pet Sins Webzine May 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		I read the article Korean slurs Japanese and Chinese culture and morality, which claims Chinese and Japanese are more sexually loose than Koreans.
		[The Korean king] initiated the hwarang (a group of 'handsome youths' from the nobility, who were trained to serve the court as performers as well as warriors)...
		So anyway, even medieval Koreans believed that the Chinese were lustful and low-minded in their male-male relationships at court, while the Koreans were virtuous and high-minded.
	www.colorq.org /petsins/article.asp?y=2005&m=5&x=5_4 (295 words)

	Seattle Art Museum: Exhibition Information
		Korean Sensibilities is a joint exhibition being presented at both SAM downtown and SAAM Volunteer Park.
		Throughout history, the Korean use of color has been influenced by everything from shamanism to the principles of yin and yang, introduced from China.
		Though the use of vivid and delicate color was rigidly limited to people of the court and nobility during the Choson period (1392-1910), the general public began to use it in the late nineteenth century with Western modernization.
	www.seattleartmuseum.org /exhibit/exhibitDetail.asp?WHEN=&eventID=3395 (180 words)

	Twinning Days 2004 Tales - fondation privée 'europa korea' private foundation - europe corée - europe korea
		A specific character to the Korean tales is the tokkaebi, also called "demon with one leg" or "spirit of darkness and nihil".
		The dragon of the Korean tales is not a malicious dragon and with several heads, but rather a king-Dragon, sovereign of the seas and the rivers, rain and thunder, flashes and airs.
		Other characters of the Korean tales are the buddhist monks, as well as the wise hermits, who know the mysteries of nature, incarnation, and of the elixirs of life ensuring longevity even immortality.
	korea.be /content/view/42/120 (1521 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Saint Andrew Kim Taegon
		Korean nobility; his parents were converts, his father a martyr.
		Andrew was baptized at age 15, then travelled 1,300 miles to the nearest seminary in Macao.
		The Korean Church is unique because it was founded entirely by laypeople.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/sainta54.htm (217 words)

	[No title]
		He was personally engaged in an amazing range of projects, from agriculture, calendrical mathematics, geography, medicine, law and printing to history, literature, music, and the Confucian classics, publishing a number of important works in a wide variety of fields.
		Only nobility and >scholars were able to read and write in Chinese, something >very few out of their ranks could achieve.
		The Korean Alphabet: Its History and Structure Edited by Young-Key Kim-Renaud The Korean alphabet, commonly known as Han'gul, has been called one of the great intellectual achievements of humankind.
	www.dpg.devry.edu /~akim/sck/hangul2.htm (695 words)

	Korean Architecture: Kim Yu-Sin's tomb, Gyeongju
		Kim Yu-Shin was a prominent general who contributed mightily Silla's unification of the Korean peninsula in 668.
		Born the great-grandson of King Guhae, the last king of the Gaya kingdom, Kim lived the privileged life of the nobility.
		Kim is perhaps the most revered of all Korean generals, respected even in his lifetime.
	www.orientalarchitecture.com /kyongju/KIMYUSIN.htm (370 words)

	Asia Times: China
		Two of a group of five Koreans rushed into the consulate, while the others were detained.
		The Japanese government accused Beijing of violating the Vienna Convention and demanded an explanation and the handover of the five Koreans to Japan.
		The North Korean government has long caused trouble for China: starting with the Korean War in the 1950s, which cost more than a million Chinese lives, transformed China and America from friends into enemies, and gave China nearly 30 years of international isolation.
	www.atimes.com /china/DE31Ad05.html (702 words)

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