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Topic: Korela Fortress

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	Priozersk Museum of Local History and Culture
		Korela was first mentioned in a Novgorodian chronicle of 1143 A.D. and archeological digs revealed the layer of the 12th century.
		The defense wall of the fortress is added with the Stary (Old) Arsenal of 1591 with thick cobblestone walls and the Novy (New) Arsenal erected in the early 18th century.
		Swedish coins of the 17th century, pipes and dibs are among the objects found in the fortress and displayed in the archeological collection of the museum.
	www.oblmuseums.spb.ru /eng/museums/22/guide.html (736 words)

	Small Towns of Russia > Small Towns > Priozersk
		The general sights of the town are the monuments in the territory of the former fortress — the gate tower of the 17th century, the building of the construction of the 16th century inside of the fortress court (the old arsenal and the powder cellar).
		Formerly the fortress Korela was on an island of the river Vuoksa (its ancient name was Uzerva, Uzorva), but because of the downturn of a level of the water in the river one of the sleeves of the ancient channel dried up, and the fortress appeared not on the island, but on a cape.
		Korela grown up and occupied except the basic island the island Spassky and also the northern coast of the river Vuoksa (behind the Fedorovsky canal) and the southern coast of this river (the settlement on the "Nut side").
	www.towns.ru /towns/priozersk_e.html (1673 words)

	Fortress Ups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Fortress Louisbourg (in, ''Forteresse de Louisbourg'') is a Canadian National Historic Site and the location of a partial reconstruction of an 18th century French fortress at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia.
		The Hidden Fortress employs a non-traditional structure with respect to the characters, whereby the audience is gradually introduced to each character--often through layers of misdirection.
		Korela Fortress, at the town of Priozersk, was founded by the Karelians who named the place ''Käkisalmi.'' Novogorodian chronicles refer to it as ''Korela.'' It was first mentioned in a Novgorodian chronicle of 1143 and archeological digs have revealed a layer belonging to the 12th century.
	www.blownspeakers.com /pages3/34/fortress-ups.html (1101 words)

	Karelian isthmus - Vuoksa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Earlier the fortress was on the island in the middle of Vuoksa Eastern arm, from which there has remained only a small channel.
		The Korela fortress for the first time was mentioned in 1295 in connection with an attack of the Swedish group from Viborg.
		In 1583 under conditions of the peace agreement Korela was handed to the Swedes, and they totally reconstructed the tower and built stone walls with two bastions instead of wooden ones.
	www.ex-travel.ru /eng/vuoksa/index2.html (1145 words)

	Small Towns of Russia > Small Towns > Ivangorod
		This fortress was completed and extended from the 15th to 17th centuries and represented a complex of defensive structures.
		To east part of the former fortress the new rectangular fortress, considerably superior on the sizes, subsequently received the name of the Large Bojarshy city, was adjoined.
		In spite of the fact that the fortress ensemble was formed during a significant period of time (from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century), the Ivangorod fortress represents a logically completed architectural product.
	www.towns.ru /towns/ivangorod_e.html (1572 words)

	priozersk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The ruined ramparts and towers of the old Korela Fortress are situated on the bank of the Vuoksi, still visible when traveling to the town from Saint Petersburg, and a popular excursion resort.
		Priozersk was known as Korela and Käkisalmi in Karelian/Finnish, Keksholm/Kexholm in Swedish, and Кексгольм (Keksgolm) in Russian.
		The Swedes captured Korela twice: in 1580 for 17 years and in 1611 for 100 years (the Kexholm County).
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /priozersk.html (307 words)

	Korela Fortress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Korela Fortress, at the town of Priozersk, was founded by the Karelians who named the place Käkisalmi.
		It was first mentioned in a Novgorodian chronicle of 1143 and archeological digs have revealed a layer belonging to the 12th century.
		In the mid-18th century, the fortress was turned into a political prison.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/korela_fortress (191 words)

	Peter and Paul Fortress
		Under the Provisional Government hundreds of Tsarist officials were held in the Fortress, for their protection from the angry people.
		The Tsar was threatened with being incarcerated at the Fortress on his return from Mogilev to Tsarskoe Selo on March 8 (J), the threat was not followed through and he was placed under house arrest.
		At 02.10 on the morning of October 26 (J) the Winter Palace was taken by forces under Antonov-Ovseenko, the captured ministers were taken to the Fortress as prisoners.
	en.efactory.pl /Peter_and_Paul_Fortress (474 words)

	History of Karelia and Helulia village
		The name "Korela" has originated, possibly, from "Koru ela" ("she ate bark" in Russian) - Karelian soil is very rocky and it was extremely difficult to cultivate wheat there, therefore Karelians very often added powdered tree bark to flour when making bread, and that, probably, contributed to the formation of such a name.
		Tiversk and Korela in the Priozersk area; Lopotti, Linnavuori and Linnamaki in the Kurkiyoki area; Suur-Mikli in the Lahdenpohya area and Paaso in the Sortavala area, next to Helulia.
		In 1323 in the Orekhovets fortress (Oreshek, Pähkinasaari, Noteburg), which was founded that same year at the source of the Neva river in the Ladoga lake, the Noteburg (Pähkinasaari) peace treaty was signed.
	helyla.onego.ru /history_eng.html (6326 words)

	"Wandering Camera" - Notes about St.Petersburg and it's suburbs
		Though the fortress itself is considered to be the monument of the novgorod architecture if XIV century (the city used to be the "suburb" of Great Novgorod as well as, for instance, Oreshek, Koporie, Old Ladoga), however it was often rebuilt owing to the storms and fires.
		From XVIII the fortress was used as the prison.
		The monument was established not far from the fortress on the 5th of May 2000 - in the memory of the battles for Karelian Isthmus.
	www.enlight.ru /camera/144/index_e.html (714 words)

	' + WindowTitle + ' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		In the 12th century trading quarters developed outside the fortress walls to form a medieval town with the fortress as its center.
		During the same period the fortress was rebuilt and became pentagonal.
		In 1984 the museum of local lore, history and economy was given the status of the federal open-air museum of history, architecture and archeology.
	www.oldladoga.spb.ru /eng/history (1208 words)

	Korela Fortress -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Korela Fortress, at the town of (Click link for more info and facts about Priozersk) Priozersk, was founded by the (A region in Finland and Russia between the Gulf of Finland and the White Sea) Karelians who named the place Käkisalmi.
		It was first mentioned in a (A city in northwestern Russia on the Volkhov River; Russia's oldest city and an important trading center in the Middle Ages) Novgorodian chronicle of 1143 and archeological digs have revealed a layer belonging to the (Click link for more info and facts about 12th century) 12th century.
		Soon after seizure of the fortress in 1580, the Swedes rebuilt the fortress following a Western European pattern of (A stronghold into which people could go for shelter during a battle) bastion fortifications.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ko/korela_fortress.htm (220 words)

	Priozersk Museum of Local History and Culture
		The original fortress had been built by the Karelians, then it was taken by the Novgorodians and referred as the Korela fortress in their chronicles of the 12th century.
		The original design of the fortress did not survive through the ages and its present look took shape in the late 16th century.
		The museum exhibit is displayed in the building of the New Arsenal being a part of the defense wall of the fortress.
	www.oblmuseums.spb.ru /eng/museums/22/info.html (254 words)

	Encyclopedia: Gediminas, Duke of Lithuania
		He protected the Catholic as well as the Orthodox clergy, encouraging them both to civilize his subjects; he raised the Lithuanian army to the highest state of efficiency then attainable; defended his borders with a chain of strong fortresses; and built numerous towns including Vilnius, the capital (first mentioned ca 1321).
		At first he moved the capital city to the newly built city of Trakai, but in 1323 re-established a permanent capital in Vilnius, on the site of the capital of King Mindaugas, formerly called Voruta.
		Fortress of Ladoga (Ladozhskaya krepost) Narimantas (Narymunt, Gleb, ca 1277 â€“ 2 February 1348) was the Prince of Pinsk 13??
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gediminas,-Duke-of-Lithuania (6046 words)

	The Sieges and Defences of Korela Fortress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		This fortress stood on the islands of Vuoksa river near Ladoga Lake.
		The siege of Korela fortress was begun in autumn of 1610.
		Korela was defended by several hundred soldiers and over two thousand inhabitants - russians and karelians.
	www.visitkarelia.com /karelhi/karelhi7.html (409 words)

	Ingermanland, Ingria (incl. St.Petersburg) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		~1240: The fortress Koporje (in wood, in the Lomonosov Region) was inhabited by German knights.
		1323: The fortress Oreshek (Orekhovyn, Schlüsselburg) was built (in wood) by Novgorodians on the island Orekhovets,(Nötön, "The Nut Island", now Petrokrepost) at the meeting of the Neva river and Lake Ladoga, to defend their land from the Swedes (at the same place as the old Swedish fortress Nöteborg).
		1612-1702: The fortress Oreshek was populated by the Swedes
	www.eccentrix.com /members/figge33/inkeri/ingria.htm (2249 words)

	The St. Petersburg Times - News - Chivalry on Show at Knights' Meet
		Clad in medieval garb, two enthusiasts slog it out during a mock sword fight during a gathering at the Korela fortress on Friday.
		However, the mood was ebullient in the 9th century fortress of Korela, as scores of enthusiasts gathered for a two-day celebration of medieval European weaponry and martial arts, which culminated in Saturday's re-enactment of the storming of the fortress by Russian soldiers in 1295.
		The main rules are that the knights must avoid hitting their opponents' hands, feet and groin, and that the blows must be hard.
	www.sptimes.ru /story/995 (697 words)

	Articles - Kingisepp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The town was first documented in 1384, when the Novgorodians built there a fortress against the Swedes.
		The fortress withstood sieges by the Teutonic Knights in 1395 and from 1444 to 1448.
		At the end of the Livonian War, it was ceded to Sweden, only to be returned 12 years later, in 1595.
	www.estorea.com /articles/Kingisepp (236 words)

	Mr
		Each of these PS are created around Attanagala, the SLFP fortress, by carving out a small portion the SLFP vote bank and annexing it with the larger UNP stronghold in order to marginalize SLFP seats.
		The defeat of the SLFP in the Gampaha district during the last Parliamentary election, for the first time, could be partially attributed to this factor.
		It is interesting to note that the third and the fourth most populated DSs in Sri Lanka are the Nuwara Eliya DS and the Ambagmuwa Korela of N’Eliya districts respectively.
	www.lines-magazine.org /textaugust03/Kader_1.htm (1619 words)

	Russia's Time of troubles
		Sigismund III of Poland (bitter enemy of Charles IX) responded by invading Russia and attempting to seize the vital fortress of Smolensk.
		Vasilii had promised the fortress of Korela to Charles IX of Sweden, but its garrison refused to hand it over.
		A Swedish army invaded northern Russia and seized Korela in March 1611.
	faculty.history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/351-10.htm (2018 words)

	Kommersant - Russia's Daily Online
		During this period, the people of Novgorod built the fortresses of Yam, Kopor’e, Oreshek, Korela, and Tiversky Gorodok in order to defend Russia’s northwestern borders.
		During the Time of Troubles in the early 17th century, the northwestern part of the country was occupied by the Swedes and Russia was cut off from the Baltic Sea.
		In May 1703, Peter began building a new fortress known as St. Petersburg in order to secure the outlet to the Baltic Sea; and in spring 1704, the fort of Kronshlot (now Kronstadt) was built in the Gulf of Finland.
	www.kommersant.com /tree.asp?rubric=5&node=394&doc_id=-117 (3192 words)

	Mauri Rastas: "History of Karelia"
		The old Novgorodian/Russian name Korela of the town of Käkisalmi, in Swedish Kexholm has been derivated from it, and is pronounced karjela.
		Three main parts of the whole Karelia are shown in the map.
		It should be mentioned that The Tzar Peter the Great already in 1703 had started building a fortress, Peter-Paul, in the middle of Ingernland, which already at that time was Finnish territory.
	www.kolumbus.fi /rastas/eng_carel.html (2858 words)

	Wendy M. Grossman . Scientific American . Wired News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Mario NES & Game Boy - Puzzle game with mechanics similar to...
		Sweden Swedish chronicles first reported of the settlement of Korela Keksholm in Swedish language Swedish in 1294.
		The Swedes captured Korela twice: in 1580 for 17 years and in 1611 for...
	www.uk.kunsimuna.net /Wendy_M._Grossman_UK_317133_fn (517 words)

	"Wandering Camera" - Notes about St.Petersburg (Russia) and its suburbs
		Part II: Peter and Paul fortress, Ioann's bridge, Mihaylovsky castle, Mihaylovsky palace
		International festival of sands' sculpture on the beach of Peter and Paul fortress
		Spring collection: Palace square, Kamenny island, centre of the city
	www.enlight.ru /camera/index2_e.htm (602 words)

	BYLINY OF ILYA OF MUROM (ILYA MUROMETS)
		What sort of a barrier is this of yours-what manner of stern fortress?
		But now I beheld the traces of a horse's gallop, of a heroic ride.
		Hardly had he passed Korela the Accursed, not yet had he attained to India the Rich, when he entered a gloomy forest.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/IlyaMur.html (13449 words)

	Intourist Petrozavodsk LTD - Travel to Karelia - Cities, reservation at hotels
		Intourist Petrozavodsk LTD - Travel to Karelia - Cities, reservation at hotels
		// Travel to Karelia > Cities, reservation at hotels > Priozersk > State Fortress-Museum "Korela" > Museums
		The main exposition is situated in the New Arsenal, which was built by Suvorov's soldiers.
	www.intourist.onego.ru /eng/karelia/cities/priozersk/korelamuseum.html (110 words)

	Consistency List - PERSONAL NAMES (I-P) (Soloviev)
		Ivan, ataman of cossack fortress "Riga" 21 17c
		Pesoczynski, castellan of Kamenets, Polish ambassador 17 1634-45
		Peter, cossack lieutenant in "Riga" fortress 21 17c
	www.ai-press.com /SolclPNI-P.html (3301 words)

	RussiaForYou.com Links directory, classified ads. All about Russia. Directory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Artworks about the sights: museum the "fortress Of korela", The konevskiy monastery, Losevo settlement and other article about tourism and leisure
		List of the stores of tourist goods in Moscow.
		Information about Leningrad region: the history of powder plant and Of morozovka settlement; Ladoga lake, Gulf of Finland, fortress is nut, river the Neva.
	www.russiaforyou.com /ls.php?lang=en&E=4828 (612 words)

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