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Topic: Kororareka

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Russell, New Zealand

Whangarei, New Zealand

Franklin (district), New Zealand

Bay of Islands

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History of New Zealand

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List of New Zealand place names and their meanings

	Russell, New Zealand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By 1840 it was an important mercantile center and served as a vital resupply port for whaling and sealing operations.
		Kororareka was part of the Port of Russell and after Russell (Okiato) was virtually deserted, Kororareka gradually became known as Russell also.
		At the beginning of the Flagstaff War in 1845, the town of Kororareka was sacked by Hone Heke.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kororareka (385 words)

	Russell :: Kororareka - History :: Whaling Pre-Treaty
		A visiting English artist Augustus Earle recorded seeing a group of tradesmen, "a respectable body of Scotch mechanicshere is heard daily the sound of the sawpit, while piles of neat white planks appear arranged on the beach".
		When the whaling ships were in port and crews loose on shore leave grogshops and brothels did a roaring trade and life on the waterfront was rough, rowdy and sometimes violent.
		Law and order in the settlement was largely non-existent despite a local vigilante group and the appointment of a British resident at Waitangi so responsible settlers at Kororareka decided to sign a petition to the British king William IV asking for the benefit of British government.
	www.russell.gen.nz /hist_wha.htm (395 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Okiato (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Kororareka (present-day Russell) was discounted as it had insufficient available land and locations such as Paihia and Kerikeri were bypassed for various reasons.
		Kororareka was part of the Port of Russell and gradually became known as Russell also.
		In January 1844 Governor Robert FitzRoy officially designated Kororareka as part of the township of Russell.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Okiato (403 words)

	Russell New Zealand Visitor Information - history accommodation attractions walks and services - NZ's first capital city (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		By 1840 Kororareka was the largest European settlement in the country, by which time it had become an important whaling, sealing and mercantile centre where hundreds of ships called each year.
		During the 1845 attack on Kororareka (Russell) there was a clash on the southern boundary of the churchyard between seamen from HMS Hazard and Heke's men.
		After the sack of Kororareka (Russell) in 1845 and when it became apparent that the town would not regain its former importance, Bishop Pompallier moved the mission to Auckland and, in 1856, sold the building for £375 to James Callaghan, who used it as a tannery.
	www.tapeka.com /russell.htm (2825 words)

	APRU - Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The ebb and flow during the early period is demonstrated in the ongoing rivalry and intermittent skirmishing between different hapu for prominence in interaction and control of the main trading centres such as Kororareka.
		This bay was the focus of shipping visits, along with Kororareka, from about 1815 to 1825, as the writing of Duperrey, commander of the French naval vessel La coquille, and his lieutenant Dumont d’Urville attest.
		Earle’s text describes the arrival of Hongi at Kororareka early one morning, and the response this elicited from the local Ngati Manu population.
	www.usc.edu /ext-relations/news_service/apruwww/StudentPapers/FinishedPapers/MiddletonPaper.html (3324 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > First Maori War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Furthermore he was told by American and French traders that the British flag flying over the town of Kororareka[?] signified slavery for the Maori.
		Then in June 1844 a girl from his tribe went to live with an English butcher in Kororareka and defied his orders to return to the tribe.
		At the end of that year he revisited Kororareka with a large force of men and could have destroyed the town once again.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/fi/First_Maori_War (3275 words)

	James Reddy Clendon - Plagiarism on Wikipedia
		An indication of his standing in the community was his appointment as president of the New Zealand Banking Company, which opened New Zealand's first bank at Kororareka in September 1840.
		Clendon's commercial pre-eminence was assured when, on 12 October 1838, he was empowered to act as United States consul in New Zealand; but he could not assume full consular status, there being no government to which he could be accredited.
		After the war he continued in office at Kororareka, by then renamed Russell, and conducted a census of the European population of the north in 1846.
	www.wikipedia-watch.org /plagiarism/0091.html (1104 words)

	KORORAREKA - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		Kororareka's grog shops were notorious, although their conditions were probably exaggerated by the missionaries.
		On 23 May 1838 the Kororareka Association was formed, consisting of a president and committee of management elected by the local residents, with supervision over a well-defined portion of the Bay of Islands.
		A few months later when the seat of government was removed to Auckland, Russell was destroyed by fire, and, as Kororareka was part of the Port of Russell, it gradually assumed the latter's name.
	www.teara.govt.nz /1966/K/Kororareka/Kororareka/en (608 words)

	Whalers Begin to Settle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Even ocean whaling created coastal haunts—yes, and homes—where refitting was done and time spent while awaiting the next convenient foray.’ And his family’ occurs in not a few records of the planting of these abodes meant for regular resort.
		In great part, this provision against recurring wants ashore accounts the earliest white invasion of Kororareka in the Bay of Islands, afterwards to be known as Russell, and there, before the days of British rule, attracted many at a loose end in life.
		Kororareka, in 1836, as drawn by J.S. Polack.
	www.colonialcdbooks.com /whalers_begin_to_settle.htm (413 words)

	Origins of the New Zealand Army (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		At Kororareka, Auckland and Wanganui 'volunteer' units sprang up and were quickly organised into squads and commenced formal training programmes under ex-regular soldiers.
		In addition, a Kororareka Volunteer unit, the 'civil guard', was raised and trained to supplement the troops.
		Unlike previous panics which tended to be very localized affairs, the anxiety caused by the fall of Kororareka spread throughout the colony.
	www.militarybadges.info /nz-army/page/02-origins.htm (1378 words)

	Footnotes to History- K and L
		Kororareka Association- Before New Zealand was annexed by Great Britain, it was overrun by foreign traders and settlers, all of whom were nominally the subjects of local Maori chiefs.
		Exasperated with the sheer non-Britishness of this system, a group of settlers at Kororareka organized the Association to guard their lives and property.
		Judicial decisions were swift, and punishment ranged from stiff fines and horsewhipping to giving the most hardened criminals three coats of tar and feathers.
	www.buckyogi.com /footnotes/natkl.htm (5933 words)

	Kororareka - A Frontier of Chaos? - NZHistory.net.nz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		By the 1830s, Kororareka (Russell as it is now known) was the biggest whaling port in the southern hemisphere.
		Kororareka became New Zealand's first capital after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.
		During the fighting Kororareka was attacked and many of its buildings destroyed.
	www.nzhistory.net.nz /culture/frontierofchaos-kororareka (582 words)

	A Letter from the Bishop of New Zealand
		I was at Paihia at the time, engaged in the native school, at the close of which, the first words which I heard were "kua hinga te kara;" "the colour has fallen." I shuddered at the thought of this beginning of hostilities, so full of presage of evil for the future.
		Heké published beforehand his determination to attack Kororareka, the day on which it was to be done, and even the particulars of his plan for the assault.
		An inhabitant of Kororareka, residing near the house of Bishop Pompallier, had concealed a store of specie in the pannell of his house, amounting, it is said, to two thousand pounds.
	anglicanhistory.org /nz/spg12.html (6894 words)

	DNZB / BIOGRAPHY
		Whiria was related to Tara of Kororareka (Russell) and to his heir, Te Whareumu, also of Ngati Manu.
		Kororareka, the most important anchorage and trading centre in the Bay of Islands, was the great prize for which the northern alliance of Nga Puhi hapu had been angling for some years; the quarrel of the women had merely provided the excuse.
		But some of Pomare's people participated in the spoils when Kororareka was sacked, and the government claimed to have intercepted treasonous letters from Pomare to Potatau Te Wherowhero.
	www.dnzb.govt.nz /dnzb/Essay_Body.asp?PersonEssay=1P20&QuickSearch=true (1193 words)

	Kawiti and the Northern War
		Kororareka along with its flagstaff was destroyed with property damage estimated at 50,000 pounds.
		Neither chief intended to sack Kororareka but no general in the world could prevent his soldiers looting an empty town full of rum.
		The loss of the fifth largest European settlement in New Zealand was a bitter blow to European immigration and the expansion of the infant colony.
	www.historyorb.com /nz/kawiti.shtml (808 words)

	NZ Colonial War Scenarios
		The only really playable scenario at the moment is the Fall of Kororareka although Ruapekapeka is shaping up.
		Kororareka was a major trading and ship provisioning centre.
		The British forces in Kororareka were ordered to defend the town and not to initiate hostilities.
	www.balagan.org.uk /war/nz/1845/scenarios.htm (3514 words)

	Chapter 2: The Beach at Kororareka \| NZETC
		Kororareka—the modern Russell—remains to-day a place apart, curiously little advanced, at any rate in population, by the passage of three-quarters of a century, and shorn of its ancient commercial glory; a sedate, pretty seaside township where the round of life in a delicious climate is seldom disturbed by intrusive shipping.
		This drawing, from a sketch by Captain Clayton, of Kororareka, 10th March, 1845, shows the town as it was on the day before its destruction by Hone Heke and Kawiti.
		The white population of Kororareka in its days of prosperity was about a thousand; by 1845 this number had fallen to some four hundred.
	www.nzetc.org /tm/scholarly/tei-Cow01NewZ-c2.html (1667 words)

	Puke Ariki - Library - Review - Hell-Hole in the Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Kororareka, now Russell, has become something of a backwater, but Wolfe's book recalls the town's rollicking colonial past.
		But Kororareka may have been the seed bed for the tolerant society that New Zealand has developed into.
		It was biting all the houses into bits; tossing their limbs up under exploding oil barrels; running in glowing rivers to the sea," an observer reported.
	www.taranakimuseum.org.nz /en/library/rev_h_7.asp (296 words)

	DNZB / BIOGRAPHY
		In February 1845, in response to the growing tension in the Bay of Islands, the Hazard was dispatched to Kororareka (Russell), where her crew worked on the town's defences and attempted to counter attacks on the property of settlers in the area.
		On 4 March 1845 he and a midshipman were captured near Kororareka by a group of Kawiti's warriors, but were later released unharmed.
		Those responsible for the defence of Kororareka have been much criticised, and certainly Phillpotts's inexperience and a want of sound judgement were evident during the battle.
	www.dnzb.govt.nz /dnzb/Essay_Body.asp?PersonEssay=1P15&QuickSearch=true (534 words)

	Russell, New Zealand
		The settlement, originally called Kororareka, was of importance in the early 19th C. as a whaling station and trading post, where honest traders as well as more doubtful characters did business with the Maoris.
		The name of the place was changed from Kororareka to Russell in honor of Lord John Russell, then British colonial secretary and later prime minister.
		With the transfer of the seat of government to Auckland the Bay of Islands area declined in population and in importance.
	www.planetware.com /new-zealand/russell-nz-nl-r.htm (283 words)

	Chapter 4: The Fall of Kororareka \| NZETC
		This church was built prior to the war, and the engagement of the 11th March, 1845, between the sailors of H.M.S. “Hazard” and the Ngapuhi warriors under Kawiti was fought around the churchyard fence in the foreground.
		Riwhitete Pokai, of Kaikohe, recounting half a century after the war his share in the fall of Kororareka, described the annoyance of the Ngapuhi at Phillpotts' indiscriminate shelling.
		A story of the fourth flagstaff imparts an element of comedy to the history of blunders and tragedy associated with the Maiki signal-hill.
	www.nzetc.org /tm/scholarly/tei-Cow01NewZ-c4.html (3070 words)

	Chapter 9
		Alternatively, Busby’s cottage at Kororareka might well have proved to be more than adequate for discussions and a treaty brainstorming session on the night of the 3rd of February.
		We went to Kororareka in the morning and spent so much of the day there that we hesitated proceeding to the Herald to call on the Governor; As however Mr.
		As the leading businessman in the district, it seems obligatory that Clendon maintained mercantile premises at Kororareka, although he ran a trading post from his Okiato estate, where there was sheltered and safe deep water mooring available for large ships close to shore.
	www.celticnz.org /TreatyBook/Chapter09.htm (3703 words)

	Chapter 8
		Busby’s two-room cottage at Kororareka, for which Hobson negotiated a rental from Busby on the 4th of February 1840 for £200 per annum, was later used as the Colonial Secretary’s office.
		The purpose of the letter was to state their grateful acceptance of a British colony in progress in New Zealand and to sustain the British incentive.
		Later in the day, Hobson and his party were ashore at Kororareka and etiquette or good manners demanded that Hobson give a dignified response to the citizenries’ formal pledge of support.
	www.celticnz.org /TreatyBook/Chapter08.htm (3310 words)

	Narrative of the Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, Commanded By the Late Captain Owen Stanley, R.N., F.R.S. Etc. During the ...
		Their fashion of dressing the hair is curious—in front it is cut short in a line across the forehead, but is allowed to grow long behind.
		A small entrance served the combined purposes of door, window, and chimney, the roof was so low as to preclude one from standing upright inside, a small fire was burning in the centre of the earthen floor, and a heap of mats and blankets in one corner pointed out a sleeping-place.
		Behind Kororareka one of a series of hills overlooking the town is memorable as the site of the flagstaff, the cutting down of which by Heke was one of the first incidents of the Maori war.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/12525/47.html (569 words)

	1845-72 New Zealand Colonial Wars / Maori Wars
		The wife of a European butcher of Kororareka, insults Heke Hone by comparing him to a dead pig.
		Lieutenant-Colonel Hulme arrives at Kororareka with 250 men in several detachments.
		Kororareka is abandoned, then bombarded by the British.
	www.balagan.org.uk /war/nz/1845/index.htm (1861 words)

	Russell - History
		Its name at that time, Kororareka, reflected a legend that a wounded chief asked for penguin and on tasting the broth said " Ka reka to korora." (How sweet is the penguin.)
		Kororareka and the Bay of Islands began to decline economically as a result.
		Following the sacking, Kororareka, now renamed Russell, was gradually rebuilt finding its main source of income in the provisioning and refitting of whaling ships.
	www.bay-of-islands.co.nz /russell.html (286 words)

	The New Zealand Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Nga Puhi also felt slighted by the Crown's decision to move the capital of New Zealand from Kororareka to Auckland.
		The fourth felling was followed by an attack on Kororareka itself.
		The town was destroyed and a number of settlers were killed, thus starting the northern war.
	www.newzealandwars.co.nz /cau_treatyofwaitangi.html (1615 words)

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