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Topic: Kunashir

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	Kuril Islands - Kunashir
		Kunashir is the southernmost of the Kuril Islands — its southern half dips inside the wide bay formed by the Nemuro and Shiretoko peninsulas of Japan's island of Hokkaido, thus partially surrounding the island by Japanese territory (see panoramic image.
		Kunashir exhibits a pattern of formation that is shared by many of the islands of the Kuril chain: being the result of a merging of smaller islands.
		Kunashir was formed by the union of four separate mountains (islands): Golovnin, Mendeleev and Otdel'naya, Tyatya, and the Lovtsov Peninsula.
	www.oceandots.com /pacific/kuril/kunashir.htm (184 words)

	Kunashir Island - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kunashir Island (Кунашир (Kunashir) in Russian, 国後島:Kunashiri in Japanese, Black Island in Ainu language) is the southernmost island in the Kuril chain in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast.
		It lies between the straits of Kunashir, Catherine, Izmena and South Kuril.
		Kunashir is formed by four volcanoes which were separate islands but have since joined together by low-lying areas with lakes and hot springs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kunashir_Island (204 words)

	Kunashir Island - Igor Shpilenok Russian Nature Photography
		We were lured to Kunashir by stories of pristine wilderness, wild salmon runs, and bears – more than 200 inhabit the island, the largest density of bears in all of Russia.
		Kunashir feels so remote, so undiscovered, it is hard for me to believe that civilization is only a stone’s throw away.
		Kunashir is on one of the nine major migratory routes for birds in the world, and thousands of ducks, geese, and waders stop here in spring and fall.
	www.shpilenok.com /expeditions/Expedition_Kunashir/Kunashir.htm (2329 words)

	Laura Williams - Kurilsky Zapovednik
		Kunashir Island, half of which is protected by Kurilsky Zapovednik, is the southernmost link in a chain of volcanic islands reaching a thousand kilometers from Japan north to Kamchatka.
		Kunashir is located along one of the nine major migratory routes for birds in the world.
		The climate is characterized as coastal monsoon, with relatively warm winters (the average temperature in February is -4.7°C), and cool summers (the average temperature in August is 16.6°C).
	www.kunashir.ru /zapovednik/lib/6.php (2756 words)

	Life Story page
		Half of Kunashir Island, in the Sakhalin Region of the Russian Far East, is protected by Kurilsky Zapovednik.
		Kunashir, one of the great Kurile Ridge Islands, is by far the most beautiful of the islands.
		You can also read a story of Kunashir adventure at http://home.att.net/~iaito/kunashir.html by Aaltje van Zoelen, the president of a small US travel company which has been operating unique expeditions to the various regions of the Russian Far East since 1991 (a copy is here).
	www.geocities.com /kamolov/life_story.html (1387 words)

	Cultural exchange creates friendship between Japanese and Russians
		Kunashir often lacks power and fuel, buildings damaged by a major earthquake in 1994 have not been repaired and roads remain unpaved.
		Yet Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan and the Habomai islets – called Northern Territories by the Japanese government - are a diplomatic minefield between Russia and Japan.
		And although she says the Russian government is trying to improve the situation on Kunashir, she is very grateful for the power plant that was donated by the Japanese government.
	www.sakhalintimes.com /images/travel.htm/kunashir_cultural_exchange.htm (949 words)

	Travel East Russia - Kunashir
		Kunashir, which actually means "fl pearl", is the most southern island and is actually quite close to Japan (10 kilometers).
		It also features a nature preserve, which is located on both sides of Kunashir and on some of the smaller islands surrounding it.
		Additional information about Kunashir can be found under regions.
	www.traveleastrussia.com /kunashir.html (2653 words)

	Peace Boat hopes to increase people to people exchange between Japan and Russia
		His words don’t seem to scare off the participants who will be brought to Kunashir in five groups by a smaller boat as the cruise ship cannot dock at the pier.
		The Japanese group met with Kunashir residents to discuss the territorial dispute and humanitarian aid to the island.
		The Japanese Foreign Ministry is of the opinion that the programme should be organised by the government, because civil activities outside the programme may hinder bilateral negotiations over the islands.
	www.sakhalintimes.com /images/sakhalin_kurils.htm/peace_boat_background.htm (1196 words)

	"RUSSIAN MINING" - Mineral industry, mining industry of Russia, mining equipment, mineral resources, ore, ...
		The Valentinovskoye and Dokuchayevskoye deposits with 2 to 18% Pb, 5—16% Zn, and 1-4% Cu in the ores were exploited in northern Kunashir Island during the Japanese sovereignty.
		During the Japanese sovereignty, a number of deposits were exploited on Kunashir, Iturup, and Paramushir islands, and the produced sulfur was transported to Japan.
		Among other minerals, noteworthy are barite manifestations on Kunashir Island and alunite, in the Zaozernoye sulfur deposit on Paramushir Island and near Lake Krasivoye 50 km to the southwest of the Burevestnik village on Iturup Island.
	www.russian-mining.com /magazines/rm/2001/rm_1_2001/stat.php?stat=kuril&s2=1 (1105 words)

	Case Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		During these negotiations, Japan reportedly claimed territorial rights to Etorofu, Kunashir, Shikotan, and Habomai, and demanded the return of these islands, but the position maintained by the Soviet Union was that they would return Shikotan and Habomai, but could not return Etorofu and Kunashir.
		Thus, it is considered that only the question of Etorofu and Kunashir Islands remain as an issue to be resolved in the peace treaty negotiations.
		Furthermore, in the Communique, it was agreed that the peace treaty should be the document marking the final resolution of war-related issues, including the territorial issue and that work to conclude the preparation of a peace treaty would be accelerated.
	www.american.edu /TED/ice/KURILE.HTM (4016 words)

	AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES
		The Far Eastern Frog (Rana chensinensis) is found in the whole territory of Sakhalin and in the South Kuriles, Kunashir and Shikotan, and on the small islands of Polonskii, Green, Yurii, Tanfilyef and Anuchin in the Malaya Kurilskaya Ridge.
		This animal is found on Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands of Paramushir, Shumshu and Kunashir.
		As far as the Kurile Islands are concerned, the rep-tiles live only in the woods of Kunashir Island.
	museum.sakh.com /eng/7.shtml (421 words)

	My Journeys Through Russia - A Kunashir Adventure
		At first I tried to acquaint him with the new rules of the game as they were explained to me at the Russian Consulate in Seattle, but realized soon that this was not the way to his cooperation.
		Including a team of Sakhalin TV reporters who were going off to Kunashir in search of the Fish Owl, the Japanese crane and other rare species of bird and wildlife, and who were friends of Alexander.
		The same sentiments as on Kunashir "We know every one and we are at ease with our economic circumstances." They would not want to live in a big city.
	members.tripod.com /~merkulov/TEXTS01/MYJ.HTM (2917 words)

	CO2 Science
		Kunashir is the southernmost large island in the Kurile Island chain belonging to Russia.
		extracted cores from century-old oaks (Quercus crispula) growing on Kunashir Island within one km of the Pacific Ocean and developed them into a four-century tree-ring width index series that was shown to correlate strongly with Island summer (June-September) air temperature.
		The long-term reconstructed temperature history of Kunashir Island bears absolutely no resemblance to the IPCC-endorsed "hockeystick" temperature record of Mann et al.
	www.co2science.org /scripts/CO2ScienceB2C/articles/V7/N35/C2.jsp (278 words)

	NewsFromRussia.Com:Russia investigates Japanese schooner incident near Kuril Islands
		The schooner, Eiko Maru 78, was catching fish in the area in accordance with a 1998 agreement between Russia and Japan, when Russian officials stopped it 3.5 nautical miles from the Kunashir Island for checks Thursday, the ministry said.
		The crew is currently held in a pre-trial detention center on the Kunashir Island.
		Kunashir is one of the four islands that Japan calls its "northern territories" and seeks to retrieve as a condition of a peace agreement with Russia.
	newsfromrussia.com /region/2005/11/05/67016_.html (255 words)

	Foreign Correspondent - 04/10/2005: Russia - Kuril Islands
		PAVEL GOMILEVSKY, Mayor of Kunashir: In 1945, Soviet Union released all the Kuril Islands as a revenge for what the Japanese do, if they don’t want to live in friendship, well it’s up to them.
		PAVEL GOMILEVSKY, Mayor of Kunashir: From the economic point of view, you don’t need a peace treaty, you don’t need any territory to start economic activity because the main thing in economy is money.
		In the centre of Kunashir’s main town is the Japan Friendship House where the Japanese government funds free language and culture classes.
	www.abc.net.au /foreign/content/2005/s1477306.htm (2068 words)

	Hazard Slides Thumbnails
		This dock on Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Kunashir Island, was damaged by the tsunami.
		This bridge approach, located 11.5 km to the north of Yuzhno-Kurilsk on Kunashir Island, was washed out by the tsunami.
		The flooding area of the tsunami at Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Kunashir Island.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/hazard/slideset/40/40_thumbs.shtml (654 words)

	Biodiversity Briefings #2, Focus on Kurile Islands
		The current path of Kunashir gold could prove most destructive for the Kurile Islands and the sea around them.
		On January 22, 1999 two tons of explosives for the opening of the quarry were delivered to Kunashir Island by border guards via airplane.
		The border guards, however, dispatched no helicopter to detain those ships, claiming that there was simply no money to purchase the fuel needed to do their job.
	www.russianconservation.org /bb2.html (752 words)

	MASTER JUMP PAGE
		The South Kurile administrative district includes two inhabited islands, Kunashir and Shikotan, plus a group of small, uninhabited islands titled Habomai.
		“Kunashir” is translated as “fl island” in the language of the original aboriginal inhabitants, the Ainu.
		Kunashir island stretches for 76 miles from southwest to northeast and has a surface area of 579 square miles.
	oregonmag.com /KurileIslands.htm (1059 words)

	Kurilsky, Islands and Sea, an excerpt from Russian Conservation News #18
		For example, Kunashir means "fl earth" in the Ainu language, perhaps originating from the dark hue the coniferous forests give the island; Shikotan means "better settlement." The Ainu lived in harmony with nature, barely disturbing the unique environment in which they lived.
		In all, 1,215 species of vascular plants (ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms) are found on the southern Kurile Islands, 1,045 of which grow on Kunashir.
		Most of the estimated 5,500 pinnipeds inhabiting the southern Kurile Islands-Hokkaido region are currently concentrated in the waters around Kunashir and the Small Kurile Chain where their main rookeries, habitats, and breeding grounds are found.
	www.russianconservation.org /kurilsky.html (866 words)

	IngentaConnect Allozyme Diversity and Genetic Divergence of the Dolly Varden Sal... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the studied populations, the proportion of polymorphic loci was 35 to 85% and the mean heterozygosity was 0.104 to 0.173; populations from the Kunashir Island were characterized by maximum heterozygosity.
		In the island populations examined, significant interpopulation heterogeneity of allele frequencies was found for all studied population pairs.
		In the Shumshu population, allele frequencies indicate the admixture of genes of the northern Dolly Varden.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/maik/ruge/2002/00000038/00000009/00454836 (419 words)

	Spider Collector's Journal: Kuril Islands 1994
		Everyone was hauled to the same destination, usually a coastal interdune lake, no matter that only half of us were aquatic biologists and the rest would have preferred uplands once in a while.
		Today's goal was Lake Aliger on the west coast of Kunashir (our ship was docked at the east coast city Yuzhno-Kurilsk but we had vehicles for once).
		We'd never collected on the north third of the island, where Tyatya Volcano, at 1819 meters the highest peak in the islands, is located with other nice uplands.
	crawford.tardigrade.net /journal/Journal06.html (3264 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The sea ice has formed a complex pattern of eddies in response to surface water currents and winds.
		Photos of this kind aid researchers in describing local ocean current patterns and the effects of wind speed and direction on the drift of surface material, such as ice floes or oil.
		Kunashir is the southernmost of the Kuril Islands.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /mirrors/images/images/pao/STS45/10064755.txt (96 words)

	Homepage of Vladimir Dinets-Birds of RFE part 2
		The Kuril Islands are one of the most beautiful parts of our planet, their natural wonders could be a great tourist attraction.
		Southern part of Kunashir and Shikotan Island have particularly high biodiversity level.
		Among the rare birds of Kunashir and Shikotan are red-crowned crane (Grus japonicus), Blakiston's fishing owl (Bubo blakistoni), two sea eagles (Haliaeetus), and mountain hawk-eagle (Spizaetus nipalensis), who nests on the rocky summit of Mendeleev Volcano.
	dinets.travel.ru /chukotka2.htm (2039 words)

	ExpeditionTrips.com: Trip Details Page
		Due to the unpredictable nature of the expedition, here is a general summary of the destinations you are most likely to visit.
		Kunashir Island - Although officially part of Russia, ownership of Kunashir is still disputed by Japan as part of the World War II conflict between the two nations.
		More than 200 bears inhabit Kunashir, the largest density of bears in all of Russia.
	www.expeditiontrips.com /search/cruise.asp?tripid=1972 (1062 words)

	Planet Diary Archive 2000 - Earthquake - Strong Quake Jolts Kuril Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Kuril Islands in the Pacific Ocean shook from a strong magnitude 6.8 earthquake this week.
		The quake caused some damage to buildings on the Russian island of Kunashir and shook the Japanese island of Hokkaido, but no casualties have been reported.
		The quake was centered about 60 kilometers (40 miles) below the floor of the Pacific Ocean about 190 kilometers (120 miles) east of Kushiro on Hokkaido.
	www.phschool.com /science/planetdiary/archive00/eart1020400.html (153 words)

	Zegrahm Expeditions - Reports From The Field:Fire & Ice: Kuril Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula, and Bering Island (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		One of the 20 major islands in this remote chain, Kunashir was among the territory taken over by Russia immediately following Japan’s surrender at the end of World War II.
		Four of the southern Kuril Islands remain in dispute, but politics is not why we came.
		The Clipper crew quickly cut through the red tape of clearing us through Russian immigration and customs, and we were soon cruising north along the Kunashir coast.
	www.zeco.com /travel-reports/dayreports.asp?id=44&itid=457 (706 words)

	Hazard Slides Captions
		A second landslide near the Ptichye River on Kunashir Island.
		More buildings damaged by the tsunami at Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Kunashir Island.
		A building damaged by the tsunami, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Kunashir Island.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/hazard/slideset/40/40_captions.shtml (559 words)

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