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Topic: Kurdish

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In the News (Sun 22 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Kurdish World
		kurdish kurdistan kurtce kürtç kurdish kurdish kürtç kurdistan
		Ev dû werger bi navê Kurdish World (ji aliya Luqman) hatê çekirin.
		Kurdo's Web Design ODP data has been changed by site interest.
	www.kurdishworld.com (194 words)

	Car bomb in Kurdish district kills 11, wounds 45 - The Boston Globe
		BAGHDAD -- A car bomb killed 11 people yesterday in a Kurdish district of Kirkuk, police said, and a US military helicopter was forced to make an emergency landing south of Baghdad.
		The attack appeared to raise mistrust among the Kurds, as their leaders evoked past tragedies suffered by the minority under the late Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein.
		He was referring to the 1988 Iraqi military campaign against the Kurds, which included the gassing of 5,000 Kurds in Halabja.
	www.boston.com /news/world/middleeast/articles/2007/08/11/car_bomb_in_kurdish_district_kills_11_wounds_45 (570 words)

	IRC \| The Kurdish Community in Atlanta
		In 2000 the population of Kurdish refugees in Atlanta surpassed 1,200.
		Since the Kurdish Community Program was establish within IRC, the Atlanta office has become a center for the Kurdish community in Atlanta for social services, ESL training, and facilitation in community organization.
		The Kurdish community in Atlanta needs counseling interpretation, referral and assistance entering mainstream services, school intervention, family dispute intervention, orientation and other services like locating doctors, find ESL, access employment projects, obtain referral to different programs and other issues where interpretation and intervention are required beside the direct services.
	www.theirc.org /index.cfm/wwwID/575 (1038 words)

	Kurdish people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The exact number of Kurdish people living in the Middle East, is unknown due to both an absence of a recent census on this issue and the reluctance of the various governments in Kurdish inhabited regions to give accurate figures.
		The Kurdish languages form a dialect continuum, with comprehensibility diminishing as the distance from one's native dialect increases.
		Kurdish political parties are shut down one after another, and party members are harassed and imprisoned for "crimes of opinion." Most famously, in 1994 Leyla Zana--who, three years prior, had been the first Kurdish woman elected to the Turkish parliament--was sentenced to 15 years for "separatist speech." Her party was banned.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurd (2756 words)

	Kurdish language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kurdish languages or Kurdish dialects are spoken in the region loosely called Kurdistan including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran (Persia), Iraq, Syria and Turkey.
		The claim that the Kurdish languages have as their direct ancestor the language of the ancient Persia's Medes seem not to be supported by the linguistic data.
		Kurdish in Iran and Iraq is written using the Arabic alphabet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurdish_language (663 words)

	Kurdish language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kurdish languages (also called dialects of Kurdish) are spoken in the region loosely called Kurdistan including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey.
		The Kurdish languages belong to the northwestern group of the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family; a close relative is Persian, which is in the southwestern group.
		The claim that the Kurdish languages have as their direct ancestor the language of the Iranian Medes seem not to be supported by the linguistic data.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /kurdish_language.htm (777 words)

	Kurdish Political Enclaves
		The Kurdish nationalist movement in its earlier manifestations was dominated by two primary factors: tribal identification and the preeminence of the Sufi movement.
		Kurdish autonomy was conceded in the region and the Kurdish language was recognized as an official language.
		The Iraqi Kurdish nationalists' declared aims were to gain autonomy for their region (they never officially demanded independence nor showed any sustained interest in a separate Kurdish state to be carved out of Turkey, Iran and Iraq)(20) and they used the war to press for autonomy on their own terms.
	course1.winona.edu /aelafandi/PolSci270/kurds.htm (10365 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Ocalan Trial Monitor
		Leyla Zana, a HEP deputy, appeared wearing the "Kurdish colours" (red, yellow and green) in her hair and announced in Kurdish that she was taking her parliamentary oath in Turkish under protest.
		For example, the traditional Kurdish new year festival of Nevruz was recognized as a public holiday in 1993, but scores of people attempting street celebrations in Istanbul and other cities were detained and held in police custody for several days, in some cases being subjected to torture and ill-treatment.
		Kurdish language music - provided that it is not overtly political - seems to be tolerated, and the army's southeastern radio station "Voice of the Tigris" is sufficiently pragmatic, in trying to win the hearts and minds of the local population, to broadcast in the two main Kurdish dialects as well as Turkish and Turkmen.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/turkey/kurd.htm (2295 words)

	Kurdish language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Kurdish is a member of the Western Iranian branch of Indo-European languages.
		Kurdish began to appear in writing in a version of the Persian alphabet during the 7th century AD.
		In Turkey Kurdish is written with the Latin alphabet and in parts of the former Soviet Union it is written with the Cyrillic alphabet.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/kurdish.htm (253 words)

	WWW.OPPRESSION.ORG / MIDDLE EAST / KURDS / HISTORY
		The incident was one of the most publicized Kurdish arrests up to this time, but as a whole, Kurdish resistance and demonstrations against their Iraqi oppressors went largely unnoticed until the conceptualization and adoption of Baathist ideas in the latter half of the 1960s.
		Interestingly, Kurdish nationalism is both defined and resoundingly subjugated after the establishment of the Baath party in Iraq, and it is for this reason that the politics of the organization have become inextricably intertwined with Kurdish history in Iraq.
		Contrary to the RCC claims of finally solving the Kurdish problem by redefining the party's ideological and theoretical position and by passing the aforementioned resolutions in the manifesto, the agreement was almost destined to fail.
	www.oppression.org /middleeast/kurdish_history.html (1997 words)

	Kurdistan - Turkey
		Kurdish opposition to the government's emphasis on linguistic homogeneity was spurred in the 1960s and 1970s by agitation in neighboring Iran and Iraq on behalf of an autonomous Kurdistan, to include Kurds from Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria.
		In Turkey two major Kurdish dialects are spoken: Kermanji, which is used by the majority of Kurds, as well as by some of the Kurds in Iran and Iraq; and Zaza, spoken mainly in a triangular region in southeastern Turkey between Diyarbakir, Ezurum, and Sivas, as well as in parts of Iran.
		A resurgence of Kurdish attacks attributed to the PKK necessitated the deployment of Turkish army units and elite police forces with the initiation in 1984 by the PKK of armed struggle against the state with attacks on gendarmerie posts in the southeast.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/kurdistan-turkey.htm (3863 words)

	Iraqi Kurdish Leaders Resist as the U.S. Presses Them to Moderate Their Demands ??
		Kurdish leaders say American officials are putting pressure on them to drop some of their main demands for autonomy in negotiations with the other major Iraqi groups, the Shiites and Sunni Arabs, over a temporary constitution to guide the country until the end of next year.
		Bremer said he expected the Kurdish militias, some of whom have been fighting for decades, to disarm or be integrated into an army under the command of the central authority in Baghdad.
		Kurdish leaders have been especially adamant on keeping their militia, the force that fought alongside the Americans during the campaign to unseat Mr.
	www.puk.org /web/htm/news/nws/news040220a.html (1085 words)

	Middle East Report Online: The US and the Kurds of Iraq: A Bitter History, by Maggy Zanger
		On August 9, representatives of both Kurdish factions are reluctantly participating in a meeting in Washington, hosted by the State and Defense Departments, to discuss a post-Saddam Iraq with other Iraqi opposition figures nominally under the umbrella of the Iraqi National Congress (INC).
		Kurdish leaders are adamant that they do not support Bush's recently leaked plans for covert action, and indeed, say they will refuse to assist in any US military action unless there are guarantees of real change when the dust settles.
		Currently the Kurdish fighters are drawn from two groups: young recruits aged 17-25 who are organized like a regular army, and the older peshmerga (guerilla fighters) who have years of experience fighting the central government.
	www.merip.org /mero/mero080902.html (1791 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| Israelis 'train Kurdish forces'
		Kurdish officials have refused to comment on the report and Israel has denied it knows of any involvement.
		Kurdish politicians will most likely come under pressure to explain what their semi-autonomous government has been up to.
		Syria and Iran, which have common borders with Kurdish areas, are believed to be the primary target.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/5364982.stm (431 words)

	In Turkey, Speaking of Kurdish Problems, Don't (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ocalan, who is known as Apo, is charged with treason in connection with his role in organizing and waging the long-running war between Kurds who inhabit the southeastern part of Turkey and the Turkish government.
		Moreover, the Kurdish issue is among the most sensitive in the country.
		It is binding on reporters and commentators for the Anatolia news agency, the state-run TRT radio and television network, and public affairs officers at all government agencies, though not on reporters for privately owned press outlets or on foreign correspondents.
	www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/turkterm.htm (535 words)

	Kurdish Translation - Translate Kurdish Language Translator
		The Kurdish language is spoken in the region loosely called Kurdistan including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey.
		Kurdish dialects are members of the northwestern subdivision of the Iranic branch of this largest family of languages in the world.
		The Kurdish language was derived from the ancient "Median" language or "Proto-Kurdish".
	www.translation-services-usa.com /languages/kurdish.shtml (672 words)

	United Press International - NewsTrack - Top News - Suicide bombers hit market, Kurdish convoy
		Four members of the Peshmerga, the Kurdish military force, died and 14 were wounded when a suicide car bomber struck their convoy near Mosul, KUNA, the Kuwaiti news agency, reported.
		The Peshmerga were given official status in Kurdish areas after the 2003 U.S. invasion.
		The death toll from the Kirkuk bombing rose to nine with 52 injured.
	www.upi.com /NewsTrack/Top_News/2007/08/10/suicide_bombers_hit_market_kurdish_convoy/1526 (212 words)

	Arabic-Kurdish Language Divide
		In Iraqi Kurdistan, offices usually have Kurdish and, sometimes, English signs, and official documents are often drafted in the native language of the northern region.
		She indicated that the onus is on Kurds to know Arabic, because it is the language of Islam and enables them to have better relations with Arab citizens.
		Latif Qadir, 50-year-old Kurdish civil servant in Baghdad who lived there for more than 20 years, is moving to Sulaimaniyah to escape the violence.
	www.iwpr.net /?p=icr&s=f&o=322377&apc_state=henh (944 words)

	Kurds (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A Kurdish rebellion in Turkey started in 1984, and this still persists even if nothing has been gained, and casts dark shadows on the image that the international society has of Turkey.
		A Kurdish rebellion in Iraq started on the eve of the Gulf war in 1991, but was quickly suppressed by the Iraqi army, forcing 1 million Kurds to flee to Turkey.
		The explanation of the international society's reluctance to support the establishment of a Kurdistan, must be seen on the background of the existing regional instability, the importance of the area and the fact that it would effects too many states.
	i-cias.com /e.o/kurds.htm (479 words)

	"The Kurdish Reawakening in Syria" (April 2004)
		Although fueled by popular frustration in the Kurdish community, the riots were not an entirely spontaneous eruption, but a politically timed initiative to pressure the Assad regime in the face of heightened Syrian-US tensions and Iraqi Kurdish political gains.
		In 1957, the Kurdish Democratic Party of Syria (KDPS) was founded by a broad coalition of prominent Kurdish intellectuals calling for recognition of Kurdish national rights and an end to the marginalization of Kurds in the administration.
		Syrian Kurdish activists often received a hostile reception at political conferences organized by the large Kurdish Diaspora in Europe because their activities were seen a threat to the PKK.
	www.meib.org /articles/0404_s1.htm (4268 words)

	kurdish music, kurdistan, kurd (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Kurdish music belongs to the same family as Persian music, but its main characteristic, as in Indian music, is the exploration of the octave.
		Kurdish music is neither learned music nor folk music, but all in one.
		When a Kurdish musician talks about music he never refers to concept with which we are familiar on account of formal or expressive connotations.
	www.kdp.pp.se /music (1102 words)

	MERIA RESEARCH GUIDE
		His linguistic skills allowed him to acquire a deep knowledge of the Middle East and to attain a high degree of erudition that goes hand-in-hand with a constant theoretical concern that is in sharp contrast with the Orientalist traditions.
		Kurdish studies, as well as some other crucial issues, thus become "marginal subjects," being only mentioned rather than properly explored in the scientific literature.
		The increase of the number of Ph.D. students studying the Kurdish issue and society in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Sweden and the United States, could be understood as an ongoing interest for this field.
	meria.idc.ac.il /research-g/kurds.html (934 words)

	Kurdica: An Indo-European Language
		Kurdish, Ashkani (Parthian) Pahlavi, Baluchi and Mazandarani are from the western branch of the Northern group of Iranian languages, while Persian and middle Persian (Sassanid Pahlavi) belong to the south branch (see [Kalbasi83]).
		Another difference between Kurdish and Persian is the existance of clitic movement phenomenon in Sorani verbal construction which is closely related to ergativity in Kurdish.
		Ergativity in Kurmanji (Kurdish), Orientalita Suecana XLI-XLII (1992-1993) pp.
	www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk /~siamakr/Kurdish/iran-lang.html (1801 words)

	Kurds (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A few Kurdish settlements remain in the countries of the former Soviet Union.
		Kurds speak Kurdish, a language of the western Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages.
		The Kurdish culture has survived even though they have never had a country to call their own.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/oldworld/middle_east/kurds.html (436 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nevertheless, according to various estimates, the Kurdish population is estimated to range between 25 to 30 million.
		The persistent absence of interest in Kurdish studies among academics may be explained by their longer-standing commitment to Arabic, Turkish and Iranian studies.
		Another result is the lack of experts on Kurdish affairs despite the growing importance of that area to the international comunity.
	www.xs4all.nl /~tank/kurdish/htdocs/announce/KSF.html (354 words)

	frontline: the survival of saddam: the kurds: a chronology
		Kurdish officials visit Washington to meet secretly with CIA officials (Read interview with Othman, who made the visit.
		The KDP, the largest Kurdish group under Mousoud Barzani (the son of the legendary Kurdish leader Mustafa Barzani), breaks with the INC after the U.S. government fails to back a planned attack on Saddam's forces.
		Kurdish groups strike autonomy deal with Saddam's government and remain skeptical of the extent to which the U.S. is serious about its support for the Iraqi opposition.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/saddam/kurds/cron.html (968 words)

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