Kurdish Christians

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Topic: Kurdish Christians

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	KEO - RELIGION
		With the waning and isolation of Christianity in Kurdistan and the Middle East following the expansion of Islam, the dwindling Christian Kurdish community began to renounce its Kurdish ethnic identity and forged a new one with its neighboring Semitic Christians.
		The Suriyâni (Nestorian) Christians of Mesopotamia and Kurdistan, who have recently adopted the ethnic name Assyrian, are a Neo-Aramaic-speaking amalgam of Kurds and Semitic peoples who have retained the old religion and language of the Nestorian Church, and the court language of the old Kingdom of Adiabene.
		Not all Christian Kurds found it necessary to exchange their Kurdish identity for their faith.
	www.kurdistanica.com /english/religion/christianity/christianity.html (1343 words)

	Kurdish people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The remaining Kurds are mostly either Christians, Kurdish Jews, Yazidis or Agnosticists.
		Kurdish Jews and Kurdish Christians usually speak Aramaic as a first language.
		The Kurdish language is a dialect continuum of mostly mutually intelligible dialects belonging to the Iranian subgroup of the Indo-European family.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurds (3787 words)

	Kurdish people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The remaining Kurds are mostly either Christians, Kurdish Jews, Yazidis or Agnosticists.
		The Kurdish language form a dialect continuum, with comprehensibility diminishing as the distance from one's native dialect increases.
		The Kurdish Kingdom of Corduene became a province of the Roman Empire in 66 BCE and was under Roman control for four centuries until 384 CE.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurds (3658 words)

	ZENDA March 30, 1998
		While on the Internet last night I read your letter to our Secretary of State asking her to look into the recent murders of several Assyrian Christians in Northern Iraq by a band of Kurdish people who are out of control.
		4) Did the then Christians have the restraint to marry from outside their community.
		"...this letter is really meant to send my deep gratitude and thankfulness for the tremendous letter you recently wrote to the U.S. Secretary of State in behalf of the Assyrian Christians who were recently murdered by some vicious Kurds, without cause, in northern Iraq.
	www.zindamagazine.com /html/archives/1998/mar30_1998.htm (3658 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Kurdistan Democratic Party
		This list combines the candidates from the two major Kurdish political parties the Kurdistan Democratic Party under the leadership of Mas'oud Barazani, and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan under the leadership of Jalal Talabani- and represents a slate of 165 candidates, which includes Kurds as well as representatives of Chaldean Christians and Turkomans.
		Both major Kurdish parties the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the PUK conferred Wednesday to consider a response to the decision not to refer to the interim constitution in the U.N. resolution approved unanimously on Tuesday by the 15-member Security Council.
		In 1957, the Kurdish Democratic Party of Syria (KDPS) was founded by a broad coalition of prominent Kurdish intellectuals calling for recognition of Kurdish national rights and an end to the marginalization of Kurds in the administration.
	news.surfwax.com /politics/files/Kurdistan_Democratic_Party.html (1452 words)

	YAKUP HIDIRSAH
		Also the Kurdish sources confirm the fact that Bedirhan Bey, prior to the massacre against the Syriacs, made use of the clergies called "sheik" who had a significant position among the Kurds and established an alliance with them to provocate the Kurds against the Christians.
		Their leader was Bedirhan Bey…After the military-politic and socio-economic situation was put in order and Bedirhan Bey formed the unification of the chiefs of the Kurdish tribes, he decided that it was high time that an independent Kurdish state the leader of which would be himself, should be founded.
		It is known that as a result of the pressures and genocidal behaviors of Bedirhan and the Kurds under his command against the Christians, Syriacs, Nestorians, Chaldeans and Armenians have called for help from the Ottoman Government.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Senate/6143/mez.htm (1452 words)

	KEO - RELIGION
		With the waning and isolation of Christianity in Kurdistan and the Middle East following the expansion of Islam, the dwindling Christian Kurdish community began to renounce its Kurdish ethnic identity and forged a new one with its neighboring Semitic Christians.
		The reason has been the faulty assumption of these missionary organizations that the Kurds of northern and western Kurdistan in Anatolia, having been under Byzantine rule prior to Muslim occupation, were mostly or all Christians, but that the other Kurds were not.
		By the early 5th century the Kurdish royal house of Adiabene had converted from Judaism to Christianity.
	www.kurdistanica.com /english/religion/christianity/christianity.html (1343 words)

	TIME.com: Losing Mosul? -- Page 1
		"The mosaic of Mosul is a miniature Iraq: Arabs, Kurds, Turkomans, Assyrian Christians, Nestorian Christians, Muslim Sunnis, Muslim Shi?ites, Yezidis and Armenians," says Sadi Ahmed Pire, the Mosul chief of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, one of Kurdish Iraq's two governing parties.
		But much of Mosul has become an incubator for regional terrorist groups like Ansar al-Islam, the Kurdish fundamentalists, and for foreign fighters crossing the still unsecured border from Syria, according to U.S. and Iraqi security officials.
		"Mosul is a butchery," says the victim's father, asking that his name be withheld to protect the rest of his family.
	www.time.com /time/world/article/0,8599,725055,00.html (1111 words)

	Boston.com / News / Nation / Shiite slate leads Iraqi voting in U.S.
		A slate of Chaldean and Assyrian Christians called the National Rafidain List polled about 29 percent in the United States, where it found its largest bloc of votes among the 14 nations where elections were held for Iraqis living abroad.
		Joseph Kassab, president of the Chaldean National Congress, based in the Detroit area, said more Christians compose a large portion of the Iraqis living in the United States, which likely accounted for the strong showing by the National Rafidain List.
		The Kurdish ticket Kurdish Alliance List received nearly 17 percent of the U.S. vote, while the list led by current Prime Minister Ayad Allawi, which had been expected to do well among expatriates, only won about 4 percent of votes in the United States.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/articles/2005/02/04/shiite_slate_leads_iraqi_voting_in_us?mode=PF (1111 words)

	Assyrians Prevented By Kurds From Voting in North Iraq
		Whereas the KDP had earlier masked their ambitions to fully cleanse the area of Assyrian Christians, recent reports have uncovered stepped up and overt acts of terror and intimidation by self-described KDP operatives determined to drive away Assyrians.
		The KDP is also targeting other communities including Turkman, Yezidis, and Shabak in a bid to suppress non-Kurdish balloting in the region.
		The obvious intent remains to electorally and "democratically" show that the area is predominantly Kurdish by preventing any other political or demographic expression.
	www.aina.org /releases/20050131003708.htm (691 words)

	Orumiyeh Info and Discussion Page
		Orumiey are the area of Kurdish Poeple, and never gone be area of any other poeple,than Kurdish
		Around 1900 Christians made up more than 40% of the city's population; however, most of the Christians fled in 1918 can u shut up now ?
		Orumiyeh is not area of azeri or armani.
	www.yukonet.com /places/4211572.aspx (691 words)

	Wash. Inst.: The Role of the Kurdistan Regional Gov't-10-22-01
		Second, the "seculars," referring to the mainstream Iraqi Kurdish leadership, have turned Iraqi Kurdistan into a haven for Jews, Christians, and American influence.
		The Kurdish Regional government in Sulaymania is committed to bringing about an Iraq that is at peace with its people and at peace with the world at large.
		Iraqi Kurdistan is an Iraqi issue, not a Kurdish nationalist project.
	www.iraqwatch.org /perspectives/winep-pw575-10-22-01.htm (691 words)

	IRBIL [IV:76a]
		period, Irbil was the scene of persecutions of the Christians, who by an edict of 340 were subjected to a capitation tax and various other tribulations; the resistance of certain Christians led to their execution, and some years later, in 358, the governor
		Irbil again became a town of some importance when, in 563/1167, it was the capital of the Kurdish
		marked the beginning of a period of persecution and harrassment for the Christians of Irbil.
	www.encislam.brill.nl /data/EncIslam/S9/SIM-3589.html (691 words)

	Vote Stirs Ethnic Rivalries in Kirkuk
		On Saturday, the Kurdistan parliament reached a tentative deal to participate in the vote, pending the registration of an additional 100,000 Kurdish voters.
		The council has 13 Kurds, 10 Arabs, 10 Turkmen and seven Assyrian Christians.
		Militants kidnapped a local Kurdish politician two weeks ago, and seven Kurdish refugees were slain in a Sunni Arab neighborhood late last month.
	www.ekurd.net /mismas/articles/misc2005/1/vote58.htm (1411 words)

	anmeldung
		Endogamy is a characteristic of Kurdish society expressed in “preference for marriage with the father’s brother’s daughter” (2).
		Violence in Alevi Kurdish endogamy tradition is not a decisive factor, neither does it have an important role for the Yezidi endogamy.
		As the example of the Alevi Kurds demonstrated, their endogamy has a very relative character: they were not allowed to marry with Sunni Muslims but they could marry with Christians.
	www.pen-kurd.org /englizi/Espeja/yezidi-endogamy.html (1281 words)

	Iraq HAR
		However, Kurdish Muslims living on land Christians occupied before resettlement by Saddam Hussein do not want to leave.
		According to UNHCR, there are approximately 42,000 IDPs living in Dahuk Governorate, 5,000 of which are living under the care of UN agencies. Included are Syrians fleeing Kurdish violence and Iranian Kurds from Al-Tash camp in Al-Anbar Governorate.
		About 300 Iranian Kurdish families recently arrived in Sulaymaniyah governorate after fleeing Al-Tash IDP camp, near Ramadi, due to insecurity.
	pdmin.coe-dmha.org /har/iraq/archives/IraqHAR011405.htm (5318 words)

	History of Syriac texts and Syrian Christianity - Table 7
		During his days there were mass conversions of Christians to Islam following many losses from Arab tribal warfare and Kurdish raiding parties.
		He began a policy of persecuting Christians and for one hundred years many churches were burned and massacres of Christians took place, especially at Arbil in 1310 AD and in Amida in 1317 AD.
		Eliya also wrote four volumes on the decisions of ecclesiastical law, an apology for the truth of the faith, hymns, metrical homilies and a lexical work which survives in Mingana Syr 420 E. [24], p.
	www.srr.axbridge.org.uk /chron_tab7.html (9480 words)

	Informed Comment : 10/01/2003 - 10/31/2003
		They decided to seek a province of their own in Ninevah, near Mosul (a district that also has many Kurdish villages alongside Christian ones).
		Its two simple demands are that Iraq become a loose Federation in which there is a consolidated Kurdish province (the Kurds are now largely scattered through four separate provinces), and that it be free from intereference by Turkey.
		Perhaps what has struck me the most is the difference between areas within the former Kurdish Autonomous Zone and the areas previously controlled by the Iraqi regime.
	www.juancole.com /2003_10_01_juancole_archive.html (12349 words)

	FreeArabForum
		Arab men are allowed to marry Kurdish girls but Kurdish men are not allowed to marry Arab girls.
		Now compare this to the fact that Muslim and Arab countries such as Jordan and Pakistan have produced a long line of Islamist terrorists and in such countries we also find both strong feelings against Christians and Jews are harbored along with strong sympathies for suicide bombers.
		The Kurdish uprising might not be sufficient to bring down the Syrian Ba’ath regime, but it sure does constitute a necessary component of any strategy that desires to get rid of a terror-proliferating regime in the most efficient possible manner, militarily and politically.
	www.freearabforum.blogspot.com /2004_03_01_freearabforum_archive.html (12349 words)

	Islam Online- News Section
		, met with representatives of all communities in the multi-ethnic city -- which is home to Kurds, Arabs, Turkmen and Assyrian Christians -- in an effort to restore calm.
		Iraq, August 24 (IslamOnline.net and News Agencies) — Another Three Turkmen were shot dead by police in this northern Iraqi oil-rich city on Saturday, August 23, in the second consecutive bloody clashes between Turkmen and Kurdish peshmerga that left on Friday, August 22, eight dead on both sides.
		Tensions have risen in Tuz Khurmatu as the Kurds have demanded that the town be transferred to the Kurdish-majority governorate of
	www.islamonline.net /English/News/2003-08/24/article02.shtml (12349 words)

	ideofact: April 2004 Archives
		Indeed, the Kurdish people are one of the most suitable people in the Middle East to carry the torch of democracy.
		They have mild manners, they prize liberty, and they have natural tolerance of differences — they speak Kurmanji, Sorani, and Zazaki, they are Sunnis, Alevis, Yezidis, Christians and Jews, and they have shown a respect for the minorities that have lived among them.
		By ennobling Kurdish patriotism, which involves strengthening our love of freedom, the Kurds will become the greatest defenders of democracy in the Middle East.
	www.ideofact.com /archives/2004_04.html (12349 words)

	Informed Comment
		Suspected terrorists are considered part of Kurdish plan to empty the region of Assyrians who dispute Kurdish claim to entire north.
		Thus far a complete tally of the dead and injured in this village of 30,000 Christians has not been transmitted abroad.
		"On Wednesday September 1, 2004, during a terrorist attack on the building of the Governorate of Ninawa, Nisan Sliyo Shmoel was injured in his shoulder.
	www.juancole.com /2004/09/fate-of-iraqs-christians-eden-naby.html (12349 words)

	hybridmagazine.com :: indie counter-culture daily, no secret handshakes.
		Christians have long believed that the Yezidi were devil worshippers; the Shi'ites have linked them to the Caliph Yazid, murderer of Husayn and one of the most hated figures in the Shi'ite pantheon.
		The Yezidi are ethnic Kurds, but that has not endeared them to their Kurdish neighbors.
		The Yezidis, who claim to have preserved the ancient Kurdish religion, have set themselves apart from other Kurds.
	www.hybridmagazine.com /culture/0603/yezidis.shtml (723 words)

	Swans Commentary: Charles Glass On Mosul, by Milo Clark - mgc159
		The Diary of LRB 16 December 2004 (1) reports Glass's then recent visit to Mosul, Iraq on the borderline of northern Iraq and the territories under Kurdish control since the early 1990s.
		In 1933, Mosul's Assyrian Christians demonstrated to protest house arrest of their patriarch.
		Maps related to the just completed Iraqi election have been widely published showing this area to be contested between what may become a central government and Kurdish assertions of control.
	www.swans.com /library/art11/mgc159.html (1708 words)

	Syria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Popular protests soon arose, composed primarily of Maronite Christians, Druze and Sunni Muslims, demanding the resignation of the government led by Omar Karimi, as well as the withdrawal of all Syrian troops and intelligence operatives.
		The Kurds, many of whom speak Kurdish, make up 9% of the population and live mostly in the northeast corner of Syria, though sizable Kurdish communities live in most major Syrian cities as well.
		Despite a number of significant reforms and ambitious development projects of the early 1990s, as well as more modest reform efforts currently underway, Syria's economy still is slowed by large numbers of poorly performing public sector firms, low investment levels, and relatively low industrial and agricultural productivity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syria (1708 words)

	Keyword
		Kurds and Turks Deceased Iranian Kurdish Leader Abdurrahman Qasýmlu wrote in his book "Iranian Kurdistan" that historiacally the Kurds are mountain nomads, that for that reason they were able to protect their personalities and migrant clan systems, but that they for the same reason were unable to evolve socially.
		Turks will bring chaos, say Kurds Michael Howard in Irbil Monday October 13, 2003 The Guardian (UK) The Bush administration is in danger of scoring a disastrous own goal with its decision to bring Turkish peacekeeping troops into Iraq, a Kurdish leader has warned.
		The Turks were Muslims, while Armenians were Christians.
	freerepublic.com /focus/keyword?k=turks (5634 words)

	Indigenous People in Distress
		Assyrians, also referred to by the Kurds as Kurdish Christians, were also subjected to torture and executions during the campaign, and many of their churches were destroyed by Iraqi government forces.
		In an interview with the Assyrian International News Agency, Assyrians who had recently visited northern Iraq, suggested that the general belief in the area is that the various Kurdish armed factions are pursuing a policy of intimidation of the civilian population, in order to complete the ethnic cleansing of the Assyrians from their ancestral homeland.
		Francis Harriri is an Assyrian from northern Iraq and is the governor of the province of Arbil.
	www.nineveh.com /IndigenousPeopleinDistress.html (11861 words)

	Who are the Assyrians
		In the same way the Assyrians are merely “Syriac-speaking Christians" from the perspective of the Arab Ba’athist government of Iraq, which also calls them Arab or Kurdish Christians.
		We hear of claims hinting that the Assyrians of antiquity simply disappeared and vanished from the face of the earth after the fall of their last capital in 612 BC, while, others imply that today’s Assyrians are different peoples, and it just happened that they coincidentally acquired that name some 150 years ago.
		Assyrians have come to be called Nestorians, Chaldeans, Jacobites, Syriacs, Syrians, Maronites and Melkites through religious influences and by the governments that now rule over portions of what is their ancestral homeland.
	www.nestorian.org /who_are_the_assyrians.html (5201 words)

	Assyrian Genocide
		In the course of the friendly interview between the Patriarch and The Kurdish chief, one of the men who had accompanied Mar Shimon into the house, noticed from the window the presence of the concealed Kurds on the surrounding roofs.
		In Dilman crowds of Christians were thrown into prison and driven to accept Islam." (The Death of a Nation, pp.
		Fortunately, few did survive when the attack ceased at the government's behest to pardon the Christians.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/assyria/assyrians_1915.html (1268 words)

	Who are the Assyrians
		In the same way the Assyrians are merely “Syriac-speaking Christians" from the perspective of the Arab Ba’athist government of Iraq, which also calls them Arab or Kurdish Christians.
		We hear of claims hinting that the Assyrians of antiquity simply disappeared and vanished from the face of the earth after the fall of their last capital in 612 BC, while, others imply that today’s Assyrians are different peoples, and it just happened that they coincidentally acquired that name some 150 years ago.
		Assyrians have come to be called Nestorians, Chaldeans, Jacobites, Syriacs, Syrians, Maronites and Melkites through religious influences and by the governments that now rule over portions of what is their ancestral homeland.
	www.nestorian.org /who_are_the_assyrians.html (5201 words)

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In the News (Thu 31 Dec 09)