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Topic: Kuriltai

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	Kuriltai - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Genghis Khan was declared supreme khan and perhaps the most famous kuriltai in 1206, and most of the major military campaigns were first planned out at assemblies such as this.
		The kuriltai, however, required the presence of the senior members of the tribes participating, who were also in charge militarily.
		Thus, the deaths of Ögedei and Möngke in 1241 and 1259, respectively, necessitated the withdrawal of Mongol leaders (and troops) from the outskirts of Vienna (in 1241) and Egypt (in 1259), hamstringing military operations against the Austrians and Mamluks that might not otherwise have failed.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Kuriltai (210 words)

	Mongolia - Successors of Chinggis, 1228-59 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The kuriltai also decided to launch a campaign against the Bulghars, Turks in the region of Kazan on the middle Volga River, and to complete the conquest of the outlying Western Xia territories.
		The kuriltai of 1235 authorized at least two more major offensive operations: one against Tibet, the other in Eastern Europe.
		The Tibetan expedition was led by Godan, son of Ogedei, and the conquest was completed in 1239.
	countrystudies.us /mongolia/14.htm (454 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Mongke
		Batu called a kuriltai in Siberia in 1250, which was protested as not being in Mongolia proper.
		However, Batu ignored the opposition, had his brother Berke call a kuriltai within Mongolia, and elected MÃ¶ngke khan in 1251.
		Realizing they had been outmaneuvered, the Ã—gedeiid faction attempted to overthrow MÃ¶ngke under the pretext of paying him homage, but their conspiracy was clumsy and easily avoided.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Mongke (523 words)

	Mongolia - Reign of Kuyuk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It was not until the summer of 1246 that a kuriltai assembled at Karakorum to select a successor to Ogedei.
		Between 1242 and 1246, Ogedei's widow, Teregene, held power as regent in preparation for the selection of her son, Kuyuk, as the new khan.
		Present during the kuriltai was the Franciscan friar, John of Plano Carpini, a papal envoy sent to ascertain the intentions of the Mongols.
	countrystudies.us /mongolia/16.htm (190 words)

	CA 54: The Mongols: THE ARMY
		At a kuriltai plans for a campaign would be discussed, how many men and horses would be needed, (at least two to three for each man), what supplies and livestock on the hoof would be necessary and what would be a suitable season to campaign.
		With the support of Tolui's widow, Sorghaghtani, he convened a kuriltai south of Lake Balkash in 1250; and Mongke, Tolui's oldest son, was proclaimed khaghan.
		The lines of Jagadai and Ogodai refused to attend, saying it wasn't official unless the kuriltai was held in the capital, Karakorum.
	members.tripod.com /~whitebard/ca6.htm (5192 words)

	Encyclopedia Haraiva (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Warriors chosen to fight together in the Kuriltai in an Arvan are called "Anda", but the blood-oath is not considered to extend beyond the duration of the Kuriltai.
		Particularly in his youth, he is expected to have martial skills and gain stature in the Kuriltai.
		Law-breaking prisoner slaves are much lower on the social scale, and officially a criminal is considered to have been redeemed in the eyes of society when their sentence is over.
	home.comcast.net /~johndunk/haraiva/Articles/Misc/EncyclopediaHaraiva.html (2865 words)

	Kurultai - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Khuriltai were imperial and tribal assemblies convened to determine, strategize and analyze military campaigns and assign individuals to leadership positions and titles.
		One such example is Genghis Khan was declared Khan in 1206 Kuriltai.
		Thus, the deaths of Ögedei and Möngke in 1241 and 1259, respectively, necessitated the withdrawal of Mongol leaders (and troops) from the outskirts of Vienna (in 1241) and from Syria (in 1259), hamstringing military operations against the Austrians and Mamluks that might otherwise have continued.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kuriltai (250 words)

	Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		At the time of his first kuriltai at Karakorum, Chinggis already was engaged in a dispute with Western Xia, the first of his wars of conquest.
		On his deathbed in 1227, he outlined to his youngest son, Tului, the plans that later would be used by his successors to complete the destruction of the Jin empire.
		The overwhelming choice of the kuriltai as Mengke's successor was his equally brilliant brother, Khubilai.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Mongolia.html (9631 words)

	The Kuriltai and the War of the Cities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Kuriltai is primarily a (relatively) non-lethal competition of the warriors.
		One of the first "events" of the Kuriltai is the cutting of the post that carries this banner.
		Some less combative Cities has not "won" a war for decades, and continue on with what is essentially a running tribute to their dominant neighbor, and a certain reputation upon its Moonborn.
	home.comcast.net /~johndunk/haraiva/Articles/Culture/kuriltai.html (754 words)

	Savitri Devi — The Lightning and the Sun — Chapter 7
		The arrival at the Mongol camp, in February 1242, of a courier from far-away Karakorum, with news of the Khakhan’s death and the order to march back to the kuriltai to be held in the homeland, put an end to the conquest of Europe.
		It stated, for instance, that, at the death of a khakhan, the princes of the Golden Family and the chieftains of the army should gather, from wherever they might happen to be, in the Mongolian homeland, for the election of a new khakhan.
		Mangu’s election to the supreme dignity of khakhan, away from the Mongol homeland, in Batu’s camp at the mouth of the River Imil, at a kuriltai at which not one of the princes of the house of Ogodai was present, was illegal from the standpoint of the Yasa.
	www.vaidilute.com /books/savitri/savitri-07.html (4751 words)

	Subedei the Warrior
		This campaign would be postponed for many years due to the physical passing away of Chingis Khan in 1227.
		Not until 1235 would the kuriltai (general assembly) decide to march against the West again.
		Subedei, the mastermind and real leader behind the illustrious European campaign of 1236-1242, laid waste the whole of Eastern Europe in the course of this theatre of operations.
	www.coldsiberia.org /subedei.htm (958 words)

	Mongolia Mengke and the War in China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He declined the offer and nominated Mengke, the eldest son of Tului (who had died in 1233), unquestionably one of the most gifted descendants of Chinggis.
		Mengke's nomination was confirmed by a kuriltai in 1251.
		He executed several of Ogedei's sons who had opposed his election and quickly restored to Mongol rule the vigor that had been lacking since the death of Chinggis.
	www.country-studies.com /mongolia/mengke-and-the-war-in-china.html (450 words)

	Amazon.com: Kuriltai: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Central Asia in the 1220s, the Mongol leadership held a kuriltai (grand assembly) in 1235, where it was decided to move...
		placed her two sons on horseback at the tribal kuriltai, or assembly, and cried to the nobles: `Seize the bridle...
		The 'Kuriltai' witnessed by Hiuan tsang in 630, was the last roll-call...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Kuriltai&tag=httpexplaguid-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (728 words)

	CA 54: The Mongols: THE LEGACY
		The Kuriltai, or great assembly, was an outstanding example of collective rule.
		Military, as well as civil matters, of the empire were debated by the khan, his family and the rest of the aristocracy.
		Even though there was open discussion in the kuriltai, the voice of the Khan usually prevailed, unless one or several of the stronger princes could pursuade him to alter his view on a matter before the kuriltai.
	members.tripod.com /~whitebard/ca7.htm (2177 words)

	[No title]
		\par \bullet }{\b\f4\fs18\cf1 Kuriltai Table}{\f4\fs18\cf1 is used to replace the Great Khan after he dies.
		If the Mongol player turn is in progress, and the Mongol player has no Great Khan on the map, he may call a Kuriltai (see rule 35.0).
		In the optional rules, the Mongol player can use the Kuriltai Table to designate a new Great Khan, but don\rquote t worry about that when playing with just the standard rules.
	grognard.com /info1/khan.doc (15806 words)

	Windows on Asia
		In a subsequent 16 years of warfare, during which he allied and changed alliances with various clans, he succeeded in defeating all the Mongol and Tatar tribes from the Altai Mountains to Manchuria, and emerged as the strongest chieftain in a confederation of clan lineages.
		In 1206 Temujin’s leadership of all Mongols was formally recognized in a Kuriltai (council) which chose him as their Khan or leader.
		Before his death, Genghis divided his territory between his four sons, and instructed the Kuriltai at Karakorum (his Mongolian capital) to elect his son Ogedei as Khan or the overseer of the others.
	www.isp.msu.edu /asianstudies/wbwoa/eastasia/Mongolia/history.html (4856 words)

	1250 - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		A plague breaks out in the city Naples (In what is now Italy), called the Naple's Plague
		A kuriltai is called by Batu Khan in Siberia as part of maneuverings to eventually elect Möngke Khan as khan of the Mongol empire in 1251.
		July 3 - Louis IX of France is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army at the Battle of Fariskur while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/1250 (526 words)

	11. The Emperor Kanghi Page 1
		They had had some relations with the Khalkas, but of China they knew nothing more than the greatness of her name.
		When the surrender of the Khalka princes became known the Eleuth chiefs held a grand assembly or kuriltai, and at this it was finally, and, indeed, ostentatiously, decided not to yield Kanghi his demands.
		Important as this decision was, it derived increased weight from the character of the man who was mainly instrumental in inducing the Eleuths to take it.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/History/China/ChinaC12P1.htm (949 words)

	Civilization III: Play The World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In time Temujin would return to claim his inheritance, forge political alliances, and vanquish old rivals.
		In 1204 AD he summoned a kuriltai war council and proceeded to unite all local nomad tribes by force.
		It was at this time he received the title 'Genghis Khan', meaning 'Great Ruler'.
	www.civ3.com /ptw_prof_mongol.cfm (912 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Genghiz Khan
		Unless someone wants to beat me to it.
		In 1206 Temüjin had successfully united the formerly fragmented tribes of what is now Mongolia, and at a kuriltai (a council of Mongol chiefs) he was titled "Genghis Khan" (also Chinggis and Jenghiz) or "Universal Ruler".
		As the great Khan, he developed a new military system that was based on the decimal system, with armies being split into groups of 10, 100, 1000 and finally a tumen (10,000).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ge/Genghiz_Khan (1081 words)

	Alternate History Discussion Board - Something Fishy about the Mongols in Europe
		Okay, the traditional justification for the Mongols withdrawl is that Ogadai, Khakhan of the Mongols, did, and Subotai urged Batu to return home to take part in choosing the new mongol.
		However, Batu did not go to the kuriltai to elect the new Khan.
		He stayed in his tent city on the Volga, and ruled over the Russians.
	www.alternatehistory.com /discussion/printthread.php?t=8196 (1104 words)

	Genghis Khan Tomb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The 67-year-old amateur historian has spent years researching Khan's life.
		He hopes to trace Khan's steps, including his birthplace and the site of what is called the Great Kuriltai — the council where 20,000 Mongolians proclaimed Genghis Khan the Khan of Khans.
		One thing Kravitz's team probably won't find is the tomb.
	richlabonte.net /exonews/xtra4/genghis_khan.htm (177 words)

	Song, Lioa, Western Xia, Yuan, Ming
		Ogedei's death in 1241, caused by alcohol, brought the western campaign to a premature end.
		The commanders heard the news as they were advancing on Vienna, and withdrew for the kuriltai in Mongolia, never again to return so far west.
		Not until Mongke Khan did any Khan take the conquest of China particularly seriously.
	www.crystalinks.com /chinadynasties3.html (3227 words)

	Burial Site May Reveal Secrets That Died with Genghis Khan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		John Woods, a history professor at the University of Chicago, said, "It is an exciting discovery because it's located near where some other important events occurred in Khan's life." Professor Woods leads the American-Mongolian team that has been scouring the steppes since last year.
		These locations include Genghis Khan's likely birthplace and the Great Kuriltai, where 20,000 people crowned him Khan of Khans, and ruler of "all who live in felt tents."
		After his crowning, the warrior let loose one of the most effective fighting forces assembled in the pre-firearms era.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2001/08/0820_wiregenghis.html (737 words)

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