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Topic: Kurmanji

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	The Kurmanji-Sorani affair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Kurmanji is spoken by the majority of the Kurds in Turkey (a minority speaks the Dimili dialect), all Kurds in today’s Syria, the regions bordering Turkey and Syria in “Iraqi Kurdistan,” the regions bordering Turkey in “Iranian Kurdistan” and the Kurds in Armenia and some other former Soviet Republics.
		Although Kurmanji is used to a certain extent in the media and the Latin script has been appearing on TV screens the spoken Sorani and the Arabic script remains dominant.
		Many Kurmanji speakers, both within the free Kurdish region and in other parts, are beginning to openly show their disappointment, even anger, that Kurmanji is being neglected in formal gatherings, schools and universities.
	www.kurdmedia.com /news.asp?id=13446 (1484 words)

	Related Articles on Kurdish Language
		In the case of Kurmanji, the northern dialect of Kurdish, the spoken language is far more developed and varied than the written language, largely due to the fact that the Turkish, Iraqi, Iranian, and Syrian governments have banned the use of Kurdish for all official purposes.
		Kurmanji lexicographers are faced with a dilemma: when dealing with a language that has yet to develop a technical vocabulary, they have the task of providing what is used by people, and on the other hand feel a duty to provide the missing technical vocabulary.
		It is this latter category that accurately represents the Kurmanji language as it is spoken, and especially as it is used by active bearers of the tradition -- although there is also a special vocabulary used in storytelling which is not part of everyday speech.
	www.kurdishacademy.org /english/articles/articles-017.html (4966 words)

	Kurmanji - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the region of Badinan (cities of Duhok, Zakho, Amedi, Sinjar, Akre, Barzan and in Mosul, Kurmanji is spoken).
		Kurmanji dialect which uses the Latin Script is the most common dialect of the Kurdish language and spoken by 80% of all Kurds.
		The Latin script in which Kurdish is written in Kurdistan of Turkey and Syria, as well as in exile communities in Europe and the United States of America, Canada and Australia is based on Jaladet Bedirkhan's (Celadet Bedirxan) alphabet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurmanji (316 words)

	The Kurdish People: an Analysis by language, geography, religion and ethnicity
		Kurmanji (Kurmanci) is the most widely spoken language of the Kurds.
		The term "Kurmanji" is applied now only to the northern forms of speech, as this is what those speakers call that language, while the Sorani Kurds call their language Kurdi ("Kurdish"), as do also some of the smaller Kurdish language groups.
		Kurmanji is also the most common inter-language used among Kurds with different mother tongues.
	endor.hsutx.edu /~obiwan/articles/kurds.html (2455 words)

	UCLA Language Materials Project Language Profiles Page
		Kurmanji (sometimes Kurmanci) is mostly confined to Turkey (4 million) and northern Iraq (2.8 million).
		Kurdi and Kurmanji are generally regarded as separate languages (McCarus 1992); while lexical similarity between the two is high, grammatical differences abound and mutually intelligibility is a problem.
		For Kurmanji there was a literary tradition that started in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, waned in the 18th and 19th centuries, but taken up again by mainly immigrant Kurds in Syria and in Europe after the French mandate ended in Syria in 1945.
	www.lmp.ucla.edu /Profile.aspx?LangID=61&menu=004 (1406 words)

	Iranica.com - YAZIDIS
		The Yazidis' cultural practices are observably Kurdish, and almost all speak Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish), with the exception of the villages of Ba¿æiqa and Baháza@ne@ in Northern Iraq, where Arabic is spoken.
		Kurmanji is the language of almost all the orally transmitted religious traditions of the Yazidis.
		The core religious texts are the qawls, hymns in Kurmanji which are often dedicated to a kòa@sásá and which make frequent allusions to events and persons not explained in the texts.
	www.iranica.com /articles/ot_grp5/ot_yazidis_20040220.html (4732 words)

	AP Wire \| 09/27/2006 \| Indiana University begins class in Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		School officials said the course in the Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish, which is spoken by nearly half the world's roughly 30 million Kurdish speakers, could help students land government jobs.
		The Kurdish area in northern Iraq is prospering and the Kurdish areas of Turkey are largely at peace and more open, making it easier to study the group, said John Walbridge, chair of the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures.
		The U.S. government has identified Kurmanji Kurdish as a critical language, which could create employment opportunities for IU students, he said.
	www.fortwayne.com /mld/newssentinel/15622693.htm (253 words)

	Kurmanji Should Live Petition
		In my opinion, a Kurmanji conference should be organized, for instance in Duhok, as soon as possible with the participation of Kurmanj linguists, academicians, and writers to determine the strategies needed to keep Kurmanji alive and ways to flourish it.
		Although the amount of Kurmanji speakers in the South is not much less than the Sorani speakers, it is very disappointing that the Iraqi Kurdish leaders and politicians treat it like a step-son.
		Furthermore, it is no doubt that Kurmanji is the widely spoken dialect of the Kurdish language spoken by 75% of all Kurds.
	www.petitiononline.com /kurmanji/petition.html (1246 words)

	YAZIDIS - (CAIS) ©
		The Yazidis' cultural practices are observably Kurdish, and almost all speak Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish), with the exception of the villages of Ba'æiqa and Baházânê in Northern Iraq, where Arabic is spoken.
		Apart from a few Arabic-speaking clans, Yazidi communities speak Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) as their first language, and their cultural practices are Kurdish.
		The core religious texts are the qawls, hymns in Kurmanji which are often dedicated to a kâssand which make frequent allusions to events and persons not explained in the texts.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/Religions/iranian/yazidis.htm (4797 words)

	Basic Linguistic Differences Between
		Nevertheless, a brief synopsis of the basic differences between the two major dialect groups is relevant for the discussion of a number of standardization issues.
		Since the author was not permitted by the 'Turkish Government to study the dialects in Turkey, MacKenzie has critically used the data collected by other students of the language to give a more comprehensive picture of dialect differentiation in all part of Kurdistan.
		It is, however, appropriate to state that, until they have had considerable previous contact, the speakers of Kurmanji and Sorani are not able to communicate effectively in all contexts.
	www.kurdishacademy.org /english/language/kurmanji-sorani.html (777 words)

	A Short Grammar of Kurmanji (Baran Rizgar) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This is a short grammar of Kurmanji Kurdish from Baran Rizgar dictionary of Kurdish-English and English Kurdish [Rizgar 1993].
		In Kurmanji, the Past Progressive Tense also indicates a constant or frequent practice in the past such as used toin English.
		It is used when the effects of a past action or event are still felt in the present or when there are no clear indications about the time that the action took place.
	www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk /~siamakr/Kurdish/KURDICA/2002/1/baran.html (1030 words)

	WSBT South Bend - Your Local News Leader - Indiana - Indiana University Begins Class In Kurmanji Dialect Of Kurdish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The university is among the first in the nation offering a class in the Kurmanji dialect.
		Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures chair John Walbridge says the Kurdish area in northern Iraq is prospering and the Kurdish areas of Turkey are largely at peace and more open, making it easier to study the group.
		Kurmanji Kurdish is spoken by nearly 15 million of the estimated 27 to 30 million Kurdish speakers worldwide.
	www.wsbt.com /news/indiana/4246886.html (175 words)

	Contrasto - Mostre
		The most popular vernacular is that of Kurmanji (or Kirmancha), spoken by about three-quarters of the Kurds today.
		Kurmanji divided into North Kurmanji (also called Bahdinani, with around 15 million speakers, primarily in Turkey, Syria, and the former Soviet Union) and South Kurmanji (also called Sorani, with about 6 million speakers, primarily in Iraq and Iran).
		The Kurds of Turkey have recently embarked on an extensive campaign of publication in the North Kurmanji dialect of Kurmanji (Bahdinani) from their publishing houses in Europe.
	www.contrasto.it /eng/exhibits/dettaglio.asp?idm=234 (3306 words)

	destur
		Kurmanji divided into North Kurmanji(also called Bahdinani, with around 15 million speakers, primarily in Turkey, Syria, and the former Soviet Union) and South Kurmanji(also called Sorani, with about 6 million speakers, primarily in Iraq and Iran).
		To the far north of Kurdistan along Kizil Irmak and Murat rivers in Turkey, Dimili (less accurately but more commonly known as Zaza) dialect is spoken by about 4 million Kurds.
		The Kurds of Turkey have recently embarked on an extensive campaign of publication in the North Kurmanji dialect of Kurmaji (Bahdinani) from their publishing houses in Europe.
	www.kurdiskarf.org /opp/wene/svensk/engelska.htm (3363 words)

	Kurdish alphabet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The form used in Turkey was derived from Latin alphabet by Celadet Alî Bedirxan in 1932, thus also called the Bedirxan script.
		It is used by Kurds in Turkey and Syria for writing Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish.
		Kurds in Iraq and Iran, mainly use this alphabet, though the Kurmanji alphabet is also in use.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurdish_alphabet (308 words)

	Welcome to Sipan's Website
		Kurmanji divided into North Kurmanji(also called Bahdinani, with around 20 million speakers, primarily in central and North Western Kurdistan and the former Soviet Union) and South Kurmanji(also called Sorani, with about 12 million speakers, primarily in South Eastern Kurdistan).
		To the far north of Kurdistan along Kizil Irmak and Murat rivers in Turkey, Dimili(less accurately but more commonly known as Zaza) dialect is spoken by about 4 million Kurds.
		The Kurds of Northern(Turkey) have recently embarked on an extensive campaign of publication in the North Kurmanji dialect of Kurmaji (Bahdinani) from their publishing houses in Europe.
	www.sipankurdistan.tripod.com (3424 words)

	Kurmanji Kurdish Lexicography: a Survey and Discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This large Kurdish-Russian dictionary purports to be the most comprehensive Kurmanji dictionary in existence.
		It is the equivalent for Kurdology of Steingass' dictionary for Persian studies: it includes everything but the kitchen sink.
		The vague designation io-k [iuzhno-kurdskii = Southern Kurdish] sometimes refers to the southernmost dialects of Kurmanji, while at other times it refers to the Sorani dialect: these are two distinct entities, and should be treated separately.
	www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk /~siamakr/Kurdish/Papers/chyet2.html (5117 words)

	US ´used chemical arms´ in Iraq :: www.rojname.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Since majority of Kurds in Turkey are Kurmanji speaking, the suppression of Kurdish language in Turkey has affected the number of publications in Kurmanji 12.3% (i.e.
		Although the first Kurdish newspaper was in Kurmanji and appeared in Arabic script, due to the suppression of Kurmanji dialect in Turkey, Sorani has become the dominant literary dialect of Kurdish in Southern Kurdistan.
		The majority of Kurmanji speakers in Turkey were again deprived of Kurdish media - except for the radio Yerevan broadcasting in Kurmanji from neighbouring Armenia.
	www.rojname.com /index.kurd?nuce=93581 (4092 words)

	Language Iraqi Arabs speak Arabic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Kurdish dialect of Kurmanji is divided into North Kurmanji (also called Bahdinani) and South Kurmanji (also called Sorani).
		South Kurmanji, or Sorani, is the language of a plurality of Kurds in Iraq.
		Major subdialects of South Kurmanji are Mukri, Ardalani, Garmiyani, Khushnow, Pizhdar, Warmawa, Kirmanshahi, and Arbili (or Sorani proper).
	www.hood.army.mil /G5_Civil_Affairs/Smart_book/language.htm (296 words)

	ANN/Groong - Interview with Aziz Tamoyan
		You said that the Yezidi have no connection with the Kurds which is very confusing for me because, for example, we know that the Yezidi speak the Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish.
		I know that you say that the languages are not the same but I got the impression that at some point, she considered that they were.
		She said that she had suggested calling the language Kurmanji but had received many complaints.
	www.groong.org /orig/ok-20040916.html (2096 words)

	Indiana University begins class in Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish
		Kurmanji, also called Northern Kurdish, is the most widely spoken dialect of the language, used by approximately half of the estimated 27 to 30 million Kurds worldwide, most are from Iran, Iraq and Turkey, with smaller populations in Syria, Lebanon, the Caucuses and Central Asia, a new release said.
		Kurdish is classified as an Iranian language and is closely related to Persian, Tajik and Pashto, all of which are also taught at IU.
		All documents and images on this website are copyrighted and may not be used without the express
	www.ekurd.net /mismas/articles/misc2006/9/kurdsworldwide125.htm (655 words)

	Oneworld Multimedia :: Minority Language Education Problem for Armenia’s Yezidi Community :: October :: 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		However, the language spoken by Yezidi worldwide is the Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish and is usually written in Latin or Arabic.
		Basically, the new textbooks are reportedly being refused by some Yezidi schools — something that UNICEF also confirmed to me on Friday, but adding that this problem was “beyond our remit” — and the division among the Yezidis in Armenia is manifesting itself as a problem in the area of minority language education.
		The problem is that most Yezidis all over the world identify themselves first by their religion, but in Armenia this has been used in official circles to therefore define themselves as a separate ethnic group.
	oneworld.blogsome.com /2006/10/08/minority-education-problem-for-armenias-yezidis (4725 words)

	Kurdistan - Kurdish Conflict
		In Iraq, the Kurdish dialect of Kurmanji is divided into North Kurmanji (also called Bahdinani) and South Kurmanji (also called Sorani).
		In Iraq, the dominant dialects are Kurmanji (Northern) Kurdish and Surani (Southern) Kurdish.
		Kurdish Muslims are mostly of the Sunni branch, but mainly follow the Shafi’i school of Sunni Islam, which distinguishes them from the majority of the Iraqi Arab Sunni Muslim population, which is primarily of the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/kurdistan.htm (2175 words)

	English to Kurdish translation information
		The Kurmanji branch consists of the sub-dialects, Northern Kurmanji and Southern Kurmanji (also called Sorani.) The Gorani branch consists of the sub-dialects: Kakeyi, Hewrami and Zazaki.
		Northern Kurmanji (also called Kurmanji) is spoken by Kurds in Turkey, Syria, the former Soviet Union, Northern regions of Western Azarbaijan province, Northern Khorasan of Iran and Dohuk and Mosul governorates in Iraqi Kurdistan.
		Southern Kurmanji is spoken by most Iraqi and Iranian Kurds.
	www.a2ztranslate.com /kurdishtranslation.asp (440 words)

	Are Kurds a pariah minority? Social Research - Find Articles
		Generally speaking, the two most important Kurdish dialects are Kurmanji (sometimes called Bahdahnani, after a nineteenth-century emirate) and Sorani.
		Kurmanji is spoken in Syria, Turkey, and the northernmost portions of Iraq; Sorani is spoken in northwestern Iraq and Iran.
		Many Alevis in Turkey speak Zaza, a language more closely related to the Caspian languages of Iran than to Sorani or Kurmanji (Mutlu, 1996: 518-519).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2267/is_1_70/ai_102140955/pg_26 (920 words)

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