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	Kurt Reidemeister - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kurt Werner Friedrich Reidemeister (October 13, 1893 - July 8, 1971) was a mathematician born in Brunswick, Germany.
		Reidemeister's interests were mainly in combinatorial group theory, combinatorial topology, and the foundations of geometry.
		He is known for Reidemeister moves (see Knot theory) and Reidemeister torsion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurt_Reidemeister (158 words)

	Reidemeister (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Kurt Reidemeister was examined as a student by Landau and became an assistant of Hecke.
		On Hahn's recommendation, Reidemeister was appointed as associate professor of geometry at the University of Vienna in 1923.
		Reidemeister had an important influence on group theory, partly through his work on knots and groups, partly through his influence on Schreier.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Reidemeister.html (444 words)

	ipedia.com: Knot theory Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1927, working with this diagrammatic form of knots, Kurt Reidemeister demonstrated that all the allowable moves on a knot could be reduced to three kinds of move on the diagram, shown left.
		Reidemeister was the first to mathematically demonstrate that knots really exist - that is, that there really are knots that are not equivalent to the unknot.
		He did this by inventing the first knot invariant, demonstrating a property of a knot diagram which is not changed when we apply any of the Reidemeister moves.
	www.ipedia.com /knot_theory.html (640 words)

	American Mathematical Monthly, The: Knots: Mathematics with a Twist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the 1920s Kurt Reidemeister proved an elementary and important theorem that translated the problem of determining the topological type of a knot or link into a problem in combinatorics.
		Reidemeister observed that any knot or link could be represented by a diagram, that is, a graph in the plane with four edges locally incident to each node, with extra structure at each node that indicates an over-crossing of one local are (consisting of two local edges in the graph) with another (see Figure 1).
		Reidemeister showed that two diagrams represent the same topological type (of knottedness or linkedness) if and only if one diagram can be obtained from another by planar homeomorphisms coupled with a finite sequence of the Reidemeister moves illustrated in Figure 2.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3742/is_200411/ai_n9471591 (1381 words)

	CSC 370 Programming Assignment 4 - Prolog
		Kurt Reidemeister (1948) showed that any unknot can be untangled by performing an appropriate series of only three types of moves, called Reidemeister moves.
		The presence of a Reidemeister Type I move ("twist") in a knot diagram corresponds to an adjacent pair of crossings with identical crossing-names in the tripcode.
		It must find and perform all possible Reidemeister Type I and Type II moves, displaying the type of move and the crossing(s) involved as the moves are performed.
	www.augustana.ab.ca /~mohrj/courses/2002.fall/csc370/assignments/prolog.knot.html (1227 words)

	Kurt Reidemeister's contributions to knot theory: Epistemic configurations in mathematical research practice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Kurt Reidemeister's contributions to knot theory: Epistemic configurations in mathematical research practice
		Correspondingly, Reidemeister presented the young field in a rather modernistic style, based on "new elementary foundations" which he himself had proposed a few years earlier.
		A closer look at Reidemeister's research practice reveals, however, that his own main contributions to knot theory were NOT obtained within this new framework, but rather in a more traditional framework of geometric and topological thinking which he had encountered in Vienna.
	www.ivh.au.dk /kollokvier/moritz_epple_27_10_99.dk.html (169 words)

	How do we work with knots? (The Reidemeister moves) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1926, Kurt Reidemeister (ride-a-my-stir) proved that if we have different representations (or projections) of the same knot, we can get one to look like the other using just three simple types of moves.
		One thing to note in the above method is that even though by every Reidemeister move we make on the knot it changes the projection of the knot but it does not in any way change the knot represented by this projection.
		Kurt Reidemeister proved that if the knot is represented by two distinct projections there has to be a way in which any combination of the Reidemeister moves can be performed on one projection to get to the other.
	www.cse.iitb.ac.in /~sohoni/cs336_04/projects/text_knot/node6.html (157 words)

	Reviews for Reidemeister (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The third chapter deals with knot groups: definition by generators and relations from a projection, invariance, equivalence with the fundamental group of the knot complement, calculation of the group of special families of knots.
		Although the quality of print and illustrations of this 1983 printing is not as good as that of modern books, it is impressive to see how its content remains up-to-date for the whole of knot theory preceding the "Jones revolution".
		Where Reidemeister's terminology was different from the 1983 terminology, the translators adapted it, while respecting the spirit of the original book.
	www.harbornet.com /bcsassociates/rev_rei.html (300 words)

	Knots and Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It may seem like there are almost endless ways to manipulate a knot-from carefully sliding one strand across another to picking the whole thing up and shaking it wildly about.
		Kurt Reidemeister (1893-1971) showed that all of the ways to rearrange a knot can be built from a combination of three basic moves (known as Reidemeister moves, illustrated right).
		Thus, the simplest-and probably most frustrating-way to determine whether or not two knots are the same is by manipulating them, using the Reidemeister moves, until they look exactly alike.
	lucien.blight.com /~cr/knots.html (1505 words)

	Knot Theory
		Kurt Reidemeister showed in 1932 that any diagram of a knot can be turned into any other diagram of the same knot using a kit of 3 moves called the
		Unfortunately, for the purposes of working out whether two knots are the same, it can take an enormous number of Reidemeister moves to get from one diagram to another.
		Monster diagram with Reidemeister moves involves a temporary increase in the number of crossings.
	f2.org /maths/kt (370 words)

	Illinois Institute of Technology - Applied Mathematics Department: Karl Menger
		Kurt Gödel (mathematician, a student of Hahn's, went to Princeton in 1938),
		Kurt Reidemeister (professor of geometry at the University of Vienna; departed in 1927)
		The proceedings of the Colloquium (from 1928/29 through 1935/36) were edited and published by Menger (with the help of Kurt Gödel, Georg Nöbeling, Abraham Wald and Franz Alt) in the Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums.
	www.math.iit.edu /Menger/menger.html (4505 words)

	Motivate : Stephen's talk
		In 1926 the topologist Kurt Reidemeister proved that two projections of the same knot can be related by a sequence of moves, which we now call the Reidemeister moves.
		The projection is called three-colourable if you can draw it such that at every crossing the three arcs are always either the same colour or use all three colours.
		It is fairly easy to see that the types 1 and 2 Reidemeister moves preserve three-colourings.
	www.motivate.maths.org /conferences/conf28/c_28_talk.shtml (1174 words)

	[No title]
		Godel +------------------------------------------------------------ Godel G"odel Kurt (1906-1978) +------------------------------------------------------------
		Hensel +------------------------------------------------------------ Hensel Hensel Kurt (1861-1941) +------------------------------------------------------------
		Hirsch +------------------------------------------------------------ Hirsch Hirsch Kurt (1906-1986) +------------------------------------------------------------
	www.math.harvard.edu /~knill/sofia/data/mathematicians.txt (6427 words)

	Wilhelm Wirtinger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He collaborated with Kurt Reidemeister on knot theory, showing in 1905 how to compute the fundamental group of a knot.
		In 1907 the Royal Society of London awarded him the Sylvester Medal, for his contributions to the general theory of functions.
		Among his students were Wilhelm Blaschke, Leopold Vietoris, Erwin Schrödinger, and Kurt Gödel.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/W/Wilhelm-Wirtinger.htm (255 words)

	Showing Knot Equivalence *(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)*
		In the 1920's Kurt Reidemeister proved the following theorem.
		There are just three kind of such equivalence moves, which are called the Reidemeister moves.
		While it may seem obvious that performing a Reidemeister move leads to an ambient isotopic knot, the important fact is the sufficiency of these moves: if two knot projections cannot be connected by a series of such moves, they definitely belong to inequivalent knots.
	www.inst.bnl.gov /~wei/eq.html (322 words)

	Knot Theory Online - The Web Site for Learning More about Mathematical Knot Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This means we use the Reidemeister moves (from above) to get as few crossings in the knot as possible.
		Once we simplify the knot so that we cannot remove any further crossings, the knot is classified by the number of crossings that remain.
		The unknotting number is the least number of crossing changes necessary to turn a knot into the unknot.
	www.freelearning.com /knots/intro.htm (1095 words)

	UMD - Graduate Student Topology/Geometry Seminar
		I'll quickly define the (algebraic) torsion of an acyclic chain complex over a field, then use twisted homology to define twisted torsions of CW-complexes.
		Kurt Reidemeister originally introduced what we now call Reidemeister torsion to study three-dimensional lens spaces, so I'll finish by computing their torsions, and show how torsion distinguishes lens spaces.
		It has been well known that there are two types of complete affine structures on a 2-torus: Euclidean and non-Riemannian.
	www.math.umd.edu /research/seminars/sgeometry/abstracts.html (1573 words)

	The Central Problem of Knot Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		What was needed was a simple set of rules for working with knots.
		Finally, German mathematician Kurt Reidemeister (1893-1971) proved that all the different transformations on knots could be described in terms of three simple moves.
		The next section will give us the simple tools we need to begin working with knots in a mathematical context.
	www.cse.iitb.ac.in /~sohoni/cs336_04/projects/text_knot/node5.html (195 words)

	Search Results for Landau (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1925 Kurt moved to Gottingen where he attended lectures by Emmy Noether, Courant, Landau, Born, Heisenberg, Hilbert and Ostrowski and acted as unpaid assistant to Norbert Wiener.
		In 1971 Novikov became head of the Mathematics Division at the L D Landau (Lev Landau) Institute for Theoretical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
		In 1921 Plessner went to Gottingen where he took courses on Dirichlet series and Galois theory by Landau; algebraic number fields by Emmy Noether; and calculus of variations by Courant.
	mirror.math.nankai.edu.cn /mirror/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Search/historysearch.cgi-SUGGESTION=Landau&CONTEXT=1.htm (2014 words)

	Bemerkungen zur Knotentheorie (Remarks on Knot Theory)
		An English translation was published: Knot theory by Kurt Reidemeister ; translated from the German and edited by Leo F.
		Addition of a pair of crossings via a type II Reidemeister move
		Removal of a pair of crossings via a type II Reidemeister move
	f2.org /maths/kt/goeritz1934.html (381 words)

	Edge: GÖDEL AND THE NATURE OF MATHEMATICAL TRUTH II — Verena Huber-Dyson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		During my postdoc year at the Institute and then while teaching at Goucher College in Baltimore I was working with Kurt Reidemeister, a fellow at the IAS for the two academic years 1948-1950.
		The Gödel's and the Reidemeister's had known each other in Europe, maybe in Königsberg, though during the forties Reidemeister was a professor at Marburg.
		Invariably Adele would heave a deep sigh and declare what a relief it was to be driving such good friends without having to worry about a genius in her car.
	www.unomaha.edu /logic/pictures/dyson/vhd05_index.html (9151 words)

	Countrybookshop.co.uk - Torsions of 3-dimensional Manifolds
		Please note that we cannot guarantee supply if the title is out of print or being reprinted
		This text is concerned with one of the most interesting and important topological invariants of 3-dimensional manifolds - the maximal abelian torsion - based on an original idea of Kurt Reidemeister (1935).
		It contains a systematic exposition of the theory of maximal abelian torsions of 3-manifolds, mainly focusing on topological properties of the torsion.
	www.countrybookshop.co.uk /books/index.phtml?whatfor=3764369116 (152 words)

	Logical Positivism - Godulike - An Irreverent Look at the Faith Industry
		He was still trying to figure it all out when, at the age of 62, he died.
		Then in 1924 came The Vienna Circle of Moritz Schlick, Hans Hahn, Otto Neurath, Victor Craft, Kurt Reidemeister, Felix Kaufmann and Rudolph Carnap.
		The Vienna boys set themselves up as a discussion group with a simple task.
	www.godulike.co.uk /faiths.php?chapter=61&subject=who (773 words)

	The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Kurt Reidemeister (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Click here to see the students ordered by last name.
		According to our current on-line database, Kurt Reidemeister has 5 students and 340 descendants.
		If you have additional information or corrections regarding this mathematician, please use the update form.
	genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu /html/id.phtml?id=15252&fChrono=1 (99 words)

	8th July
		Mathematicians who were born or died on 8th July
		Click here for a poster of Johann Regiomontanus and here for a poster of Christiaan Huygens and here for a poster of Kurt Reidemeister
		You, who wish to study great and wonderful things, who wonder about the movement of the stars, must read these theorems about triangles.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Day_files/Day708.html (72 words)

	EINFUHRUNG IN DIE KOMBINATONISCHE TOPOLOGIE REIDEMEISTER, KURT. Discount Books. Discounted Books and Discounts.
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	www.books-uncovered.co.uk /discounts/45/44351.htm (203 words)

	MATH NEWS
		However, the 20th century witnessed at least three crises that shook the foundations on which the certainty of mathematics seemed to rest.
		The first was the work of Kurt Goedel, who proved in the 1930s that any sufficiently rich axiom system is guaranteed to possess statements that cannot be proved or disproved within the system.
		The second crisis concerned the Four-Color Theorem, whose statement is so simple a child could grasp it but whose proof necessitated lengthy and intensive computer calculations.
	alpha01.dm.unito.it /personalpages/cerruti/mathnews.html (12676 words)

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