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Topic: Kurt von Schuschnigg

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Kurt Schuschnigg

Englebert Dolfuss

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Anschluss

Austrofascism

History of Austria

Comintern

Heimwehr

University College Nottingham

Siege warfare

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	Kurt Schuschnigg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kurt Schuschnigg (14 December 1897 in Riva del Garda, Austria-Hungary – 18 November 1977 in Mutters, Austria; Kurt von Schuschnigg until 1919) was an Austrian politician who in 1934 succeeded the assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss as dictator of Austria, as leader of the regime often called Austrofascism.
		Schuschnigg attempted to regain control of the situation by arranging for a plebiscite to be held on 13 March.
		However, the use of the particle "von", which denotes nobility, is an anachronism for the time when he was active as a politician, since nobility was abolished in Austria in 1919.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurt_von_Schuschnigg (318 words)

	Kurt Schuschnigg - Wikipedia
		Kurt Edler von Schuschnigg (14 december 1897 – 18 november 1977), sinds het afschaffen van de adel in Oostenrijk (1919) Kurt Schuschnigg, was een Oostenrijks bondskanselier (1934-1938).
		Kurt von Schuschnigg werd geboren in Riva en studeerde rechten te Innsbruck.
		Schuschnigg en Schmidt keerden echter terug, nadat ze slechts enkele kleine concessies hadden gedaan.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurt_von_Schuschnigg (481 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Austrian Requiem, by Kurt von Schuschnigg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		...Schuschnigg held at different times the ministries of education and justice, was finally able, by means of a bloody Putsch in which several thousand Austrian Socialists were killed, to dissolve the Austrian parliament, and establish the authoritarian regime for which the clericalists had worked since 198...
		...Schuschnigg rejected, and still rejects, any democratic solution, that he opposed the Nazis mainly for geographical reasons-and is stupid enough to be honest about it...
		...Schuschnigg was arrested and kept imprisoned until the end of the war in various Nazi jails and concentration camps...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V4I4P105-1.htm (1075 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ernst Rudiger von Starhemberg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Eventually von Starhemberg’s movement became powerful enough to threaten the government, and as such the chancellor tried to appease him by appointing him Minister of the Interior in September of 1930.
		Von Starhemberg lost his position shortly thereafter, however, when the Heimwehr’s political wing did poorly in Parliamentary elections and a branch of the Heimwehr attempted to seize hold of Vienna in 1931.
		After Austria was united with Germany in 1938, von Starhemberg fled the country and served in the British and Free French air forces for a short period of time at the beginning of World War II.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ernst-Rudiger-von-Starhemberg (498 words)

	Kurt Schuschnigg -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After the war Schuschnigg became a (A professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice) lawyer in (City in southwestern Austria; known as a summer and winter resort) Innsbruck.
		Schuschnigg attempted to regain control of the situation by arranging for a (A vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance) plebiscite to be held on 13 March.
		Schuschnigg resigned, was imprisoned by the Nazis, and only freed by (A native or inhabitant of the United States) American troops in 1945.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ku/kurt_schuschnigg.htm (396 words)

	Schuschnigg, Kurt von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		He served (1932–34) as minister of justice and education and helped Engelbert Dollfuss repress the Social Democrats and organize the corporative state.
		In 1936, Schuschnigg forced the resignation of E. von Starhemberg as vice chancellor and became sole head of the semifascist state.
		Schuschnigg’s efforts to prevent German absorption of Austria were successful until he lost (1937) the support of Benito Mussolini.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sc/Schuschn.html (176 words)

	Austria - Growing German Pressure on Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Schuschnigg's political survival directly depended on Italian support for an independent Austria, but by 1935 Mussolini was already moving toward accommodation with Hitler and began to advise Schuschnigg to do the same.
		Schuschnigg was in fact prepared to make concessions to Germany, if Hitler in turn would make a clear statement recognizing Austrian independence.
		Schuschnigg, however, did not understand the degree to which even moderate nationalists, whose support he needed, were already operating as fronts for Hitler and the Nazis.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-803.html (439 words)

	Kurt von Schuschnigg Biography / Biography of Kurt von Schuschnigg Biography Biography
		The Austrian statesman Kurt von Schuschnigg (1897-1977) served as chancellor of Austria from 1934 to 1938.
		Kurt von Schuschnigg was born on December 14, 1897, at Riva on Lake Garda (now a part of Italy).
		In 1932 Schuschnigg was named Austrian minister of justice, and in 1933 he assumed the portfolio of the Ministry of Education in addition to his earlier post.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-kurt-von-schuschnigg/index.html (595 words)

	Kurt von Schuschnigg
		Kurt von Schuschnigg was born in Trento, Austria-Hungary, on 14th December, 1897.
		Schuschnigg capitulated to Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden in February, 1938.
		Schuschnigg was imprisoned by the Nazi Government until he was liberated by American troops in 1945.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /GERschuschnigg.htm (400 words)

	The History Place - Triumph of Hitler
		His very first victim was Dr. Kurt von Schuschnigg, Chancellor of Austria, a country being torn apart from within by Nazi agitators and also feeling threatened from the outside by Germany's newfound military strength.
		Schuschnigg was somewhat taken aback by this, but it was too late to change anything now.
		As for Dr. Kurt von Schuschnigg, the man who had defied Hitler, he was arrested by the Gestapo and spent several years in a variety of Nazi concentration camps including Dachau and Sachsenhausen.
	www.historyplace.com /worldwar2/triumph/tr-austria.htm (2747 words)

	uphabsot
		Otto von Habsburg also promoted future Hungarian and Czechoslovak independence, worked to increase Allied response to the Holocaust, and obtained assurances that ethnic Germans in Czechoslovakia would not be driven from the Sudetenland after the war.
		Otto von Habsburg is the author of over 35 books on politics, history and biography published in several languages, and contributes regular columns to international publications on the subject of European socio politics and union.
		His eldest son, Karl von Habsburg-Lothringen is President of the Pan Europa Union in Austria and currently serves as the elected OVP Party representative of Austria to the European Parliament.
	www.kolumbus.fi /allkiv/uphabsot.html (750 words)

	"Radio Days - Anschluss"
		Schuschnigg was banking that the Austrian Nazi's would be condemned by Italy, England and France.
		Schuschnigg's hand was strengthened by the Austrian Socialst party and it appeared once more that Schuschnigg had won the day.
		Fifthly: the Austrian Legion of Nazi exiles be readmitted to Austria.
	www.otr.com /austria.html (1766 words)

	Trials of German Major War Criminals: Volume 1
		I, therefore, submit an application to the Court that the written evidence of the witness, von Schuschnigg, be not admitted.
		In the event of von Schuschnigg not being able to be produced the question of affidavit-evidence by von Schuschnigg being given will be reconsidered.
		In a conversation with von Papen shortly after his appointment as German Minister to Austria in 1934, he frankly stated to me that 'South-eastern Europe to Turkey is "Germany's Hinterland" and I have been designated to carry through the task of bringing it within the fold.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/hweb/imt/tgmwc/tgmwc-01/tgmwc-01-07-06.shtml (3404 words)

	Biographie: Kurt von Schuschnigg, 1897-1977
		Dezember: Kurt von Schuschnigg wird als Sohn eines Generalmajors in Riva (Gardasee) geboren.
		Februar: Adolf Hitler droht Schuschnigg auf der Konferenz von Berchtesgaden mit dem Einmarsch der Wehrmacht in Österreich und erzwingt Schuschniggs Einwilligung, das Verbot der österreichischen NSDAP aufzuheben und die Nationalsozialisten an der Regierung zu beteiligen.
		Schuschnigg wird in Wien unter Aufsicht der Geheimen Staatspolizei (Gestapo) gefangengehalten.
	www.dhm.de /lemo/html/biografien/SchuschniggKurt/index.html (435 words)

	Kurt von Schuschnigg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Kurt von Schuschnigg (el 14 de diciembre de 1897 - el 18 de noviembre de 1977) era un político austríaco que en 1934 tuvo éxito el Engelbert asesinado Dollfuss como dictador de Austria, y en 1938 fue encarcelado por Nazi Alemania en el Anschluss.
		Schuschnigg procuró recuperar el control de la situación arreglando para que un plebiscito sea sujetado la 13 de marcha.
		Schuschnigg dimitido, fue encarcelado por los nazis, y liberado solamente por las tropas american en 1945.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/ku/Kurt%20von%20Schuschnigg.htm (279 words)

	Kurt von Schuschnigg - IBWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Kurt von Schuschnigg (14 December 1897 - July 30, 1934) was the top pick to succeed Engelbert Dollfuß, but before he could take command of the country, he, too, was assassinated by the Reich-Anschluß-Partei (RAP).
		It is widely believed by historians that had Schuschnigg continued and been able to follow the path set by Dollfuß Austrosnorism would have been born, and would have rivaled the SNORism of Russia.
		After the assassination of Dollfuß, Schuschnigg and party bosses were rapidly assembling the governmeent, but just prior to a planned dismantling of the Heimwehr, the national paramilitary force, Schuschnigg himself was assassinated.
	ib.frath.net /w/Kurt_von_Schuschnigg (246 words)

	Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		El movimiento de von Starhemberg llegó a ser eventual bastante de gran alcance para amenazar el gobierno, y como tal el canciller intentado para apaciguirlo designándolo ministro del interior en septiembre de 1930.
		Von Starhemberg perdió su posición pronto después de eso, sin embargo, cuando el ala política del Heimwehr hizo mal en elecciones parlamentarias y un sucursal del Heimwehr procurado para agarrar el asimiento de Viena en 1931.
		Para sus esfuerzos, von Starhemberg hizo vice canciller de Dollfuss en mayo de 1934.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/er/Ernst%20R%FCdiger%20von%20Starhemberg.htm (522 words)

	Bright Lights Film Journal \| The Sound of Music
		Von Trapp's Austrian nation is one of polyglot Mitteleuropa, not of a Greater-Germany and it is this historical legitimism of the post-1918 Austrian state that von Trapp as aristocratic/conservative element of the Ständestaat locates his patriotism.
		Von Trapp, who represents the imperial patriarchy, is shown at the head of the family table, the microcosm of the nation.
		Von Trapp's identity is shifted after the Anschluss: the order regarding his naval commission comes from the center of the new Greater German Reich, Berlin, (Vienna having been degraded to a provincial capital) and it requests he report to Bremerhaven, a Protestant northern German port city that has little in common with Terra Austria.
	www.brightlightsfilm.com /41/soundofmusic.htm (6595 words)

	Schuschnigg, Kurt von on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He served (1932-34) as minister of justice and education and helped Engelbert Dollfuss repress the Social Democrats and organize the corporative state.
		Archduke Otto Von Habsburg and American Hungarian emigres during and after World War II.
		A destiny of guilt: the crisis of postimperial Austrian identity and the Anschluss in Alexander Lernet-Holenia's 'Der Graf von Saint Germain.'
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s/schuschn.asp (304 words)

	Two Plaques in the Karlskirche
		Schuschnigg continued to rule without Parliament and with a sizeable portion of the population now bitter, alienated, and lacking any means of expressing their concerns politically.
		Schuschnigg was advised from all sides to seek an accommodation with the Germans.
		Schuschnigg left Vienna for Berchtesgaden on February 11 not suspecting that Hitler would shortly have in his hands all the specifics of that fall-back position.
	jspc.library.wisc.edu /issues/1998-1999/article6.html (5992 words)

	Kurt von Schuschnigg
		Kurt von Schuschnigg (14 December 1897 - 18 November 1977) was an Austrian politician who in 1934 succeeded the assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss as chancellor of Austria, and in 1938 was imprisoned by Nazi Germany in the Anschluss.
		When Dollfuss was assassinated in 1934, Schuschnigg became Austria's new chancellor.
		However, this move was undermined when the German Army invaded two days before the plebiscite was due to take place.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/kurt_von_schuschnigg (288 words)

	Kurt Schuschnigg - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Kurt Schuschnigg - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Kurt Schuschnigg (14 December 1897 in Riva del Garda, Austria-Hungary – 18 November 1977 in Mutters, Austria; Kurt von Schuschnigg until 1919) was an Austrian politician who in 1934 succeeded the assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss as dictator of Austria, as leader of the regime often called Austrofascism.
		The article about Kurt Schuschnigg contains information related to Kurt Schuschnigg and Works.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Kurt_Schuschnigg (338 words)

	Engelbert Dollfuss 1, The Condensed Version
		The Nazis after surrendering were put to death and Kurt von Schuschnigg then became Chancellor of Austria.
		Von Schuschnigg was arrested and thrown into prison and not released until the war was over, by the victorious Allies.
		He then emigrated to the United States, where he taught at Saint Louis University until his retirement in 1968, after which he returned to his Fatherland to spend the remainder of his days and to be buried in his native soil.
	www.falange.net /dollfuss1.htm (1094 words)

	Zita von Bourbon-Parma
		Von dort wurde er durch die piemontesische Armee vertrieben und fand zusammen mit seiner zweiten Frau Maria Antonia von Braganza in Schwarzau am Steinfeld (Niederösterreich) Zuflucht.
		Dezember wurde sie in in Budapest zur Königin von Ungarn gekrönt.
		Das Habsburgergesetz von 1919 wurde von Kanzler Kurt Schuschnigg teilweise aufgehoben.
	www.weblexikon.de /Zita_von_Bourbon-Parma.html (1136 words)

	[No title]
		Von Schuschnigg agrees to bring members of the opposition into government.
		Schuschnigg returns to Vienna and begins planning plebiscite on the question of maintaining “a free and German, independent and social; a Christian and united Austria; for peace and work and equality of all who declare themselves for nation and fatherland” Mar. 10 - Nazi sympathizers in the cabinent demand plebiscite be postponed.
		KDP increases its representation Dec. - General Kurt von Schleicher appointed chancellor but is unable to form a governing coalition without cooperation of Hitler.
	worldatwar.net /timeline/autocracy/autocracy.doc (4164 words)

	Zita von Bourbon-Parma - netlexikon
		Zitas Vater, Robert von Parma war von der piemontesischen Armee vertrieben worden und fand zusammen mit seiner zweiten Frau Maria Antonia von Braganza in Schwarzau Zuflucht.
		Mai: Zita von Bourbon-Parma wird als Tochter des letzten regierenden Herzogs von Parma, Robert und seiner zweiten Frau, Antonia von Braganza in der Villa delle Pianore in Italien geboren.
		1951 Otto von Habsburg heiratet in Nancy Prinzessin Regina von Sachsen-Meiningen (5 Töchter, 2 Söhne).
	www.lexikon-definition.de /Zita-von-Bourbon-Parma.html (1193 words)

	Marching Toward War: Austria
		Schuschnigg resigns, and will form a new government.
		Hitler says, "from midnight, I give you 48 hours." Schuschnigg has two days to yield key positions in the Austrian government to the Nazis.
		France can do nothing alone...but tell Herr Schuschnigg, we are very sorry." At 7 pm the Chancellor of Austria speaks in a radio address: President Nicolas has asked him to tell Austrians that he has "yielded only to force." [Marching sound again.] Hitler rolls in with his Mercedes.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~MA04/wood/mot/html/austria.htm (2693 words)

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