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Topic: Kushaura

In the News (Wed 16 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

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Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Mbira.org: Shona Mbira Music
		Each piece in the traditional repertoire includes a kushaura (leading) part and a kutsinhira (intertwining) part.
		The kushaura musician starts playing his mbira part at the point in the cycle that he hears at that moment.
		This requires an extremely complex solo style which leaves the musician and listeners satisfied that both kushaura and kutsinhira are present.
	www.mbira.org /mbiramusic.html (438 words)

	2002 Zimbabwean Music Festival: Mbira Workshops
		Cosmas will teach the kushaura and, time permitting, the kutsinhira to Karigamombe, which means “one who knocks down a cow.” Parents and children are encouraged to both register and learn to play the mbira together.
		Learn kushaura, kutsinhira, and singing to “The cattle have come.” This song is sung after cattle have been paid to compensate an ngozi (aggrieved spirit).
		Kushaura and kutsinhira will be taught, time permitting.
	www.zimfest.org /2002/mbira.html (715 words)

	Tape 46 c (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Kushaura player, then kutsinhira player enters with contrasting melody, then hosho (rattle) enters.
		Kushaura and kutsinhira players alter their patterns with variations and improvisations.
		Kushaura pattern, then kutsinhira player adds similar part, alternating with other patterns.
	music.library.wisc.edu /ereserves/anderson401/tape46c.htm (195 words)

	Dandemutande Information Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		All levels, but know at least one or two pieces from another teacher.
		Kushaura part to Beauler's composition "Unozofa", an AIDS awareness song.
		Erica Azim will teach the kutsinhira part to more advanced students during the 2nd hour, while Beauler continues to teach kushaura to beginning students.
	www.dandemutande.org /ListserveDisplay.asp?i=1199 (245 words)

	Mbira: Constraint and Mobility in Shona Society
		The kushaura is the lead part, or the solo part; if there is only one player at a ceremony, the player will play the kushaura.
		The kushaura and kutsinhira parts can also be seen as "call and response" patterns.
		The Shona even have words for the variations that are added to the kushaura and kutsinhira parts: musaku means variation, zvara means fingerings, madunhurirwai means a speech exaggeration, and miridziro means ways of playing (Berliner 94).
	www2.kenyon.edu /Projects/Ottenhoff/paper.htm (5721 words)

	Mbira
		Mbira music lends itself to rhythmic and melodic diversity, and entails a great deal of improvisation, qualities common to African traditional music.
		The compositions usually consist of a main melodic part (kushaura), and a secondary melodic part (kutsinhira).
		A special attention should be paid to the combination of quadruple (4/4) and triple 3/4 meters within the rhythmic structure of the music.
	www.music.vt.edu /musicdictionary/textm/Mbira.html (1188 words)

	Music of Sub-Saharan Africa
		Two players are needed to play separate and complementary parts.
		completely different accompanying part is composed to interlock with kushaura
		Hand clapping, dance movements and vocal melodies can be added.
	web.txwesleyan.edu /sociology/horsfall/AfricaMu.html (587 words)

	2001 Zimbabwean Music Festival
		Cosmas will teach a simple but hauntingly beautiful kushaura part to Mukatiende, as well as the kutsinhira for those who are able.
		In addition to the basic kushaura line, a high line will be taught, as well as other variations as time permits.
		This version can be played to accompany either the standard kushaura line or the version Musekiwa will teach at Zimfest.
	www.zimfest.org /2001/mbira.html (837 words)

	Newton Gwara-Mhumhi Records (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		He tends to play Kutsinira with his left hand and Kushaura with his right hand simultaneously.
		Also his interpretation is often that Kutsinira plays the bass lines and Kushaura plays the higher left-hand part or melody of the song.
		This makes for a good time as a kushaura player as you can sit back and be amazed by Matemais bass lines!
	rattletree.com /Newtongwara.htm (758 words)

	Plattsburgh State - Dr. Drew Waters
		When two players are present, they play complementary parts that interlock to create a whole.
		On part is called the kushaura (“to lead”) the other is called kutsinhira (“to follow”).
		Electric guitars and bass split the kushaura ostinato, while the keyboard plays the kutsinhira part.
	faculty.plattsburgh.edu /andrew.waters/world_master_list.htm (7745 words)

	HumanSongs.com - Chris Berry and Rujeko Dumbutshena
		The bright metallic sound of the mbira keys blends perfectly with the warm strings of the guitars to complement rich vocal harmonies and soulful lyrics.
		Featuring Zivanai Masango (formerly of of Thomas Mapfumo's Blacks Unlimited) on lead guitar and Rob Ehrlich on "kushaura guitar".
		Panjea is Chris's constantly-evolving World Beat band, started in Harare in the mid-90's.
	www.humansongs.com /chrisberry.htm (424 words)

	Entertainment: Cincinnati.Com
		It should always be played by pairs of musicians who interlock their thumbs and who interlock different musical parts.
		The music for the mbira has "kushaura" (lead) and "kutsinhira" or (accompanying) parts.
		The most common performance context is an all-night ceremony called a bira used for ancestral worship.
	www.cincinnati.com /freetime/stories/053002_festivalinstruments.html (728 words)

	Mbira.org: Catalog Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The kushaura and kutsinhira parts to this piece are the same, with the kutsinhira part starting one note later than the kushaura.
		One of very few young women mbira players, Nyarai primarily plays basic kushaura parts that will be easy for mbira students to learn from this recording.
		However, on tracks 1 and 8, hear her mbira get lively playing rhythmically complex kutsinhira parts in the style of one of her teachers, Fungai Mujuru.
	www.mbira.org /catalog.asp?cat=new (996 words)

	Kutsinhira Cultural Arts Center - Dedicated to the Music and Culture of the People of Zimbabwe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The logo for Kutsinhira Center is a mbira held in a gourd resonator.
		The shona word kutsinhira refers to a musical part on a mbira that respond to the main line of a song (kushaura).
		Taken together, they are a metaphor for the idea that a note struck in Zimbabwe reverberates with us in the Pacific Northwest.
	www.kutsinhira.org /about_kuts.html (919 words)

	Coleman Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The mbira is most commonly used in a group of two mbira players.
		One mbira plays the kushaura part which is the accompanying part.
		Typical of African music, each part plays its pattern creating an interlocking piece that sounds cyclic.
	www.uoguelph.ca /music/coleman/thumb_organ.html (235 words)

	The Mbira Store: LK Series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Not only did Lee learn to make mbira from his uncle, he also learned how to play the instrument.
		As a matter of fact, on the brilliant CD by Garikai Tirikoti called Maidei, Lee plays kushaura parts and sings background vocals.
		I was looking for an instrument maker willing to try building instruments small enough they could be played comfortably by children as young as three years old.
	www.zambuko.com /mbira_store/pages/kumbani_series.html (181 words)

	Marimba Madness - Portland ZimMusic
		CS: Do you try to maintain the authenticity of the original material that you do include?
		"Nhemusasa" is straight, very traditional arrangement of the song, starts with kushaura mbira translated to marimba, the next part that comes in is in the pattern of the kutsinhera.
		In my teaching, I always start new marimba groups off with the same ten songs, there's a little variation, but they're all from the standard Zimbabwean Shona marimba repetoire, the closest thing I suppose there is to a "traditional repetoire" given that this style of marimba ensemble was devised only in the 60's.
	www.portlandzimmusic.com /madness.html (3236 words)

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