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	Wikinfo \| Kwantung Army (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Although the Kwantung Army was nominally subordinate to the Japanese High Command, its leadership demonstrated significant self-determination, as conspirators in the Army plotted the assassination of Zhang Zuolin in 1928 and the Manchurian Incident (1931) leading to the foundation of Manchuguo in 1932.
		The Army fought against the Soviet Union's Red Army at Zhanggufeng in 1938 and Nomonhan in 1939, sustaining heavy casualties.
		During Operation August Storm, the Soviet Red Army's invasion Japanese-occupied Manchuria in August 1945, the Kwangtung Army's strength was nearly 600,000.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Kwantung_Army (597 words)

	4-1 Manchurian Incident of 1931 \| Modern Japan in archives
		Army Disarmament and Prince SAIONJI [1] 11th (iii) to (vi), from HARADA Kumao's Diary
		Preview of [Army Disarmament and Prince SAIONJI [1] 11th (iii) to (vi), from HARADA Kumao's Diary]
		Larger image of [Army Disarmament and Prince SAIONJI [1] 11th (iii) to (vi), from HARADA Kumao's Diary]
	www.ndl.go.jp /modern/e/cha4/description01.html (339 words)

	Armies
		The Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) was a military component of the armed forces of the Republic of Vietnam (commonly known as South Vietnam).
		The Japanese China Expeditionary Army of the Imperial Japanese Army, was formed in 1937 as an offshoot of the Kwangtung Army.
		The Chosen Army of the Imperial Japanese Army was headquartered in Keijo (now Seoul), and was responsible for the garrison of and operations on the Korean Peninsula during the Period of Japanese Rule.
	www.shortopedia.com /A/R/Armies (1174 words)

	The Soviet-Japanese War Japan Alternate History
		The Kwantung Army’s determination to defend the outer frontier of Manchukuo in 1938 was a continuation of two decades of Soviet probing and provocations; and this was one of Japan's reasons to sign the Anti-Comintern Pact with Germany in 1936.
		In the ensuing fight, the Kwangtung Army were revealed to be totally outmatched in both firepower and quality of armor, and the Soviets inflicted devastating casualties, slicing the IJA to pieces; and forcing Tojo to call a retreat to the south.
		The Kwangtung Army, the pride of the Imperial Japanese Army and protector of the imperial possessions in northeast Asia, was destroyed; the standard was burned personally by Zhukov.
	www.angelfire.com /gundam/japanese_empire/altjap/sjw.htm (5853 words)

	Interwar Japan Japan Alternate History
		In June 1928, adventurist officers of the Kwangtung Army, the Imperial Japanese Army unit stationed in Manchuria, embarked an unauthorized initiatives to protect Japanese interests, including the assassination of a former ally, Manchurian warlord Chang Huolin.
		A secret society founded by army officers seeking to establish a military dictatorship--the Sakurakai (Cherry Society, the cherry blossom being emblematic of self-sacrifice)--plotted to attack the Diet and political party headquarters, assassinate the prime minister, and declare martial law under a "Showa Restoration" government led by the army minister.
		In 1932, the Kwantung Army initiated the formation of a new administration in Manchuria, and the Empire of Manchukuo was born, headed by the last Chinese emperor, Puyi, as chief executive and later emperor.
	www.angelfire.com /gundam/japanese_empire/altjap/interwar.htm (2550 words)

	Kwantung Army - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although the Kantogun was nominally subordinate to the Japanese High Command, its leadership demonstrated significant self-determination, as conspirators in the Army plotted the assassination of Zhang Zuolin in 1928 and the Manchurian Incident (1931) leading to the foundation of Manchukuo in 1932.
		The Army fought against the Soviet Union's Red Army at Nomonhan in 1939, sustaining heavy casualties.
		Although a source of constant unrest during the 1930s, the Army remained remarkably obedient during the 1940s, proof that the Japanese High Command could keep control—as long as it was willing to retain it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Guandong_Army (578 words)

	15.3. Fighting at the Foot of Mt. Paektu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Surprised, the Kwangtung Army drew up a "general programme for ensuring public peace in Manchukuo", on the pretext of taking measures to instigate a lasting public peace in the Manchurian area, including the eastern frontier region.
		Tokyo had already ordered Army General Minami, the Governor-General of Korea and the supreme ruler of the colonial Korea, and Army General Ueda, the commander of the Kwangtung Army and de facto supreme ruler of Manchuria, to discuss emergency measures for annihilating the anti-Japanese armed forces and promoting public peace.
		The Kwangtung Army, too, prepared for the "punitive" operations with the utmost interest in the eastern frontier region.
	www.kimsoft.com /war/r-15-3.htm (7372 words)

	The Epoch Times :: Roh Moon-Hyun's Ouster: For Whom the Impeachment?
		Hirohito in 1944, placed Korea north of the 38th under the Kwangtung army and the south under the Japanese Home Defense Army.
		The former army was primed to fight the Soviet Army while the latter was arrayed against the Americans.
		The collapse of the Kwangtung Army meant occupation of North Korea by the Red Army.
	www.theepochtimes.com /news/4-4-9/20832.html (1261 words)

	Home > San Pablo, California, CA, 94806, San Pablo Real Estate, San Pablo Yellow Pages, San Pablo Classifieds, San ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Kwangtung Army conquered all of Manchuria and set up the puppet state of Manchukuo.
		On July 7, 1937, at the Marco Polo Bridge, the Japanese Kwangtung army stationed there used explosions heard on the Chinese side of Manchuria as a pretext for invasion.
		While the Japanese army lagged behind the West in terms of the development of mechanized warfare (tanks, motorized transport, and planes) it was far ahead of China in all of these aspects.
	www.sanpablocaus.com /topic/Showa_period (2930 words)

	Untitled Document
		Minami, Army Minister privy to the plot, wanted to delay it due to Hirohito’s caution; it led to faster reaction on the part of the army in 1931 when they learned it.
		Some right-wingers in the army and navy, convinced that Hitler would win a quick victory against the USSR, decided to strike south at the American/British/Dutch controlled regions before turning back to finish the USSR when it was almost dead from Hitler's pounding.
		He seemed to be reconciled with the Army and Navy's suggestions that if Japan was to go to war with the US, it had better do so quickly before its resources ran too low because of the US oil blockade of Japan.
	www.iun.edu /~hisdcl/h207_2002/fifteenyearwar.htm (2122 words)

	Asia Times Online - News from greater China; Hong Kong and Taiwan
		Our army's plans were to continue the demobilization of the land forces, strengthen the construction of the naval and air forces, and postpone the schedule of liberating Taiwan.
		During this time our beloved men of the army and navy, sacrificing their lives, have fought valiantly on disease-stricken and barren lands and on tempestuous waters in the blazing sun, and of this we are deeply grateful.
		The result left the Kwangtung Army a mere shadow of its former self - its most seasoned division was formed only as late as the spring of 1944.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/China/FA08Ad02.html (5937 words)

	danarnold
		From the Army standpoint, clarification could bring Japanese capitulation before an invasion was necessary, forestalling Soviet entry and avoiding the casualties of the invasion.
		The Navy and Army Air Force felt their blockade and bombardment would be much more likely to end the war alone and in an acceptable time frame if terms were clarified.
		The Army countered by suggesting that if the Navy could control the Sea of Japan and thus keep the Kwangtung Army (in Manchuria) from reinforcing Japan, Soviet entry would not be necessary.
	ww2.lafayette.edu /~histclub/danarnold.html (5960 words)

	When Did World War Two Start ? - - - by Todd (Thresher)
		TO the Army, only close combat was deemed the only honorable way to fight, with the armor and artillery servants of the infantry.
		Poland was a walkover, but they had been surprised, and although their fighting spirit was strong, their equipment and tactics had been outdated and outmatched the second Bock's Army Group had crossed the border.
		They had the largest army on the continent, and the Maginot Line was an engineering marvel, every bit as strong as the Siegfreid Line, if not stronger.
	www.fortunecity.com /business/lauder/1644/ww2/nomo002.html (2997 words)

	Imperial Japanese Army - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This rebellion was put down swiftly by conscripts in the newly- formed imperial army, trained in Western tactics and weapons, even though the core of the new army was actually the Tokyo Police force, consisting mostly of former samurai.
		The Imperial Army General Staff Office, created after the Prussian Generalstab, was established directly under the Emperor in 1878 and was given broad powers for military planning and strategy.
		The Army controlled the appointment of the War Minister and in 1936 a law was passed that stipulated that only an active duty general or lieutenant-general could hold the post.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army (2165 words)

	Eastern Front (Down in Flames Expansion)
		Soviet ground forces were supported by 3 air armies, and the attack included airborne capture of airfields towns and bridges, and airborne resupply of units that had outrun their logistics.
		Japanese forces opposing the Soviets were numerous, but the Kwangtung Army was no longer the elite formation it had been in 1939, and resistance was light and ineffectual.
		Establishing their staging points, the Luftwaffe now was given the task of gaining control of the skies in the southern United States as to give time to the Kriegsmarine to ferry the necessary troop and armored contingents for a push to capture points north and west of the initial landing area.
	www.battlefront.com /products/eastern_front/campaigns.html (2972 words)

	5.2. The September 18 Incident (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		On the morning of the 18th of September 1931 when the Kwangtung Army was on standby prior to the Manchurian incident one of the plotters, Colonel Tohihara Kenji (chief of the secret service in Shenyang), unexpectedly appeared in Seoul.
		Clearly it was the work of the Kwangtung Army and they obtained convincing proof of the fact, but the warlords of the Northeast Army made no inquiries into the matter and did not call the Kwangtung Army to account.
		The 300,000-strong Northeast Army fled, abandoning the whole of vast Manchuria with its inexhaustible natural resources, in the face of the Kwangtung Army whose strength was less than one-25th of its own.
	www.kimsoft.com /war/r-5-2.htm (4087 words)

	The Defeat of the Kwangtung Army by Soviet Troops in Manchuria \| Commemorative Coins database \|Bank of Russia
		The Defeat of the Kwangtung Army by Soviet Troops in Manchuria
		The Defeat of the Kwangtung Army by Soviet Troops in Manchuria
		Japanese soldiers throwing to the feet of Soviet soldiers the colours of the Kwangtung army defeated in Manchuria, the inscriptions along the rim separated by two dots: at the top - "РАЗГРОМ КВАНТУНСКОЙ АРМИИ В МАНЖУРИИ" (THE DEFEAT OF KWANGTUN ARMY IN MANCHURIA), at the bottom - "09.08.- 19.08 1945 г;.".
	www.cbr.ru /eng/bank-notes_coins/base_of_memorable_coins/coins.asp?cat_num=5011-0021 (291 words)

	China Offensive
		To the south, the 13th Army held the lower Yangtze River valley and the coast north and south of the port city of Shanghai.
		Because of the weakness of Chiang's army and the lack of adequate roads and railways, Chennault's mixed force of fighters, medium and heavy bombers, and transport aircraft was vital to keeping supplies flowing to the Chinese troops and their American advisers and in attempting to halt Japanese excursions into Chinese-held territory.
		Chinese armies would be concentrated to the north and south to prepare to strike the enemy advance in the flanks and rear.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/brochures/chinoff/chinoff.htm (6739 words)

	Japan invades Manchuria: 1931
		In 1931, the Japanese Kwangtung Army attacked Chinese troops in Manchuria in an event commonly known as the Manchurian Incident.
		The unemployed of Japan looked to the strength of the army to assist their plight rather than to weak politicians.
		"The voice of senior army generals were heard and they argued campaign to win new colonies abroad so that the industries there could be exploited for Japan.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/China/JapanManchuria.html (593 words)

	Stimson Doctrine
		The policy of expansionism in China pursued by the autonomous Kwangtung Army of Japan accelerated in the late 1920s and early 1930s and became a major concern of the U.S. government.
		The Stimson Doctrine was echoed in March 1932 by the Assembly of the League of Nations, which unanimously adopted an anti-Japanese resolution incorporating virtually verbatim the Stimson Doctrine of nonrecognition.
		However, as the Secretary of State later realized, he had at his disposal only "spears of straws and swords of ice." In short order, Japanese representatives simply walked out of the League, and the Kwangtung Army formalized its conquest of Manchuria by establishing the puppet state of Manchukuo under former Chinese emperor Pu-Yi.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ho/time/id/16326.htm (315 words)

	The Soviet Strategic Offensive in Manchuria, 1945: "August Storm" Air & Space Power Journal - Find ...
		Glantz's description of this campaign as a graduation exercise for the bloodied, battle-hardened Red Army may be the most appropriate label for this relatively unknown operation.
		Japan occupied Manchuria in 1931; in 1938 and again in 1939, the Japanese Kwangtung army twice tangled with the Soviet army and lost.
		Both battles showed the Japanese that the Red Army was a formidable foe and may have led the Imperial Japanese Army to push for conquest in Southeast Asia rather than trying to overcome the Soviet Bear in Siberia.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0NXL/is_3_18/ai_n6361648 (881 words)

	[KS] Jurisdiction of the Imperial Army and Kwangtung army
		Doc Rock Dane Alston wrote: Dear Korean Studies list members, A friend of colleague has sent through a question regarding the jurisdiction of the Imperial Army and Kwangtung army in Korea.
		the war divided the occupation of Korea at the 38th Parallel no less, with the Imperial Army in charge of the south and the Kwantung Army having jurisdiction over the north.
		Edward D. Rockstein Korean Language Instructor Language Learning Center (LLC) 891 Elkridge Landing Road, Rm 301 Linthicum Heights, MD 21090 Office 410-859-5672 Fax 410-859-5737 ed4linda at yahoo.com "The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.
	koreaweb.ws /pipermail/koreanstudies_koreaweb.ws/2006-June/005730.html (264 words)

	[No title]
		Thereafter, the Army and Navy forces acted in concert to mop up the northern zone, On 11 February the land combat units landed at Samah at the southern extremity of Hainan Island and occupied the key positions of Yulin and Yai-Hsien.
		Part of the Kwangtung Army took part in these engagements after 14 May. In addition to engagements by ground forces, there were several encounters between units of the Red Air Force and air units of the Japanese Army up to 1 June, when the Japanese forces returned to their original station.
		From this incident, the Japanese Army learned that there were serious shortcomings in its armored units as well as in its tactics.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/monos/144/144chap4.html (3404 words)

	23.4. The Days of Small-Unit Actions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Even though they knew full well that large forces of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army were putting up resistance as ever, the army and police of Japan and Manchukuo, including the headquarters of the Kwangtung Army, too, said that the guerrillas had been wiped out in the early 1940s.
		Then the main units of the Kwangtung Army and all the "punitive" units under the headquarters of the military districts of the puppet Manchukuo army and the headquarters of the Kwangtung military police went on a rampage of "punitive" actions against the People's Revolutionary Army.
		The army and police of Japan and Manchukuo that had been assuming an air of triumph as if they had annihilated the guerrillas to the last man through the "special clean-up campaign for maintaining public peace in the southeastern area" and large-scale "punitive" actions were hemmed into a tight corner by our adroit small-unit operations.
	www.kimsoft.com /war/r-23-4.htm (7159 words)

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