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Topic: L2TP

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Tunneling protocol

PPPOE

PPTP

Internet protocol suite

Data link layer

Multiprotocol Label Switching

Password authentication protocol

L2TPv3

OSI model

Internet Protocol

SNMP

PPPoA

Extensible Authentication Protocol

HDLC

Frame relay

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	ietf-pppext-l2tp-16.txt-165365.txt
		L2TP extends the PPP model by allowing the L2 and PPP endpoints to reside on different devices interconnected by a packet-switched network.
		L2TP Network Server (LNS) A node that acts as one side of an L2TP tunnel endpoint and is a peer to the L2TP Access Concentrator (LAC).
		The L2TP peer MUST place this value in the Session ID header field of all control and data messages that it subsequently transmits over the tunnel that belong to this session.
	ietfreport.isoc.org /idref/draft-ietf-pppext-l2tp (15758 words)

	L2TP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		L2TP acts as a data link layer (layer 2 of the OSI model) protocol for tunneling network traffic between two peers over an existing network (usually the Internet).
		Because of the lack of confidentiality inherent in the L2TP protocol, it is often implemented along with IPsec.
		L2TP is often used as a tunneling mechanism to resell ADSL endpoint connectivity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/L2TP (986 words)

	L2TP: Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Overview RFC 2661
		One obvious benefit of such a separation is that instead of requiring the L2 connection terminate at the NAS, the connection may terminate at a (local) circuit concentrator, which then extends the logical PPP session over a shared infrastructure such as frame relay circuit or the Internet.
		Because L2TP makes a PPP session appear at a location other than the physical point at which the session was physically received, it can be used to make all channels appear at a single NAS, allowing for a multilink operation even when the physical calls are spread across distinct physical NASs.
		L2TP is defined by IETF (www.ietf.org) in RFC 2661.
	www.javvin.com /protocolL2TP.html (741 words)

	RFC 3193 (rfc3193) - Securing L2TP using IPsec
		L2TP tunnel and Phase 1 and 2 SA teardown...................
		If the L2TP state is such that a ZLB ack has been sent in response to a STOPCCN, this can be assumed to be positive acknowledgment that the peer received the ZLB ack and has performed a teardown of any L2TP tunnel state associated with the peer.
		L2TP implementations MAY use dynamically assigned ports for both source and destination ports only if security for each source and destination port combination can be successfully negotiated by IKE.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc3193.html (6777 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The initiator of an L2TP tunnel picks an available source UDP port (which may or may not be 1701), and sends to the desired destination address at port 1701.
		In the case of an LNS, the PPP and L2TP stacks are both present within the LNS, and packet loss signaling may occur precisely as if a packet was received with a CRC error.
		As such, L2TP is only concerned with confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity of the L2TP packets between its tunnel endpoints (the LAC and LNS), not unlike link-layer encryption being concerned only about protecting the confidentiality of traffic between its physical endpoints.
	www.townsley.net /mark/l2tp/l2tp-latest.txt (16422 words)

	ISP Planet - Technology - Remote Access Conundrum Pt. 2 - Layer-Two Tunneling pg. 1
		L2TP is a standard method for tunneling PPP across the Internet or any intervening IP or non-IP network.
		L2TP lets the enterprise retain control over traditional RAS functions like user authentication and dynamic address assignment, while outsourcing call termination and transport functions to a service provider.
		The L2TP standard was derived, in part, from Cisco's Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F) protocol and Microsoft's Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP).
	www.isp-planet.com /technology/remote_access_conundrum-2-1.html (571 words)

	L2TP, Level 2 Tunneling Protocol
		Specifies the number of bytes past the L2TP header at which the payload data is expected to start.
		If the offset field is present, the L2TP header ends after the last byte of the offset padding.
		The LAC need only implement the media over which L2TP is to operate to pass traffic to one or more LNS's.
	www.networksorcery.com /enp/protocol/l2tp.htm (1003 words)

	L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) (Linktionary term)
		L2TP is often called a "virtual dial-up protocol" because it extends a dial-up PPP session across the Internet.
		With L2TP, the remote user connects to the Internet via a local ISP or by using one of the national ISPs that have local dial-up numbers throughout the country.
		L2TP is not quite a VPN (virtual private network) technology, although it is close.
	www.linktionary.com /l/l2tp.html (1029 words)

	(2)Configuring L2TP Connections
		L2TP uses PPP over UDP (port number 1701 for both the source and destination) when tunneling information.
		L2TP is actually based on a client/server model and is described in RFC 2888.
		L2TP was initially designed as a remote access solution for dial-up access, and thus the term dialup is still used even though in the situation of using a PIX firewall, the clients won’t be
	home.cfl.rr.com /dealgroup/pix/pix_page_7.htm (2579 words)

	Basic L2TP/IPSec troubleshooting in Windows 2000
		L2TP encapsulates original packets inside a PPP frame and performs compression when it is possible.
		L2TP does this based on the security settings in the user configuration of the L2TP tunnel.
		If a machine certificate is not found, L2TP issues a warning that you do not have a certificate, but it does not know whether the certificate has a correctly installed and associated private key for the existing certificate.
	support.microsoft.com /?kbid=259335 (1663 words)

	The VPN Expert: VPN client alternatives, part 3 -- L2TP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		L2TP is an IETF standard for tunneling Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) across any intervening network.
		In both cases, L2TP provides data-independent framing, the ability to multiplex IP and non-IP protocols, tunnel endpoint authentication, and dynamic address assignment.
		Running L2TP over a secure IPsec transport is defined by RFC 3193.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /tip/1,289483,sid7_gci860630,00.html (2005 words)

	What is Layer Two Tunneling Protocol? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: L2TP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The two main components that make up L2TP are the L2TP Access Concentrator (LAC), which is the device that physically terminates a call and the L2TP Network Server (LNS), which is the device that terminates and possibly authenticates the PPP stream.
		L2TP uses packet-switched network connections to make it possible for the endpoints to be located on different machines.
		The user has an L2 connection to an access concentrator, which then tunnels individual PPP frames to the NAS, so that the packets can be processed separately from the location of the circuit termination.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci493383,00.html (324 words)

	Cisco - Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol
		L2TP is one of the key building blocks for virtual private networks in the dial access space and is endorsed by Cisco and other internetworking industry leaders.
		It is the server side of the L2TP protocol and must operate on any platform that terminates PPP sessions.
		The following configuration tells the LNS to "accept" inbound L2TP tunnels with the "sp_lac" tunnel ID. Note that the tunnel ID is often shown as an NAS name, but the tunnel ID should be a common name across all the SP NASs.
	www.cisco.com /warp/public/cc/pd/iosw/tech/l2pro_tc.htm (4009 words)

	What is L2TP? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		Short for Layer Two (2) Tunneling Protocol, an extension to the PPP protocol that enables ISPs to operate Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
		L2TP merges the best features of two other tunneling protocols: PPTP from Microsoft and L2F from Cisco Systems.
		Like PPTP, L2TP requires that the ISP's routers support the protocol.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/L/L2TP.html (76 words)

	Layer Two Tunneling Protocol Extensions (l2tpext) Charter
		L2TP (RFC2661) provides a means for tunneling PPP over IP.
		Signalling of Modem-On-Hold status in Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) (RFC 3573) (22758 bytes)
		L2TP Active Discovery Relay for PPPoE (RFC 3817) (37765 bytes)
	www.ietf.org /html.charters/l2tpext-charter.html (1117 words)

	Using a Linux L2TP/IPsec VPN server
		L2TP packets should flow through the IPsec tunnel and not directly (unencrypted) between the server and the clients.
		Patches are available for two of the major Open Source L2TP daemons (l2tpd and rp-l2tp) which allows the server to bind (listen) to one particular IP address.
		L2TP on its turn will tunnel PPP and PPP is to tunnel the actual payload.
	www.jacco2.dds.nl /networking/freeswan-l2tp.html (13389 words)

	L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol)
		L2TP, originally defined in RFC 2661, was designed to provide dynamic tunneling for multiple Layer 2 circuits across packet-oriented data networks.
		The base L2TP protocol consists of a control protocol for dynamic creation, maintenance and tear-down of L2TP sessions; and data encapsulation to multiplex and demultiplex Layer 2 datastreams between IP-connected nodes.
		L2TPv3 extends L2TP by letting it run on higher-speed devices such as routers because of reduced overhead and the related decrease in processing chores.
	www.networkworld.com /details/511.html (650 words)

	L2TP Remote Access
		When you use L2TP to connect to a VPN server, L2TP uses the client and server computers' certificates to authenticate the systems.
		After L2TP successfully authenticates the user, you'll have a secure tunnel over the Internet to your network; this tunnel will provide the same access you have when you connect locally, albeit a bit slower.
		After I set up L2TP, I was able to connect to my VPN server from the road when I connected to the Internet through my global ISP.
	www.windowsitpro.com /Article/ArticleID/41107/41107.html (1375 words)

	Project VOLANS: Setting up VPN using L2TP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		To start using L2TP use the following command to start the l2tp daemon on both the LAC and LNS.
		Commands can be given to the l2tp daemon by echo'ing them to this file.
		Since -D option is given, the l2tpd will execute in foreground and you can view all the messages on the terminal.
	mia.ece.uic.edu /~papers/volans/l2tpd.html (1179 words)

	L2TP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Layer Two Tunneling Protocol is an IETF Standards Track protocol for tunneling PPP.
		A free version of L2TP for Linux can be found at marko.net
		Cisco's Patent claim to the IETF pertaining to L2TP
	www.townsley.net /l2tp.html (43 words)

	SourceForge.net: RP-L2TP
		Provide feedback on this page Recently changed page Site Status
		RP-L2TP is a user-space implementation of L2TP for Linux and other UNIX systems.
		Support Requests : (6 open / 6 total)
	sourceforge.net /projects/rp-l2tp (77 words)

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