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Topic: L4 microkernel family

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	Kernel (computers)
		The microkernel approach consists in defining a very simple virtual machine over the hardware, with a set of primitives or system calls to implement minimal OS services such as thread management, address spaces and interprocess communication.
		L4[?] is a successor to L3[?] and a popular implementation called Fiasco[?] is able to run Linux next to other L4[?] processes in separate address spaces.
		Many believe that since Mach basically failed to address the sum of the issues that microkernels were meant to solve that all microkernel technology is useless.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mo/Monolithic_kernel.html (1012 words)

	L4 microkernel family
		Originally, L4 is the name of a second-generation microkernel designed and implemented by Jochen Liedtke, running on Intel 486 and Pentium CPUs.
		However, there are now numerous implementations of the L4 API on several hardware architectures.
		Kernels based on the L4 API are second-generation microkernels.
	ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/l4/L4_microkernel_family.html (90 words)

	Kernel (computer science) - WebArticles.com
		Microkernels are often used in embedded robotic or medical computers because most of the OS components reside in their own private, protected memory space.
		Hybrid kernels are essentially microkernels that have some "non-essential" code in kernel-space in order for that code to run more quickly than it would were it to be in user-space.
		These "atypical" microkernels are characterized by a vast number of features which mark them as belonging to the "large microkernel" family.
	www.webarticles.com /print.php?id=149 (1784 words)

	Dr. Dobb's \| Interprocess Communication & the L4 Microkernel \| October 14, 2005
		L4 is a high-performance "second-generation" microkernel developed by the late Jochen Liedtke at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in the mid 1990s.
		L4 microkernels provide only a small set of system services and have shed from their design all nonessential features that reduce performance and/or increase complexity.
		In a nutshell, the L4 community as a whole, and the Pistachio developers specifically, have focused on shortening the IPC critical path to such a degree that it tracks the processor performance improvement curve and no longer is subject to the much slower-to-increase memory curve.
	www.ddj.com /dept/cpp/184402030 (5344 words)

	Software: Operating Systems: Realtime: L4
		Fiasco - Preemptible, realtime, 2nd-generation microkernel, fast, maintainable, readable, supports hard priorities, uses non-blocking synchronization for kernel objects to guarantee priority inheritance, ensure runnable high-priority processes never block waiting for lower ones; rework of L4 interface.
		L4 Microkernel - L4/MIPS: stable L4 for MIPS R4x00 processor, may be fastest kernel for this architecture.
		The Hurd on L4 - Porting the Hurd to the L4 microkernel.
	software.buyaah.com /Operating_Systems/Realtime/L4 (268 words)

	microkernel - EnterpriseNetworkingPlanet - News, trends and advice for network managers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A microkernel (abbreviated 5K or uK) can be considered a compact kernel as it performs only the basic functions universal to all computers.
		Designed to be integrated into different operating systems, a microkernel works with OS-specific servers that provide higher level functions.
		A microkernel is a component-based structure which improves portability at the expense of performance.
	networking.webopedia.com /TERM/M/microkernel.html (116 words)

	Ell Four
		Microkernels like L4 are much closer to this ideal, and perform much better as a result.
		It is true that the reason given (a properly-designed microkernel system can be as fast as a monolithic kernel, and yet provide significantly more safety and flexibility) does not support the case (microkernels matter), but it is still true that MicroKernels matter.
		I would suggest that MicroKernels matter because they can be smaller, more targeted, more flexible, easier to verify, and allow modules to be interchanged more readily, possibly even while the system is live.
	c2.com /cgi/wiki?EllFour (588 words)

	hurd
		Unlike Unix-like kernels, the Hurd builds on top of a microkernel which is responsible for providing the most basic kernel services – coordinating access to the hardware: the CPU (through multiprocessing), RAM (via memory management), and other various devices for sound, graphics, mass storage, etc.
		GNU Mach is currently used as the microkernel, but efforts are under way to port the Hurd to the more modern L4 microkernel.
		It is also being discussed whether or not L4 is actually suitable at all and there may be a switch or port to yet another microkernel [1].
	www.halindia.com /wiki/?title=Hurd (1361 words)

	21C3: Vorträge und Workshops: The Fiasco µKernel
		The distinguished feature of L4 microkernels is their limitiation to the most primitive abstractions.
		L4Linux is a port of the Linux kernel to the L4 microkernel.
		Building secure systems based on microkernels is attractive as the involved components are relatively small and can be assembled as needed.
	www.ccc.de /congress/2004/fahrplan/event/115.de.html (444 words)

	The L4 microkernel family - developer's bibliography (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The L4 environment has not been released publicly yet (as of July 2001), but a release is planned for the near future.
		The L4 Environment Library is a collection of functions and glue code to support applications which use the Common L4 Environment.
		The region mapper is the part of the L4 environment which manages the virtual address space of a task.
	os.inf.tu-dresden.de.cob-web.org:8888 /L4/bib.html (1457 words)

	Kernel
		Microkernels provide a small set of simple hardware abstractions and use applications called servers to provide more functionality.
		For example, XNU, the Mac OS X kernel, is based on Mach 3.0 + BSD in the same address space in order to cut down on the latency incurred by the traditional microkernel design.
		The design of Linux as a monolithic kernel rather than a microkernel was the topic of a famous flame war between Linus Torvalds and Andrew Tanenbaum; a summary is available online.
	www.xtrj.org /ssm12/kernel_classify.htm (1095 words)

	The L4 microkernel family - Overview
		Originally, L4 is the name of a second-generation µ-kernel (microkernel) designed and implemented by Jochen Liedtke, running on i486 and Pentium CPUs.
		However, there are now numerous implementations of the L4 API (application programming interface) on several hardware architectures.
		L3 is a microkernel implementation running on x86 CPUs.
	os.inf.tu-dresden.de /L4/overview.html (214 words)

	Jorrit N. Herder - Microkernels // Operating Systems
		L4 is the successor to L3, which, in turn, is based on Eumel.
		In contrast to L4, everything in L3 is persistent, including data and processes.
		L4 branch meant as a base for the Dresden Realtime OS (DROPS).
	www.cs.vu.nl /~jnherder/microkernels.php?page=l4 (452 words)

	SuperParallel.com: Common Terms - Kernel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		However, when the implementation is complete and trustworthy, the tight internal integration of components allows the low-level features of the underlying system to be effectively utilized, making a good monolithic kernel highly efficient.
		However, the monolithic model tends to be more efficient through the use of shared kernel memory, rather than the slower Inter-process communication characteristic of microkernel designs.
		This includes the robotic arms on the space shuttle, and machines that grind glass to very fine tolerances (a tiny mistake may cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, as in the case of the mirror of the Hubble Space Telescope).
	www.superparallel.com /terms/kernel.html (1696 words)

	L4HQ - The L4 Headquarters
		L4.Sec is a specification of a next generation microkernel interface targeted to co-host user-level servers implementing security-critical functionality next to untrusted and potentially malicious software.
		National ICT Australia is pleased to announce the initial release of the Magpie interface compiler for L4.
		For those looking for an introduction to L4Ka::Pistachio programming, the slides used to teach the API during the course are available in the documentation section.
	l4hq.org (1187 words)

	The L4 microkernel family
		It is the first available implementation of the experimental L4 Version X.2 kernel API, which will eventually evolve into L4 version 4 and is fully 32- and 64-bit clean and provides multiprocessor support.
		The Fiasco microkernel is a complete implementation of the L4 version 2 interface.
		Jochen was the main visionary behind the L4 microkernel interface.
	os.inf.tu-dresden.de /L4 (438 words)

	aaspaas.com - Web Pages Results for L4
		Preemptible, realtime, 2nd-generation microkernel, fast, maintainable, readable, supports hard priorities, uses non-blocking synchronization for kernel objects to guarantee priority inheritance, ensure runnable high-priority processes never block waiting for lower ones; rework of L4 interface.
		The L4Ka microkernel is an L4 compatible kernel running on many platforms: ARM; MIPS; 68k, PPC; x86.
		L4/MIPS: stable L4 for MIPS R4x00 processor, may be fastest kernel for this architecture.
	aaspaas.com /webdirectory.asp?d=190535 (274 words)

	L4 :: Realtime : Gourt
		DROPS - The Dresden Realtime Operating System Project - L4 and Linux based research project aiming at the support of applications with Quality of Service requirements.
		It consists of a L4 microkernel and a set of distributed objects acting at the user level.
		Goals: Prove SASOSs can run on normal hardware, be as secure as normal OSs; can be as efficient as, and are faster than, normal OSs in some important uses; can be pure SASOSs with all data (even system data) in one address space and no other IPC mechanism is supported by OS.
	computers.gourt.com /Software/Operating-Systems/Realtime/L4.html (511 words)

	OSNews.com
		"The L4/Darwin project is an experimental port of Darwin to the L4 microkernel to study the characteristics of a large-scale microkernel-based system.
		It includes a port of IOKit to L4, a modified libc to communicate with the Darbat Server, and of course XNU with many of the machine-dependent parts heavily modified (pmap, thread/task creation, etc.) but much left unchanged (most of BSD, and large parts of OSFMK work without modification)."
		I've been a fan of the L4 microkernel family for quite a while; it's good to see that there's still a lot of activity going on with it.
	www.osnews.com /comment.php?news_id=14191 (381 words)

	L4Env and DDE 0.1 for L4 released - OSNews.com
		L4Env and DDE 0.1 for L4 released - OSNews.com
		The L4Env, the L4 Environment, and DDE, the Device Driver Environment.
		L4Env is a programming environment for application development on top of the L4 microkernel family.
	www.osnews.com /printer.php/4015/L4Env-and-DDE-0.1-for-L4-released (141 words)

	l4 - Ask.com Web Search
		It is the first available kernel implementation of the L4 Version 4 kernel API (currently code-named Version X.2), which is fully 32 and 64...
		The most comprehensive source of information about L4 in general is L4 Headquarters.
		Frank Mehnert has implemented the RT-Linux API on top of L4 and has compared the real-time characteristics of Fiasco, L4/x86, and RT-Linux.
	search.ask.com /web?q=l4 (278 words)

	gmane.comp.micro-kernel.l4.devel
		In the l4 configuration of l4linux i think there is no special option to be choose except the l4 build directory.
		That is, there is only L4 dependent C Code and no "real" architecture dependent code like IA32/PowerPC Assembler.
		So the job at hand is to fill the architecture specific function table with the L4 specific implementation.
	blog.gmane.org /gmane.comp.micro-kernel.l4.devel?set_blog_all=yes (1462 words)

	21C3: Lectures and workshops: The Fiasco µKernel
		All other functionality is implemented in user land.
		L4 microkernels only accomdate functionality that cannot be implemented in user space thereby striving for minimality.
		Keeping the software for the Trusted Computing Base small is one goal of such systems.
	www.ccc.de /congress/2004/fahrplan/event/115.en.html (444 words)

	L4 microkernel family
		L4, and its predecessor L3, have that demonstrated that microkernels are not necessarily slow.
		L4 Developer's Bibliography, TU Dresden, organized by subject
		L4 branch meant as a base for the Dresden Realtime OS The kernel has a binary L4 interface, but was enhanced with real-time properties for DROPS.
	www.xtrj.org /china-ukernel/l4/l4_microkernel_family.htm (403 words)

	Jesus Army: Open Directory: Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Realtime: L4
		L4 and Linux based research project aiming at the support of applications with Quality of Service requirements.
		A distributed operating system based on the concepts of object replication, component model support and persistence.
		www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~disy/L4 L4/MIPS: stable L4 for MIPS R4x00 processor, may be fastest kernel for this architecture.
	www.jesus.org.uk /pod/Computers/Software/Operating_Systems/Realtime/L4 (412 words)

	Nabble - L4 forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Messages posted here will be sent to this mailing list.
		This list is intended for discussions about the L4 microkernel family and software running on top of L4.
		L4 API and ABI Documentation by Till Backhaus
	www.nabble.com /L4-f14359.html (234 words)

	gmane.os.hurd.l4
		Would you mind to explain what is current state of the project.
		We are very well aware of the possibility of having multiple components within a single protection domain---either as separate
		Subject: Accessing the L4 API with XS for fast stub-code generation (IDL4::CORBA)
	blog.gmane.org /gmane.os.hurd.l4/month=20030701 (921 words)

	L4Ka - The L4 microkernel family and friends
		Microkernel-based architectures should particularly support extensibility and customizability, robustness including reliability and fault tolerance, protection and security.
		After disastrous results in the early 90's, the microkernel approach now seems to be promising, although it still bears a lot of research risks.
		The L4Ka research project aims at substantiating and establishing a new methodology for system construction that helps to manage ever-increasing OS complexity and minimizes legacy dependence.
	l4ka.org (160 words)

	Hurd Web links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		search ]: This list is intended for discussions about the L4 microkernel family and software running on top of L4.
		MkLinux: Linux on OSF Mach microkernel running on PowerPC computers.
		Porting to L4 Cross reference of gnumach functions called from glibc and the Hurd {cvs checkout code probably don't work; use uudecode for the attached encoded file}
	www.fprintf.net /hurd (1416 words)

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