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Topic: LDL apheresis

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	Apheresis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apheresis (Greek: "to take away") is a medical technology in which the blood of a donor or patient is passed through an apparatus that separates out one particular constituent and returns the remainder to the circulation.
		Various blood components are obtained by apheresis from donors.
		The various apheresis techniques may be used whenever the removed constituent is causing severe symptoms of disease.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Apheresis (330 words)

	Newswise
		LDL apheresis, approved for treatment by the FDA earlier this year, can be considered a potentially life-saving therapy for patients who do not respond to other types of treatment.
		For example, studies reported in the medical literature have demonstrated that LDL apheresis can induce the regression of atherosclerosis, improve cardiac perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease, and decrease coronary events in a variety of patients.
		To determine whether LDL apheresis may be helpful and appropriate in a specific case, a formal screening process is in place to review medical records and perform physical assessments of potential candidates.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view?id=LDL.CED (473 words)

	Cedars-Sinai Heart Center - LDL Apheresis
		LDL refers to what is known as the "bad" cholesterol.
		As blood flows through the hollow fibers of the plasma separator, the plasma is separated and pumped into one of the two LDL adsorption columns.
		As the plasma passes through the column, the apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins - LDL, Lp(a) and VLDL - are selectively adsorbed by the dextran sulfate - cellulose beads within the column.
	www.csmc.edu /2350.html (402 words)

	Nursing Spectrum- Career Fitness Online
		While LDL apheresis has as its direct goal the immediate lowering of a patient’s LDL-C levels, its ultimate aim is to reduce future cardiovascular events and, in turn, improve the quality and length of patients’ lives.
		LDL apheresis may sound like a godsend to patients like Jack, but the therapy is not without its problems.
		LDL apheresis is proving itself to be a safe and powerfully effective tool for the treatment of severe forms of hypercholesterolemia, especially in patients with associated coronary heart disease.
	community.nursingspectrum.com /MagazineArticles/article.cfm?AID=3220 (1997 words)

	Lipids Online Slides: ldl, apheresis, endothelial function
		LDL apheresis is a venous access technique in which blood is drawn from one antecubital vein, processed, and then returned to the other antecubital vein.
		LDL apheresis may be required in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), who typically have LDL-C >500 mg/dl and are unresponsive to drug therapy, and in some patients with heterozygous FH.
		In a study of the effect of apheresis on endothelial function, 7 patients with FH were given a single apheresis treatment, and hyperemic forearm blood flow, measured by strain-gauge plethysmography, was compared before and after treatment.
	www.lipidsonline.org /slides/slide01.cfm?q=ldl&pg=25 (813 words)

	Upstate Medicare Division, HealthNow NY, Inc.; LDL APHERESIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		LD L Apheresis is limited to patients with clinical and laboratory criteria specified in the Indications section of this policy.
		LDL apheresis is limited to patients who have failed a minimum six-month continuous trial of maximally tolerated drug therapy, defined as a minimum six-month trial of maximally tolerated doses of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin), in combination with at least one other lipid lowering medication: fibric acid derivative, niacin/nicotinic acid, or bile acid sequestrant.
		Claims will be denied if LDL apheresis is performed without fulfillment of the requirements in the Indications section of this policy, or if LDL apheresis is performed in violation of one or more of the limitations in the Limitations section.
	www.umd.nycpic.com /CAC_DRAFT_LDLApheresis.html (1860 words)

	Newswise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The patient was born with a genetic defect that had caused very high levels of LDL since birth, and at this young age, had already undergone two heart surgeries to clean out and bypass some of the major blood vessels in and around the heart.
		To determine whether LDL apheresis may be helpful and appropriate, a formal screening process is in place to review medical records and perform physical assessments of potential candidates.
		Anyone interested may contact the LDL apheresis program directly at 1-800-432-7831, or can be referred by their physician.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view?id=LDLAPH.CED (539 words)

	PRMC \| Radio News Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		LDL is know as the “bad” cholesterol because it sticks to the lining of the blood vessels, narrowing them and raising the risk of heart attack, stroke or angina pain.
		Cholesterol apheresis is a blood-filtering technique similar to kidney dialysis that strips the blood of LDL cholesterol to help lower the levels of this artery-clogging substance.
		The intriguing and interesting aspect of LDL apheresis is that it’s different from traditional plasma apheresis in that there are no sources of infection that the patient might be introduced to.
	www.med.umich.edu /prmc/radio/2004/hmcholesterol.htm (417 words)

	LDL Apheresis
		Apheresis is a technique that separates the blood into components so that any unwanted substances may be removed from the blood.
		LDL apheresis is for individuals that have tried diet and maximum drug therapy.
		LDL apheresis is for patients with otherwise untreatable high cholesterol.
	www.esunhealth.medem.com /ypol/user/userMain.asp?siteid=1735118&content=userCustomPage&bcx=My%20Doctor^TAB~Web%20Site^MNU~Bhuvan%20Chawla,%20MD^PST^1735118~LDL%20Apheresis^CAT^9&pageid=376741&rndm=0.6302138900743527 (458 words)

	WSOCTV.com - Health - Blood Cholesterol -- LDL Apheresis
		LDL, or low-density lipoprotein, circulates in the blood and deposits itself along the walls of the arteries.
		Apheresis is a process where certain components of the blood are removed.
		Doctors say LDL apheresis is an expensive procedure that's typically reserved for patients who are unable to lower their cholesterol levels despite several different attempts at treatment.
	www.wsoctv.com /health/3356661/detail.html (779 words)

	May 1997 - LDL Apheresis
		Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant disorder which results from mutations involving the gene encoding the LDL receptor.
		The time-averaged lowering of LDL falls in the range of 40-60% depending on how often the treatment is performed (usually every 1-2 weeks).
		Evaluation of the angiograms revealed no significant difference in the stenosis after 2 years of treatment between apheresis and the drug group, either on per patient basis or on a per lesion basis.
	www.itxm.org /TMU1997/tmu5-97.htm (1029 words)

	LDL Apheresis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		LDL apheresis is a procedure similar to kidney dialysis that targets the "bad" cholesterol containing particles including LDL, VLDL, and Lp(a).
		Individuals undergoing LDL apheresis would go to the Transfusion and Apheresis Service in the University Hospital every two weeks or as indicated by the lipid specialists.
		LDL apheresis is indicated for the following individuals for who diet and maximum drug therapy has either been ineffective or not tolerated:
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/umapheresis.htm (407 words)

	Influence of LDL apheresis on LDL subtypes in patients with coronary heart disease and severe hyperlipoproteinemia -- ...
		Influence of LDL apheresis on LDL subtypes in patients with coronary heart disease and severe hyperlipoproteinemia -- Schamberger et al.
		the reduction of LDL subfractions 5 and 6 was significant (LDL-5,
		LDL and a relative decrease in small, dense LDL with apheresis.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/41/5/727 (3707 words)

	In vivo metabolism of LDL subfractions in patients with heterozygous FH on statin therapy: rebound analysis of LDL ...
		LDL apheresis decreased apoB in buoyant, intermediate, and dense
		LDL phenotype A (corresponding to an abundance of buoyant LDLs).
		LDL hemoperfusion—a new procedure for LDL apheresis: first clinical application of an LDL adsorber compatible with human whole blood.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/45/8/1459 (4357 words)

	Acute effects of low density lipoprotein apheresis on metabolic parameters of apolipoprotein B -- Parhofer et al. 41 ...
		LDL apheresis acutely and reversibly alters apoB metabolic parameters.
		Although the two tracer studies were separated by 6 weeks it was assumed for the modeling that the apheresis was performed at 120 h, and thus the data between 0 and 119 h represent preapheresis data, while the data shown between 120 and 280 h represent postapheresis data.
		In each panel, the study performed before apheresis is depicted on the left, and the study performed immediately after apheresis is shown on the right.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/41/10/1596 (3793 words)

	Services - Therapeutic Apheresis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Blood is drawn through a needle in one arm and passed through a hollow fiber membrane where the plasma is separated from the red cells.
		The plasma is then passed through a special column, known as a Liposober LA-15, where the LDL is collected.
		Florida Blood Services provides a broad spectrum of modern apheresis cell separators, as well as a specialty-trained professional nursing staff, to help patients who have a myriad of diseases.
	www.fbsblood.org /html/services/ldl.html (310 words)

	Untitled Document
		Mean acute reductions in total, LDL, and Lp(a) cholesterol levels were 70 percent, 81 percent, and 68 percent, respectively, in homozygotes and 61 percent, 76 percent, and 65 percent, respectively, in heterozygotes.
		There was a 44 percent reduction in cardiovascular events during the 5 years the patients received LDL-apheresis compared with the 5-year period prior to LDL apheresis (3.5 events per 1,000 patient-months of treatment compared with 6.3 events per 1,000 patient-months before LDL-apheresis therapy).
		Two patients are continuing to receive regular biweekly LDL apheresis treatments at the Clinical Center, while a third patient, a child, receives biweekly plasma exchange until his blood volume becomes large enough to tolerate the extracorporeal volume of the LDL apheresis device.
	www.cc.nih.gov /ccc/annual_report/rpt992/Z01CL-02062-09.htm (442 words)

	ISA: Liposorber D Decreases LDL-C and Lipoprotein (a) in High Risk Patients
		KYOTO, JAPAN -- October 1, 2003 -- A novel whole blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis system, named Liposorber D, is safe and effective in decreasing LDL cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels.
		Otto explained that while current LDL apheresis devices eliminate LDL particles from plasma, Liposorber D is able to absorb lipoproteins directly from whole blood using a whole-blood perfusion column called DALI.
		In this process, positively charged atherogenic lipoproteins -- such as LDL, very low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and lipoprotein (a) -- are adsorbed after being attracted to negatively charged dextran sulfate.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/E2B49DD9C09D2CD685256DB2006204DC (473 words)

	News 14 Carolina \| 24 Hour Local News \| HEADLINES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		LDL apheresis is a treatment that removes certain types of lipoproteins from the blood, while preserving HDL and other plasma proteins.
		Patients interested in LDL apheresis should ask their health-care provider if a referral to a lipid specialist would be right for them.
		The most common is hypotension or lightheadedness, which affects less than 5 percent of LDL apheresis patients.
	rdu.news14.com /content/headlines?ArID=52105&SecID=2 (902 words)

	Help Therapy Prevents Cvd Help Therapy Useful In Chronic Cvd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Overall reductions in lipids and other parameters by LDL apheresis may help to explain the immediate improvement in endothelial function, which is important, as dysfunctional endothelial-dependent vasodilatation is an early sign of vascular disease (see Figure 1).
		The aggressive reduction of serum lipids and other markers of vascular risk with LDL apheresis can be considered a magnification of what HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and other lipid-lowering medications can attain in the prevention and treatment of CVD in patients with dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.
		The effects seen by LDL apheresis further supports the recent changes applied to the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, or ATP III, where aggressive lipid reduction is recommended for patients with CVD, as well as for patients at high risk of developing it.
	www.coronaryheartdisease.org /help-therapy-prevents-cvd.htm (634 words)

	LDL apheresis - Definition up Erdmond.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		is a form of dialysis to eliminate the cholesterol-containing particle LDL from the bloodstream.
		LDL apheresis works by leading venous_blood through a collumn coated with antibodies to apolipoprotein_B (the main protein of LDL particles), dextran sulphate or polyacrylate, or by precipitating LDL with heparin at low pH.
		In all cases (apart from polyacrylate absorption), plasma is separated from cells by a cell_separator.
	www.erdmond.com /LDL_apheresis.html (175 words)

	Effect of Apheresis of Low-Density Lipoprotein on Peripheral Vascular Disease in Hypercholesterolemic Patients with ...
		Effect of Apheresis of Low-Density Lipoprotein on Peripheral Vascular Disease in Hypercholesterolemic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease -- Kroon et al.
		LDL apheresis decreased the intima-media thickness of the carotid
		A population-based primary preventive trial of the effect of LDL lowering on atherosclerotic progression in carotid and femoral arteries.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/125/12/945 (5472 words)

	Medicare Part B - KS/NE/W.MO - Apheresis for Lowering LDL-Cholesterol
		A reduction in the long-term rate of cardiovascular events is the critical end-point for this mode of treatment.
		· The FDA approval is for patients with LDL ³ 300 mg/dL, or ³ 200 mg/dL for patients with coronary artery disease.
		This policy does not reflect the sole opinion of the contractor or Contractor Medical Director. Although the final decision rests with the contractor, this policy was developed in cooperation with advisory groups, which include representatives from internal medicine.
	www.kansasmedicare.com /part_B/LMRP/policies/ApheresisforLoweringLDLCholesterol.htm (1426 words)

	Lipid Apheresis for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia
		Lipid apheresis is a general term that refers to several different approaches that selectively remove low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and other lipoproteins from the plasma of individuals with refractory hypercholesterolemia.
		FH is a dominantly inherited disorder involving a mutation of the gene that encodes for the specific cell surface receptor responsible for LDL uptake by the cells.
		Lipid apheresis for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia is considered medically necessary if the medical appropriateness criteria are met.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Lipid_Apheresis.htm (624 words)

	Lipid Education Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For example, for a patient with coronary heart disease, drug therapy is recommended if the LDL cholesterol remains >130 mg/dl despite diet, to achieve an ideal LDL goal of <100 mg/dl.
		On the other hand, a more reasonable target may be an initial LDL goal of <130 mg/dl, with a secondary target of <100 mg/dl for patients successfully achieving the initial goal.
		Determine the lipid abnormalities to be corrected: (LDL, triglycerides, or both).
	www.intmed.mcw.edu /gimcme/lipids (3097 words)

	Sound Medicine for March 22, 2003
		The machine withdraws a patient's blood, cleanses the plasma of LDL cholesterol, then returns the blood to the patient.
		Deeg first defines HDL ("happy") and LDL ("lousy") cholesterol, their ideal levels, and how to determine your levels from a standard lipid panel test.
		The LDL apheresis procedure is for people with very high LDL, usually those with a genetic defect in the LDL receptor, a condition Dr. Deeg explains.
	www.soundmedicine.iu.edu /archive/2003/032203.html (900 words)

	Increased Cerebral CO2 Reactivity After Heparin-Mediated Extracorporal LDL Precipitation (HELP) in Patients With ...
		Recently, it was demonstrated that a single LDL apheresis
		LDL against oxidation in the study by Andrews et al, with subsequent intraexperimental
		Hein TW, Kuo L. LDLs impair vasomotor function of the coronary microcirculation: role of superoxide anions.
	stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/30/9/1802 (2492 words)

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